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What Causes Ulcers? No single cause has been found for ulcers. However, it is now clear that an ulcer is the end result of an imbalance between digestive fluids in the stomach and duodenum. Most ulcers are caused by an infection with a type of bacteria called Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Factors that can increase your risk for ulcers include: Use of painkillers called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as aspirin, naproxen (Aleve, Anaprox, Naprosyn, and others), ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil, some types of Midol, and others), and many others available by prescription; even safety-coated aspirin and aspirin in powered form can frequently cause ulcers. Excess acid production from gastrinomas, tumors of the acid producing cells of the stomach that increases acid output (seen in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome) Excessive drinking of alcohol Smoking or chewing tobacco Serious illness Radiation treatment to the area What Are the Symptoms of an Ulcer? An ulcer may or may not have symptoms. When symptoms occur, they may include: A gnawing or burning pain in the middle or upper stomach between meals or at night Bloating Heartburn Nausea or vomiting In severe cases, symptoms can include: Dark or black stool (due to bleeding) Vomiting blood (that can look like "coffee-grounds") Weight loss Severe pain in the mid to upper abdomen
Do you think you have a hernia?
What are hernias?
The hernias we address in this http://DoctorsExpressHartsdale.com Medical Minute are inguinal, or groin, hernias. More common in men than women, an inguinal hernia can occur when part of the small intestine protrudes through a weakness or tear in the area between your abdomen and your thigh- or your groin. It's possible for anyone to get an inguinal hernia, but it is more commonly found in males.
Hernias form a bulge and can be accompanied by pain. Men have an approximate 26% lifetime risk of having hernia at some point in their life, where as women have a much lower chance of one- only about 3% of women will experience a hernia at some point in their life. There are other types of hernias, such as abdominal, or "hiatal" hernias but groin hernias outnumber abdominal hernias by about 3 to 1.
What causes a hernia?
The cause of a hernia is not always known, but hernias are often the result of weak spots in the abdominal wall. Weaknesses can be due to congenital defects (present at birth) or formed later in life. Some risk factors for inguinal hernia include:
• fluid or pressure in the abdomen
• heavy lifting
• straining during urination or bowel movements
• obesity
• chronic cough
• pregnancy
Hernias often form in people with weakened abdominal muscles or in those who do a lot of heavy lifting or straining, which is why we see it quite often in young men. Physiology plays a part: men have testicles and scrotum which descend through the inguinal canal-much larger in men than in women. That is part of the reason men tend to be more susceptible to hernias than women.
Symptoms of hernia
Symptoms of inguinal hernia usually include a bulge in the groin area and pain, pressure, or aching at the bulge—especially when lifting, bending, or coughing. These symptoms usually subside during rest periods. Men may also experience swelling around the testicles.
Screening and Diagnosis of Hernias
If you are having abdominal pain or pelvic bulge and pain, you want to see physician, and he or she will do an exam. They will use their finger, to see if you have a bulge in your scrotum or on your groin and they'll see if its reducible or not. If the exam doesn't give them the answer, they can then perform an ultrasound, an inexpensive test that can tell you the same day whether a hernia is present.
What to do if you think you have a hernia
Most of the time hernias do not cause problems. People often live with hernias their entire life without them becoming aggravated or painful. When they do cause pain though, there is concern that complications may have arisen. Most common hernias are what we call reducible; you can take your finger or you can lie down in bed and due to the effects of gravity, the bulge in the groin will actually disappear, which means the intestinal contents actually go back into the abdominal cavity or to the correct location. If it's not reducible by lying down or using a finger or having a physician trying to reduce it, then there are concerns about complications such as strangulation, or incarceration occurring. If those concerns are there, then you need to see a surgeon, and there may be a need for surgery.
How to Treat a Hernia
As stated earlier, hernias can often be watched for years without being treated. If however, they are causing pain, we generally refer you to a surgeon who can do a very simple laparoscopic surgery.
If you suspect a hernia, but have not been diagnosed, you should see your doctor, and of course, we are happy to see you here at Doctors Express
Routine pelvic exams are important for good reproductive health. A woman should have her first GYN exam when she first thinks about becoming sexually active, when she becomes sexually active or when she turns 18.
At the gynecologist, you will have a short general physical exam, including a breast exam. You will wear a hospital gown and nothing else. For the actual pelvic examination, you will lie down on an examination table with your feet resting in elevated “stirrups” (props that support your legs in the air). Stirrups might look a little scary, but they are there to keep you comfortable. Your legs will be spread apart, with your knees falling to each side so that your vagina is exposed. You may feel uncomfortable, but relax and realize that everyone goes through this.
External Exam
The practitioner will visually examine your vulva for discoloration, irritation, swelling and other abnormalities, and will gently feel for glands.
Internal Exam
There are two parts to the internal exam. The first involves a speculum, a metal or plastic instrument that the practitioner inserts into the vagina. The speculum is shaped like a duck’s bill, and once it is inserted into the vaginal canal, it is gently widened to spread the interior vaginal walls (this is not painful). As the vaginal walls are spread, the practitioner is able to see the walls of the vagina itself, and up the vaginal canal to the cervix. When viewing the vaginal canal and the cervix, the practitioner can look for discoloration, abnormal discharge, lesions, growths and signs of infection. It is possible for you to look at your own cervix during this process by propping yourself up on your elbows and using a mirror. Some practitioners ask if you would like to do this, but feel free to ask to if she doesn’t mention it first.
Pap Smear
Next the practitioner will take a pap smear. She/he uses a long-stemmed cotton swab to collect a sample of cells in the cervix. Some women feel a slight cramping sensation when their cervix is touched. The collected cells are smeared onto a slide and sent to a lab for testing and examination. The pap smear is extremely important for spotting abnormalities in the cervix which may indicate infection or disease.
STD Testing
If you are sexually active, the practitioner will test for STDs. The gynecologist will swab the inside of the cervix with a long cotton swab. The speculum is then taken out of the vagina. The samples are sent to a laboratory for various STD testing. The tests will probably take a couple days. Ask when your results will be available so you can call. If you want to be tested for HIV, syphilis, genital herpes or hepatitis you need to have blood taken. They can do that as well, but you will need to ask since it is not usually routine.
Manual Exam
The second part of the pelvic exam is called the manual or bi-manual exam. The practitioner will insert one or two fingers into your vagina and press with her/his other hand on the outside of your lower abdomen. They will use a lubricant on their fingers so it is more comfortable. The person can then feel the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries, and check for any swelling or tenderness. Once the doctor is finished checking your uterus and ovaries, the exam is complete. The entire pelvic exam (the parts involving your vagina, cervix, uterus, and ovaries) takes 3 to 5 minutes to complete.
In order to be able to look at tissues under a microscope, we need to first stain them with the right technique. Learn the main staining techniques used in histology today on our full video: https://khub.me/aux9w
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As you probably know, histology is the study of the microscopic anatomy of cells and tissues. So we use staining methods to visualize and distinguish the different parts of cells and tissues since cells and their structures are usually transparent or colorless. The types of dyes used to color cells and their components can either be specific to particular structures, chemical groups or even molecules, and it can also be non-specific in which case most of the cell is stained in the same way.
When staining tissue samples, dyes that are used are either acidic or basic or a combination of the two. And why is that, you might be asking. Well, cellular structures such as nucleic acids or proteins have charged groups which are known as phosphate groups or carboxyl groups, just to name a couple. The dyes used in histology are colored organic compounds which also have a charge. Acidic dyes carry a negative charge and so they bind to positively-charged cell structures.
In the full version of this tutorial, we will cover some of the most common types of dyes used in histological staining of cells and their structures:
- basic dyes vs acidic dyes vs neutral dyes;
- hematoxylin and eosin;
- PAS - staining;
- Golgi method;
- Toluidine blue;
- Masson's trichrome;
- Osmium tetroxide;
To master this topic, click on the link and carry on watching the full video (available to Premium members): https://khub.me/aux9w !
Want to test your knowledge on the different types of cells and tissues? Take this quiz: https://khub.me/3g19f
Read more on how to interpret different histological sections on this complete article which goes through the different stains used in histology https://khub.me/saimh
For more engaging video tutorials, interactive quizzes, articles and an atlas of Human anatomy and histology, go to https://khub.me/pkvz2
Vaser is additionally called as Ultrasonic Assisted Lipoplasty. The 4 th era vaser has exceptional plan and capacities. The test has single or various rings to appropriate the ultrasonic vitality radially emulsifying the fat consistently. Less the quantity of rings more power is produced at the tip which is valuable for intense fibrofatty tissue or remedial surgery.
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Though the risk of HIV transmission through oral sex is very low, but several factors might increase the risk, including sores in the mouth or vagina or on the penis, bleeding gums, having an oral contact with menstrual blood, and the presence of other sexually transmitted diseases. But still the risk is low. by the way better to think twice before having the Oralsex with strangers. because you are not safe 100%.
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Peripheral artery disease (P.A.D.) is a disease in which plaque builds up in the arteries that carry blood to your head, organs, and limbs. Plaque is made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium, fibrous tissue, and other substances in the blood. When plaque builds up in the body's arteries, the condition is called atherosclerosis. Over time, plaque can harden and narrow the arteries. This limits the flow of oxygen-rich blood to your organs and other parts of your body. P.A.D. usually affects the arteries in the legs, but it also can affect the arteries that carry blood from your heart to your head, arms, kidneys, and stomach. This article focuses on P.A.D. that affects blood flow to the legs.
fetal position in womb at 34 weeks fetal position in womb week by week fetal position in womb at 19 weeksUnborn babies toss and turn and hold many different positions within the womb during the gestation period; pregnant women everywhere will attest to the fact that their children always start up the gymnastics at bedtime.
Over the course of a woman's lifetime, she may experience breast changes. While many end up being nothing to worry about, it's important to have any changes that you notice checked by a doctor -- just to be on the safe side. Here are the potential breast cancer symptoms to watch out for.
*How to setup a dialysis Machine*
This is part one of two parts of *How to setup a dialysis Machine* Setting up the Fresenius 2008K hemodialysis machine.
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Additional Resources:
Technical training | Fresenius Medical Care
https://fmcna.com/faq/technical-training/
The Technical Training team Fresenius Renal Technologies, a division of ... closed room environment, as well as hands-on instruction using current machines. ... 2008® Series Troubleshooting Hemodialysis Systems – Workshop, Level II, 2.4 ...
[PDF]2008K Level I Training Manual - Fresenius Medical Care
https://fmcna.com/wp-content/u....ploads/documents/490
I 2008K TRAINING COURSE AGENDA. II HEMODIALYSIS REVIEW. III HYDRAULIC DESCRIPTION. IV MACHINE OPERATION. V INSTALLATION CHECKLIST ...
Training & education - Fresenius Medical Care
https://www.freseniusmedicalca....re.com/en/healthcare
Fresenius Medical Care — training and education for health care professionals. For patient support, home treatment, regulatory requirements, supporting guides ...
At-Home Hemodialysis Training | Fresenius Kidney Care
https://www.freseniuskidneycare.com › Treatments › At-Home Hemodialysis
Depending on the type of dialysis machine you will use, the training program lasts for about 4 to 8 weeks. You will continue to get your dialysis treatments while ...
Training with Fresenius 2008K - HD For Patients - Home Dialysis ...
forums.homedialysis.org › ... › HD For Patients
Nov 16, 2006 - 6 posts - 5 authors
Stacy and I have been in training with the Fresenius Baby K for the past 4 weeks. ... my doctor about doing home hemodialysis, so a much deserv… ... on giving you a quiet RO and makes the machine as quiet as possible.
The Dialysis Machine — Dialysis Technician's Training
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The dialysis machine acts as an artificial replacement for the kidneys, ... Inc. Gambro; Fresenius Medical Care; Wilmed Global – reconditioned machines ...
Training – Renal Dynamics
https://www.renaldynamics.com › Services
Machines: • Fresenius Level I and II training • Introduction to dialysis and machines • Hands on demonstrations • Practical and written exams • Certification upon ...
2008K@home Fresenius Home Hemodialysis Machine
https://fmcna-hd.com/2008kathome.html
Back to 2008K2 Fresenius Dialysis Machine Go to 2008T Fresenius Dialysis ... Same clinical, technical training and same spare parts as 2008k machines
This poor old lady came with swelling in her left buttock for 10 days.She had history of injection in her buttocks two weeks back. She developed painful swelling and redness in her left gluteal region with difficulty in walking.It was diagnosed as injection abscess left gluteal region which needs incision and drainage under local anesthesia.Patient part painted and drapped.2% Lignocaine with adrenaline was infiltrated around the swelling for proper filed block.I use no-11 blade for stab incision over the swelling at the most fluctuating point of the abscess.You can watch how pus was flowing out from the cavity.The aim is to drain all pus from the abscess cavity.Finger exploration is essential to break all loculi inside the cavity, to know the depth and extend of the cavity and to fascilitate proper drainage of residual pus.after pus evacuation,, the cavity should be irrigated with normal saline and betadine solution.lastly the cavity to be packed with betadine soaked guage pieces.Proper dressing is essential.the dressing to be changed after 24 hours.daily dressing is essential with a good antibiotic coverage.the cavity usually obliterates within a period of seven to ten days.
A testicular examination is mainly performed on male patients who present with testicular pathology e.g. pain, swelling, a lump. Although titled testicular examination it involves the examination of the penis, scrotum and testes. As this is an intimate examination it is pertinent to gain a good rapport with your patient, maintain good communication and ensure the patient’s dignity at all times. Remember to offer a chaperone for this skill. For the purposes of your exam, you will most likely be examining a mannequin.