What is hemodialysis and how does it work? Who needs it? How do you prepare for it? In the United States, over 30 million Americans have kidney disease, and sometimes, kidney disease progresses to kidney failure or end-stage renal disease. When this happens, you cannot survive unless you have a kidney transplant or some form of dialysis. So today we're going to talk about hemodialysis.

Your kidneys are the two kidney bean-shaped organs that are located in your lower back, or in your flanks. And the kidneys are responsible for filtering out or cleaning your blood. They get rid of excess waste, excess toxins, and excess fluids. If your kidneys stop functioning, then you develop renal failure or end-stage renal disease.

What is Hemodialysis?
Hemodialysis, or blood dialysis, is the filtering of your blood outside of your body. So, if your kidneys stop working properly, the hemodialysis acts as a substitute kidney. Now it's important to note that hemodialysis does not actually correct your own kidney function. It does not fix or treat your kidneys.

#hemodialysis #drfrita

What is The Dialyzer?
The dialyzer is actually the filter. It's the main powerhouse of the hemodialysis system, and it is what actually acts as the substitute kidney. In the dialyzer, you have these hollow fibers that run through it, and these fibers are bathed in something called dialysates, or dialysis fluid.

How Often Are Patients Treated With Hemodialysis?
Most patients who are on hemodialysis are on it between three and six hours, about three days a week, especially if they go to a center.

How Does Hemodialysis Work?
So when you are on dialysis, how does your blood get from your body to the hemodialysis machine and then back to your body? Well, it does so through tubes, and those tubes are connected to your access, and we'll talk about access in just a moment. But as far as the tubing, the tubing is connected to your body.

Types Of Hemodialysis Access
Arteriovenous Fistula or AV Fistula
The AV fistula is the gold standard as far as hemodialysis access is concerned because it gives you the most efficient hemodialysis and it is the least likely to be infected.

Arteriovenous Graft or AV Graft
The AV graft is very similar to the AV fistula in that you still have a surgically connected artery and a vein, usually in the arm, but in the case where if you have veins that are rather thin or arteries that are thin and maybe too weak in order to really give you a properly functioning, substantial AV fistula, then the vascular surgeon may opt to add an artificial material in order to make that shunt a little stronger, or little more durable. And so, an AV graft is another option for dialysis access.

Catheter
If you're in a situation where you need temporary dialysis, or if you have acute kidney injury, then you may have a temporary Vascath placed, and it's usually placed in a vein of the neck, the internal jugular vein, or it can be placed in the groin, or in the femoral vein.

Who Needs Hemodialysis Treatment?
How do you know if you need hemodialysis, and when is it time to prepare? Well, if you follow up with your kidney doctor (nephrologist) regularly, he or she will be watching your labs. They'll be able to see those signs of your kidneys not functioning properly.

Dialysis lecture 1. Dialysis Study: EXPERT NOTES for DHA, Bonent, CHT, B.Sc in Dialysis, Diploma in Dialysis https://amzn.eu/d/35Ui1kT

2. Dialysis Study : Q & A: MCQs, Fill in the blanks, True or False https://amzn.eu/d/gGn8u73

1. Dialysis Study :EXPERT NOTES for DHA, Bonent, CHT, B.Sc in Dialysis, Diploma in Dialysis, Naseha Helal.
https://play.google.com/store/....books/details?id=D_7

2. Dialysis Study: Q & A MCQ https://play.google.com/store/....books/details?id=T_3

Whatsapp
https://chat.whatsapp.com/DKCHbgsNwXS1wd7xI31tpr

Telegram
https://t.me/dialysislife PRINCIPLE OF dialysis
https://youtu.be/cfOm0aFmbe8

Dialysis machine alarms
https://youtu.be/-1A1INyDEOg

DDS dialysis disequilibrium syndrome
https://youtu.be/8AqVFiBOkIc

Peritoneal Dialysis
https://youtu.be/iHPPadGmsv0

Itching
https://youtu.be/T83Wm3HHU4M

What is CRRT
https://youtu.be/jPgFnoSEBMU

LVH
https://youtu.be/ZhFL3Z6LHeA

Sorbent dialysis
https://youtu.be/-rie5dC_FkY

RO Water
https://youtu.be/3jlEsK4Lg_I

Carbon filter RO water
https://youtu.be/mJrgtjNafQw

Hemoperfusion
https://youtu.be/UkbBm8rm9Ww

AV fistula or Dialysis fistula
https://youtu.be/uDbyfqCkCbo

Dialysis MCQ
https://youtu.be/zmOj0BL6jVY

AVF cannulation
https://youtu.be/PyqMcHA07zY

Complications of AV fistula
https://youtu.be/a_CXIvuOO_s

Blood clotting during Dialysis
https://youtu.be/9hYNepiO2o8

Muscle crapms
https://youtu.be/09s07Eiqr2k

Hepatitis C
https://youtu.be/qdNj_GhmnSE

Dialysis procedure
https://youtu.be/u1mGqXO5pzQ

Hypotension
https://youtu.be/4EVPmWTSyN8

Heparin free dialysis
https://youtu.be/rFqAn7HcWwM

Plasmapheresis
https://youtu.be/kbgsjjs9krg

Isolated ultrafiltration
https://youtu.be/xp5I5--uWb0

High flux dialyzer
https://youtu.be/gCNsErn1HHM

Urea and Creatinine
https://youtu.be/Id9AIySMQ6c

Practical RO water demo
https://youtu.be/2pXKGMDNS84

Sodium profiling
https://youtu.be/bE_DcBXNB5g

Peritoneal Dialysis
https://youtu.be/vtK6VZsi8AY

Air embolism
https://youtu.be/WJE-xqnQfd8

Dialysate
https://youtu.be/z_nb43bcWsM

How to stop Bleed from fistula
https://youtu.be/N_inLKPhPUc

Dialysis short form
https://youtu.be/3BqB-gODb5o

Dialyzer reprocessing
https://youtu.be/XelfkKsndlc

Dialysis catheter
https://youtu.be/V7y90m4xlv8

How to set KT/V
https://youtu.be/hWXjU8VTQdk

Mircera injection
https://youtu.be/STtd3I3EijA

Dialysis procedure
https://youtu.be/MIdhIgcKRZ8

Dialysis in snake bite poison
https://youtu.be/niA9RI38jyY

Uf profiling
https://youtu.be/wyjpFjD5Hi0

Heparin dose
https://youtu.be/kB56MkzHIQ0

Hyperkalemia
https://youtu.be/1rWWNlcAuio

Change bandages of leaking fistula
https://youtu.be/_0cebWWdjM8

AvF needle
https://youtu.be/GvUxbXxftTk

Polycystic kidney disease
https://youtu.be/IhsMbHFXZG8

Nephrotic syndrome
https://youtu.be/FEEOsIrXxV8

Diabetic nephropathy
https://youtu.be/v-FBIQ7MA4k

Hemodialysis permanent access
https://youtu.be/_YrwxwiR0f8

Sex and dialysis
https://youtu.be/vvl8UT8lK4k

Albumin and dialysis
https://youtu.be/yzG7yD45Nwg

A bone marrow biopsy removes a small amount of bone and a small amount of fluid and cells from inside the bone (bone marrow). A bone marrow aspiration removes only the marrow. These tests are often done to find the reason for many blood disorders and may be used to find out if cancer or infection has spread to the bone marrow. Bone marrow aspiration removes a small amount of bone marrow fluid and cells through a needle put into a bone. The bone marrow fluid and cells are checked for problems with any of the blood cells made in the bone marrow. Cells can be checked for chromosome problems. Cultures can also be done to look for infection. A bone marrow biopsy removes bone with the marrow inside to look at under a microscope. The aspiration (taking fluid) is usually done first, and then the biopsy.

Thoracic outlet syndrome is a disorders that occur when blood vessels or nerves in the space between your collarbone and your first rib (thoracic outlet) are compressed. This can cause pain in your shoulders and neck and numbness in your fingers. Common causes of thoracic outlet syndrome include physical trauma from a car accident, repetitive injuries from job- or sports-related activities, certain anatomical defects (such as having an extra rib), and pregnancy. Sometimes doctors can't determine the cause of thoracic outlet syndrome. Treatment for thoracic outlet syndrome usually involves physical therapy and pain relief measures. Most people improve with these approaches. In some cases, however, your doctor may recommend surgery.

Anatomy of The Upper Limb Joints

Histology of Colon

Each month inside your ovaries, a group of eggs starts to grow in small, fluid-filled sacs called follicles. Eventually, one of the eggs erupts from the follicle (ovulation). It usually happens about 2 weeks before your next period. Hormones Rise After the egg leaves the follicle, the follicle develops into something called the corpus luteum. The corpus luteum releases a hormone that helps thicken the lining of your uterus, getting it ready for the egg. The Egg Travels to the Fallopian Tube After the egg is released, it moves into the Fallopian tube. It stays there for about 24 hours, waiting for a single sperm to fertilize it. All this happens, on average, about 2 weeks after your last period.

Ellis demonstrates the need to drop the tip of the needle when withdrawing medication from a vial.

#NCLEX #NewGrad #ClinicalSkills #HESI #Kaplan #ATI #NursingSchool #NursingStudent⁠ #Nurse #RN #PN #Education #LPN #NurseEducator #lvn

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Anytime you're having unprotected sex, there's always a chance that a woman can get pregnant. Pregnancy requires sperm and egg to meet up together so a woman needs to be during her most fertile time of the month, which is usually 6 days out of the month; 5 days leading up to ovulation and on the day of ovulation. For most women, ovulation happens 12-16 days before her period's going to start. So a woman is usually most fertile for a week to a week and a half after her period has ended generally speaking, if you don't want to count each and every single day. So if you have unprotected intercourse during this time, then there's a high probability that a woman can get pregnant. Now, you mentioned that your girlfriend is supposed to start her period in about five days or so. If you've had intercourse any time leading up to this, there's always a chance that she could get pregnant. But as for the mechanics of it all, in order to get pregnant, semen needs to be inserted inside the vaginal canal where the egg and sperm can then meet. So if that did not happen, then the chances of her getting pregnant are slim. But if that has happened, the chances of her getting pregnant are great. So it would be best for you and her to just wait until her period is supposed to start and if she's late, then take an over-the-counter pregnancy test and if it's positive, congratulations to both of you! If it's negative and she still doesn't start her period, then tell her to wait about 5-7 days. Take another test and then maybe at that point, it will be positive if she is indeed pregnant. If she continues to not have a period or she's concerned about anything, it would be best for her to follow up with her doctor and they can decide if further investigation or treatment is warranted. If you have any other questions for me, feel free to ask them on our Facebook page at facebook.com/intermountainmoms and recommend us to your friends and family, too.

GALS Screening Examination

Ganglion Cyst Removal

Meet Toby, the baby who was born premature at 24 weeks. He may be small, but he's definitely a fighter! Share his story.

If you have a blocked artery, your doctor may need to open the blockage and restore blood flow using a small mesh tube called a stent. The stent is inserted in your artery during an angioplasty procedure. Until now, stents were permanent. Now there is a fully dissolving stent available to treat blockages.

Clonidine lowers blood pressure by decreasing the levels of certain chemicals in your blood. This allows your blood vessels to relax and your heart to beat more slowly and easily. The Catapres brand of clonidine is used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). The Kapvay brand is used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Clonidine is sometimes given with other medications

Drainage of a maxillary Sinus pyocoele

Ear Examination ENT is often a challenging examination, crossing over with the cranial nerve examination of the vestibular cochlear exam as well at other neurological assessments of balance

Here we will review the ear examination, looking both at the use of the otoscope, but also the Dix-Hallpike Manoeuvre, along with HINTS assessment. the Webers and Rinne's test is also included to determine types of hearing loss.

Often these ear examination techniques are performed separately, depending on the patients presenting complaint

#EARExamination #DrGill #ClinicalSkills

Tongue and lip-tie are common causes of nipple pain, uneven breast drainage, slow weight gain and low milk supply. Many physicians do not properly assess for tongue or lip-tie or recognize their impact on the breastfeeding relationship, leaving babies vulnerable to early weaning. Ultrasound studies have shown that the tongue movements used by tongue-tied babies are qualitatively different from those used by by babies who are not tongue-tied. These movements are not as effective at removing milk from the breast and can cause significant pain and nipple damage. In these studies, tongue-tied babies also did not draw the nipple as deeply into the mouth as babies who were not tongue-tied.

For blunt trauma patients lying supine, drains should be placed anteriorly in the chest. This pevents a tension pneumothorax developing if the chest tube is blocked by dependent lung tissue. Normal movement of the lungs will allow drainage of a basal haemothorax through an anterior chest tube

Old Blister Popping

Acanthosis Nigricans Insulin Resistance