Top videos
There are lots of fallacies about the missionary position being the best position for getting pregnant. With the woman on her back and her partner on top, it is thought that gravity will assist the sperm to swim upwards towards the egg.
ectal exam is an internal examination of the rectum such as by a physician or other healthcare professional.
The digital rectal examination (DRE, Latin palpatio per anum or PPA) is a relatively simple procedure. The patient is placed in a position where the anus is accessible and relaxed (lying on the side, squatting on the examination table, bent over the examination table, etc). The physician inserts a gloved and lubricated finger into the rectum through the anus and palpates the insides.
The DRE is inadequate as a screening tool for colorectal cancer because it examines less than 10% of the colorectal mucosa; colonoscopy is preferred. However, it's an important part of a general examination, as many tumors or other diseases are made manifest in the distal part of the rectum.
This examination may be used: * for the diagnosis of rectal tumors and other forms of cancer; * in males, for the diagnosis of prostatic disorders, notably tumors and benign prostatic hyperplasia; * for the diagnosis of appendicitis or other examples of an acute abdomen (i.e. acute abdominal symptoms indicating a serious underlying disease); * for the estimation of the tonicity of the anal sphincter, which may be useful in case of fecal incontinence or neurologic diseases, including traumatic spinal cord injuries; * in females, for gynecological palpations of internal organs * for examination of the hardness and color of the feces (ie. in cases of constipation, and fecal impaction); * prior to a colonoscopy or proctoscopy. * to evaluate haemorrhoids
The DRE is frequently combined with an FOBT (fecal occult blood test), which may be useful for diagnosing the etiology of an anemia and/or confirming a gastrointestinal bleed.
Sometimes proctoscopy may also be part of a rectal examination.
Hyperkalemia is defined as a serum potassium concentration higher than the upper limit of the normal range; the range in infants and children is age-dependent, whereas the range for adults is approximately 3.5-5.5 mEq/L. The upper limit may be considerably higher in young or premature infants, as high as 6.5 mEq/L.[5] Degrees of hyperkalemia are defined as follows[6] : 5.5-6.0 mEq/L – Mild 6.1-7.0 mEq/L – Moderate ≥7.0 mEq/L – Severe levels higher than 7 mEq/L can lead to significant hemodynamic and neurologic consequences. levels exceeding 8.5 mEq/L can cause respiratory paralysis or cardiac arrest and can quickly be fatal. Because of a paucity of distinctive signs and symptoms, hyperkalemia can be difficult to diagnose. Indeed, it is frequently discovered as an incidental laboratory finding. The physician must be quick to consider hyperkalemia in patients who are at risk for this disease process. (See Etiology.) However, any single laboratory study demonstrating hyperkalemia must be repeated to confirm the diagnosis, especially if the patient has no changes on electrocardiography (ECG). Because hyperkalemia can lead to sudden death from cardiac arrhythmias, any suggestion of hyperkalemia requires an immediate ECG to ascertain whether ECG signs of electrolyte imbalance are present (see Workup). Continuous ECG monitoring is essential if hyperkalemia is confirmed. Other testing is directed toward uncovering the condition or conditions that led to the hyperkalemia (see Workup). The aggressiveness of therapy for hyperkalemia is directly related to the rapidity with which the condition has developed, the absolute level of serum potassium, and the evidence of toxicity. The faster the rise of the potassium level, the higher it has reached, and the greater the evidence of cardiotoxicity, the more aggressive therapy should be. In severe cases, treatment focuses on immediate stabilization of the myocardial cell membrane, rapid shifting of potassium to the intracellular space, and total body potassium elimination. In addition, all sources of exogenous potassium should be immediately discontinued. (See Treatment.)
Female Circumcision - FGM Female Genital Mutilation - female circumcision ختان الاناث - женское обрезание - circuncisão feminina - 女性割禮 - besnijdenis - babae pagtutuli - l'excision - κλειτοριδεκτομή - הנקבה מולה - sunat perempuan - circoncisione femminile - 女子割礼 - 여성 할례 - la circuncisión femenina - หญิง circumcision - kadın sünnet - жіноче обрізання For More read at World Health Organization web site : http://www.who.int/topics/female_genital_mutilation/en/index.html other sites : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Female_genital_cutting
A vaginoplasty is a surgical procedure that tightens the vagina. This is done by removing excess vaginal lining and tightening the surrounding soft tissues and muscles. During delivery of a baby the vagina and surrounding tissues and muscles become stretched. After delivery the vagina may return to a more “normal” size, but it often fails to return to its’ pre pregnancy diameter. Generally, the more vaginal deliveries, the worse the condition gets. Many women will complain of decreased sensation and sexual satisfaction during intercourse. Commonly this is due to a lack of friction. Often their partner may notice a change although he may say nothing. Kegel exercises are often recommended but rarely succeed in restoring vaginal tightness.