Synthol, otherwise known as site enhancement oil is used by some people (including bodybuilders) to increase the apparent size of their muscles by directly injecting the oil into their muscle tissue. Users treat it as a short cut of looking like a body builder, without the actual hard work of bodybuilding training. With repeated injections, a larger volume of synthol builds up inside the muscle, expanding its size like a balloon filling up with air. Side effects of synthol can cause nerve damage, stroke, ulcers, pulmonary embolisms, and much more. Injecting synthol is very dangerous and if that doesn’t deter potential users, there is also a problem from an aesthetic standpoint; synthol use makes ones body look deformed (just see for yourself in the pictures below).

Dr. Ailawadi, M.D., the Chair of Cardiac Surgery at Michigan Medicine, specializes in minimally invasive valve surgery as well as complex cardiac operations. This video shows step by step footage of a Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) in a complex patient. In this case, CABG was performed through a sternotomy (through the breast bone) using the internal thoracic artery and saphenous leg veins to bypass obstructed coronary arteries. In this video, Dr. Ailawadi will perform a triple vessel bypass (CABG) which has been shown to minimize the risk of future heart attack and help patients live longer in the setting of complex coronary artery disease.

To learn more about cardiac surgery at Michigan Medicine, visit: https://medicine.umich.edu/dept/cardiac-surgery

To learn more about Frankel Cardiovascular Center, visit: https://www.umcvc.org/

To watch the full playlist, visit: https://www.youtube.com/playli....st?list=PLNxqP-XbH8B

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Surgery. A procedure to remove an epididymal cyst is carried out under general anaesthetic and involves removing the cysts through a small incision in your scrotum that is sealed with dissolvable stitches.

Huge Sebaceous Cyst Removal Medical Video procedure

腹腔镜十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔修补术

The complex circuitry interconnecting different areas in the brain, known collectively as white matter, is composed of millions of axons organized into fascicles and bundles. Upon macroscopic examination of sections of the brain, it is difficult to discern the orientation of the fibers. The same is true for conventional imaging modalities. However, recent advancements in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) make such task possible in a live subject. By sensitizing an otherwise typical MRI sequence to the diffusion of water molecules it is possible to measure their diffusion coefficient in a given direction1. Normally, the axonal membrane and myelin sheaths pose barriers to the movement of water molecules and, thus, they diffuse preferentially along the axon2. Therefore, the direction of white matter bundles can be elucidated by determining the principal diffusivity of water. The three-dimensional representation of the diffusion coefficient can be given by a tensor and its mathematical decomposition provides the direction of the tracts3; this MRI technique is known as diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). By connecting the information acquired with DTI, three-dimensional depictions of white matter fascicles are obtained4. The virtual dissection of white matter bundles is rapidly becoming a valuable tool in clinical research.

Our journey begins with a transverse section of tightly packed axons as seen through light microscopy. Although represented as a two-dimensional "slice", we see that these axons in fact resemble tubes. A simulation of water molecules diffusing randomly inside the axons demonstrates how the membranes and myelin hinder their movement across them and shows the preferred diffusion direction --along the axons. The tracts depicted through DTI slowly blend in and we ride along with them. As we zoom out even more, we realize that it is a portion of the corpus callosum connecting the two sides of the brain we were traveling on and the great difference in relative scale of the individual axons becomes evident. The surface of the brain is then shown, as well as the rest of the white matter bundles--a big, apparently chaotic tangle of wires. Finally, the skin covers the brain.

With the exception of the simulated water molecules, all the data presented in the animation is obtained through microscopy and MRI. Computer algorithms for the extraction of the cerebral structures and a custom-built graphics engine make our journey through the brain's anatomy possible in a living person.

Micrograph courtesy of Dr. Christian Beaulieu, University of Alberta.
Music by Mario Mattioli.

References:
1. Stejskal, E.O., et al., J. Chem. Phys., 1965. 42:
2. Beaulieu, C., NMR Biomed., 2002. 15:435-55.
3. Basser, P.J., et al., J. Magn. Reson. B, 1994. 103:247-54.
4. Mori, S., et al., NMR Biomed., 2002. 15:468-80.

A video showing abscess incision and drainage

#ComprehensiveClinicalClass
History, Examination and Management of Hernia
Mentor: Dr. Nishanth, Consultant Surgeon, Bengaluru.

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THE WHITE ARMY does not own or claim to own any of the media used in the following video/stream. The media belong to their respective owners who may have copyright over them.The media have been taken from various sources and are used for medical educational purposes only. The following video/stream may contain images that may not be suitable for all audiences, viewer discretion is advised.

An OB/GYN nurse from Erlanger Hospital discusses caring for a newborn baby after a circumcision.

A gastroscopy is a procedure where a thin, flexible tube called an endoscope is used to look inside the oesophagus (gullet), stomach and first part of the small intestine (duodenum). It's also sometimes referred to as an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The endoscope has a light and a camera at one end.

A video showing breast examination after breast implants

Watch that video to know How to Insert Enema

This patient presented to the ER for umbilical pain and had a history of umbilical hernia. He was concerned about the possibility of incarceration of the hernia.

In this video we explain how the clinical exam helps to differentiate a simple painful hernia from an incarcerated one.

***Thanks to the patient for sharing his history and exam with YouTube world***

Tracheotomy is a surgical procedure which consists of making an incision on the anterior aspect of the neck and opening a direct airway through an incision in the trachea (windpipe). The resulting stoma (hole), or tracheostomy, can serve independently as an airway or as a site for a tracheostomy tube to be inserted; this tube allows a person to breathe without the use of his or her nose or mouth. Both surgical and percutaneous techniques are widely used in current surgical practice. It is among the oldest described procedures.

Watch that Ectopic Pregnancy Medical Abortion Procedure

Everything You Need To Know about injections

Ganglion Cyst Volar Wrist Removal Ganglion cysts are noncancerous lumps that most commonly develop along the tendons or joints of your wrists or hands. They also may occur in the ankles and feet. Ganglion cysts are typically round or oval and are filled with a jellylike fluid. Small ganglion cysts can be pea-sized, while larger ones can be around an inch (2.5 centimeters) in diameter. Ganglion cysts can be painful if they press on a nearby nerve. Their location can sometimes interfere with joint movement. If your ganglion cyst is causing you problems, your doctor may suggest trying to drain the cyst with a needle. Removing the cyst surgically also is an option. But if you have no symptoms, no treatment is necessary. In many cases, the cysts go away on their own.

Imperforate Hymen

Intended to detect congenital anomalies of the musculoskeletal system and reassure parents their baby is healthy. This is a demonstration of a real-time physical examination in the nursery setting.

The umbilical cord is wrapped around the baby's neck in about 25% of deliveries. If loose, it usually has no impact on the delivery. If tight, it may need to be relieved before delivery of the baby can proceed safely