a video showing fiberoptic laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy

Pediatric Lumbar puncture

How to Start an IV Like a Pro (Nursing Skills)

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In our Nursing Skills course, we show you the most common and most important skills you will use as a nurse! We included everything from bed baths, to inserting a foley, to advanced skills like chest tube management.

How to Start an IV Like a Pro (Nursing Skills):
This video covers the nursing skill of starting an IV. Here are some tips and tricks to hit that vein every time!

Bookmarks:
0:07 Introduction to starting an IV
0:32 First steps/ Locating a good vein
1:03 Preparing supplies
1:59 Tourniquet replacement
2:11 Cleaning the site
2:26 Inspecting the angiocath
2:46 How to insert the angiocath
3:19 Stabilizing the catheter
3:53 Dressing the catheter
4:19 Labeling the dressing
4:25 Sharps and trash disposal
4:34 Closing words of inspiration

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Three to five years after gastric bypass surgery, some patients start to regain weight because the size of their stoma (the opening at the bottom of the stomach pouch) or their stomach pouch itself has increased. This can keep you from feeling full after small meals.

To resolve this problem, our surgeons use new surgical tools to create and suture folds into the pouch, reducing its volume and at the stoma to decrease its diameter. The surgeon performs the procedure entirely through the mouth -- inserting an endoscope under heavy sedation -- so there are no external incisions into the body.

Neer's Sign

Retinitis pigmentosa is a rare, inherited degenerative eye disease that causes severe vision impairment. Symptoms often begin in childhood. They include decreased vision at night or in low light and loss of side vision (tunnel vision). There's no effective treatment for this condition. Wearing sunglasses may help protect remaining vision.

Stem-cell therapy is the use of stem cells to treat or prevent a disease or condition. Bone marrow transplant is the most widely used stem-cell therapy, but some therapies derived from umbilical cord blood are also in use...

One thing we do know: We can live without it, without apparent consequences. Appendicitis is a medical emergency that requires prompt surgery to remove the appendix. Left untreated, an inflamed appendix will eventually burst, or perforate, spilling infectious materials into the abdominal cavity.

Continuous Suture

Hepatitis B is a serious disease caused by a virus that attacks the liver. The virus, which is called hepatitis B virus (HBV), can cause lifelong infection, cirrhosis (scarring) of the liver, liver cancer, liver failure, and death. Hepatitis B vaccine is available for all age groups to prevent HBV infection.

Have you ever wondered if your toothbrush bristles are too hard or soft or whether or not it even mattered? Contrary to popular belief, the extra soft or soft bristle option is the best choice you can make when it comes to selecting your bristle. The soft bristles are gentler on the gums and because of their delicate nature, it’s easier for them to glide in between teeth. Using hard or medium bristles increases your risk of receding gums and also heightens tooth sensitivity, since you are wearing down the enamel on your teeth with the rough nature. Schedule a dental appointment now to learn more! visit : https://www.urbndental.com/

A brief demonstration of the different types of epileptic seizures based on the International Classification of Epileptic Seizures.

Common causes of the knee pain
Knee pain is very common and in this video we will present the most common problems that can cause pain in the knee. (Patella) itself, which is in front of the knee, or from the tendons that are attached to the kneecap (patellar tendon and quadricep tendon). One of the most common problems is patellar chondromalacia which is chronic pain due to the softening of the cartilage beneath the kneecap. The cartilage of the kneecap will have some erosions, defects, or holes from mild to complete inside the joint (exactly in the back of the kneecap).
• Pain in the front of the knee
• Occurs more in young people
• Becomes worse from climbing up stairs and going downstairs
Treatment is usually nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication, physical therapy, and surgery is very rare. Also in front of the kneecap, the patient may get pain due to prepatellar bursitis.
When there is prepatellar bursitis, the patient will see that the swelling, the inflammation, and the pain is located over the front of the kneecap. The bursa becomes inflamed and fills with fluid at the top of the knee, causing pain, swelling, tenderness and a lump in that area on top of the kneecap. If the pain is in front of the knee but below or above the patella, this may indicate that the patient has tendonitis. Patellar tendonitis is an overuse condition that often occurs in athletes who perform repetitive jumping activities. Patellar tendonitis is a knee pain that is associated with focal patellar tendon tenderness and it is usually activity related. It is located below the kneecap and is called "jumper's knee". Patellar tendonitis affects approximately 20% of jumping athletes. There will be tenderness to palpation at the distal pole of the patella in extension and not in flexion. Quadriceps inflexibility, atrophy and hamstring tightness are predisposing factors for this condition. Treatment is rest, anti-inflammatory medication, stretching and strengthening of the hamstrings and quadriceps. Use an eccentric exercise program. The early stages of patellar tendonitis will respond well to nonoperative treatment. Another important cause of knee pain is a meniscal tear. The meniscus is the cushion that protects the cartilage in the knee. Injury will cause pain on the medial or the lateral side of the knee exactly at the level of the joint. The patient will complain of a history of locking, instability and swelling of the knee. McMurray test will be positive. A painful pop or click is obtained as the knee is brought from flexion to extension with either internal or external rotation of the knee. Arthritis of the knee Knee arthritis is very common. The cartilage cells die with age and its repair response decreases in the joint collapses with increased breakdown of the framework of the cartilage. The patient will have progressive blurring away of the cartilage of the joint with decreased joint space as seen on x-rays. Another source of pain is the Baker's cyst. The cyst is in the back of the knee between the semimembranosus yes and the medial gastrocnemius muscles. Another important source of knee pain is a ligament injury. Here is a normal knee without a ligament injury. Here you can see from the front, you can see the lateral and medial collateral ligament. You can see the ACL and PCL from the side view. These ligaments are usually injured as a result of a sports activity. Here is an example of a sports knee injury. Here is an example of the medial collateral ligament injury. This is the most commonly injury knee ligament injury to this ligament is on the inner part of the knee. Here is an example of an injury of the anterior cruciate ligament. It involves a valgus stress to the knee. Lachman test is usually positive, and MRI is diagnostic. Another important cause of knee pain is iliotibial band syndrome of the knee. Inflammation of the thickening of the iliotibial band results from excessive friction as the iliotibial band slides over the lateral femoral condyle. The iliotibial band is a thick band of fascia that extends along the lateral thigh from the iliac crest to the knee. And as the knee moves, the IT band was repeatedly shifted forwards and backwards across the lateral femoral condyle. The patient will complain of swelling, tenderness, and crepitus over the lateral femoral condyle. The condition occurs in the ITB S occurs in runners, cyclist and athletes that require repeated knee flexion and extension. The pain may be reproduced by doing a single-leg squat. The Ober's test is used to at assess tightness of the iliotibial band. MRI may show edema in the area of the ITB. Treatment is usually nonoperative with rest and ice, physical therapy, with stretching, proprioception, and improvement in neuromuscular coordination. Training modification and injections may be helpful. Surgery is a last resort. Surgical excision of the scarred inflamed part of the iliotibial band.

Gynecology 3D Animation

M. D. Anderson Cancer Center provides a basic education on cancer.

Frostbite is an injury caused by freezing of the skin and underlying tissues. First your skin becomes very cold and red, then numb, hard and pale. Frostbite is most common on the fingers, toes, nose, ears, cheeks and chin. Exposed skin in cold, windy weather is most vulnerable to frostbite. But frostbite can occur on skin covered by gloves or other clothing. Frostnip, the first stage of frostbite, doesn't cause permanent skin damage. You can treat very mild frostbite with first-aid measures, including rewarming your skin. All other frostbite requires medical attention because it can damage skin, tissues, muscle and bones. Possible complications of severe frostbite include infection and nerve damage.

Many people report that inversion table therapy is a great way to stretch muscles and ligaments, reduce muscle spasms, and improve circulation. Stretching stimulates the lymph glands to increase the flow of lymphatic fluids; part of the body's waste disposal system. Similarly, cellular health depends on good blood circulation to deliver nourishment and remove waste. Inversion table therapy also helps to relieve motion sickness and stress. In addition, the body becomes more aware of its spatial orientation and balance when the inner ear is stimulated during inversion. Plus, it is not necessary for the body to be positioned completely upside down to gain benefits from inversion therapy! Unlike antigravity boots used with an inversion rack, an adjustable inversion table offers the flexibility to choose the most comfortable angle. Dialogue with Your Doctor Like anything that can affect your health, talk to your doctor before you start using an inversion table. This is important because certain medications and health conditions may make using an inversion table unsafe. Your doctor may recommend against inversion table therapy if you have obesity, a detached retina, fracture, glaucoma, heart condition (circulatory problem), hernia, implanted device, middle ear or eye infection, osteoporosis, are pregnant, or have a spinal injury. There may be other medical conditions not listed that your doctor may view as a contraindication.

The most popular and one of the principal stains in histology is hematoxylin and eosin stain. It gives us an overview of the tissue and its structure. Hematoxylin binds with basophilic structures – for example DNA and RNA. So we can observe nuclei stained in blue or purple color. Eosin binds to acidophilic substances such as positively charged amino acid side chains. So as the result cytoplasm is pink or orange. All samples in laboratory are stained with H&E. There are several different types of hematoxylins and eosins used in histology which will give us different results.

In this video you will see, how we stain slides with different types of hematoxylins and eosins. Finally, we will compare the results.

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Vaginal prolapse (also called vaginal vault prolapse) is quite common after a hysterectomy (surgery to remove the uterus), but not everyone who has a hysterectomy experiences POP. Without the uterine attachments to hold it up, the top of the vagina can drop into the vaginal canal.