Retinitis pigmentosa is a rare, inherited degenerative eye disease that causes severe vision impairment. Symptoms often begin in childhood. They include decreased vision at night or in low light and loss of side vision (tunnel vision).

Sickle cell anemia is an inherited form of anemia: This is a condition in which there aren't enough healthy red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen throughout your body. Normally, your red blood cells are flexible and round, moving easily through your blood vessels. In sickle cell anemia, the red blood cells become rigid and sticky and are shaped like sickles or crescent moons. These irregularly shaped cells can get stuck in small blood vessels, which can slow or block blood flow and oxygen to parts of the body. There's no cure for most people with sickle cell anemia. However, treatments can relieve pain and help prevent further problems associated with sickle cell anemia.

Purpose: To evaluate the results of LASIK and IntraLASIK treatment in myopic patients with nystagmus. Methods: Eight patients with congenital nystagmus (16 eyes), from 23 to 49 years of age, underwent LASIK surgery. Corneal flaps were created using either the Hansatome microkeratome or the Intral...ase femtosecond laser. The ablations were performed with the Bausch & Lomb excimer laser with an active tracking system. In some patients, the eyes were fixated with forceps or a fixation ring during the laser ablation. Results: The refractive errors were corrected in all cases. There was no decentration or loss of best corrected visual acuity greater than 1 line. In 56% of the eyes, the post-operative uncorrected visual acuity was better than the best spectacle corrected-visual acuity (BSCVA). 62.5% of the eyes improved their BSCVA. The overall visual performance was improved in all the patients. One patient that did not not drive before become eligible to get a driver license after the surgery. Conclusions: Selected patients with myopia and congenital nystagmus may benefit from laser refractive surgery. Laser refractive surgery may be safely and accurately performed by using either the Hansatome microkeratome or the Intralase femtosecond laser and an active tracking system with or without mechanical fixation. Certain patients improve their BSCVA post-operatively.

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Hold your elbows at shoulder level and place the backs of your hands together with your wrists bent at 90 degrees. This position increases the pressure on the median nerve. If the test reproduces or worsens your symptoms (pain and tingling in your hands), you may have carpal tunnel syndrome.

http://www.highimpact.com - This brain surgery animation was used to demonstrate a young girl's craniotomy, cranioplasty, and reconstructive skull surgery after her vehicle was struck by a tractor-trailer. The procedures included the evacuation of a large epidural hematoma, the draining of the epidural space, and the reassembly of bone fragments to repair the skull.

More Brain Surgery Animations: https://tinyurl.com/y6m4lkdf

WHAT HAPPENED

A teenage girl was riding home with her parents and boyfriend from a Wednesday night church service when a tractor-trailer struck the back driver’s side of their car as they were traveling through an intersection. The impact sent the car spinning into oncoming traffic where it struck another vehicle. When paramedics arrived, the 17-year-old was unresponsive with bleeding from her left ear and a laceration from behind her left ear.

She was rushed to the hospital where she underwent a series of CT scans that showed a severely comminuted open skull fracture with an underlying 1.1 cm subdural hematoma. She was taken to the operating room where an emergency craniotomy was performed to evacuate the hematoma and reassemble the skull fragments. The patient gradually began to wake up and was discharged six days later, after she showed she could maneuver up and down the hallway.

The biggest challenge in a traumatic brain injury case like this - where most of the damages are deeply underlying and undetectable on the surface - is that the only visual evidence is in the form of 2D black-and-white radiographic films. This can look ambiguous to the typical juror because it’s often difficult to discern where these snapshots are located inside the person’s skull. Tony Seaton, Esq., and Robert Bates, Esq., needed to reinforce this 2D radiographic evidence with maximum 3D context.

We equipped them with a custom Diagnostic Slice Chooser: an interactive presentation that presents radiographic slides within a three-dimensional model of the patient’s head. We also designed the model accurately to the patient’s likeness and colorized the films to highlight key areas of damage. The attorneys could show the complete depth and magnitude of his client’s injuries at every level both before and after the surgery. After establishing the full extent of damages, we also created an animation to walk viewers through the surgical experience the patient would undergo as a result of her injuries.

The visual presentation helped jurors understand the destructive impact this collision had on this young teenager’s life, and Mr. Seaton and Mr. Bates, Esq., were able to acquire a $4.5M settlement for his client.

Read the Full Case Study: https://tinyurl.com/yy4v2dyh

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Total Hip Replacement Animation

Identify the anatomy and explain the physiology of the scrotum on diagrams and sonograms.

Describe and demonstrate the protocol for sonographic scanning of the scrotum.

Identify and describe sonographic images of congenital abnormalities of the scrotum.

Identify and describe sonographic images of pathologies of the scrotum.

Identify and describe sonographic images of extratesticular disease processes.

Identify the anatomy and explain the physiology of the prostate on diagrams and sonograms.

Describe and demonstrate the protocol for transabdominal and endorectal sonographic scanning of the prostate.

Identify and describe sonographic images of benign and malignant pathologies of the prostate, including benign hyperplasia, prostatitis, carcinoma, and calculi.

Explain the technique for prostate biopsy.

Define the criteria for an ultrasound appearance of prostate tumor staging.

Explain the technique for radiation seed implantation.

Explain the Patient Privacy Rule (HIPAA) and Patient Safety Act (see reference).

Cell Organelles in 3D

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EKG Interpretation Part 3

This is a diabetic foot ulcer. The patient reportedly went on vacation and noticed this ulcer upon their return. Debridement (removal of damaged tissue) to the level of healthy bleeding tissue is medically necessary as damaged tissue acts an impediment to wound healing. Due to their diabetic neuropathy, they did not feel any pain or indication that a wound was forming. This ulcer appeared to have penetrated to the level of subcutaneous tissue or even fascia, but turned out to be much deeper than that. These are serious wounds and are the beginnings of what lead to foot and leg amputations if they are not treated promptly by your healthcare provider, AKA Podiatrist.

The gold standard treatment for bladder outlet obstruction.This is an endoscopic procedure in which a resectoscope is placed transurethrally and the obstructing lobes of the prostate are removed as chips of tissue. TURP results in improvement of flow rate, and symptom scores are superior to that of other minimally invasive therapies

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Foley Catheter Insertion

Rehabilitation time for a meniscus repair is about 3 months. A meniscectomy requires less time for healing — approximately 3 to 4 weeks. Meniscus tears are extremely common knee injuries. With proper diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation, patients often return to their pre-injury abilities.

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