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Childbirth (also called labour, birth, partus or parturition) is the culmination of a human pregnancy or gestation period with the birth of one or more newborn infants from a woman's uterus. The process of normal human childbirth is categorized in three stages of labour: the shortening and dilation of the cervix, descent and birth of the infant, and birth of the placenta. In many cases, with increasing frequency, childbirth is achieved through caesarean section, the removal of the neonate through a surgical incision in the abdomen, rather than through vaginal birth. In the U.S. and Canada it represents nearly 1 in 3 (31.8%) and 1 in 4 (22.5%) of all childbirths, respectively.
A breech birth is the birth of a baby from a breech presentation. In the breech presentation the baby enters the birth canal with the buttocks or feet first as opposed to the normal head first presentation.
There are either three or four main categories of breech births, depending upon the source:
* Frank breech - the baby's bottom comes first, and his or her legs are flexed at the hip and extended at the knees (with feet near the ears). 65-70% of breech babies are in the frank breech position.
* Complete breech - the baby's hips and knees are flexed so that the baby is sitting crosslegged, with feet beside the bottom.
* Footling breech - one or both feet come first, with the bottom at a higher position. This is rare at term but relatively common with premature fetuses.
* Kneeling breech - the baby is in a kneeling position, with one or both legs extended at the hips and flexed at the knees. This is extremely rare, and is excluded from many classifications.
As in labour with a baby in a normal head-down position, uterine contractions typically occur at regular intervals and gradually cause the cervix to become thinner and to open. In the more common breech presentations, the baby’s bottom (rather than feet or knees) is what is first to descend through the maternal pelvis and emerge from the vagina.
At the beginning of labour, the baby is generally in an oblique position, facing either the right or left side of the mother's back. As the baby's bottom is the same size in the term baby as the baby's head. Descent is thus as for the presenting fetal head and delay in descent is a cardinal sign of possible problems with the delivery of the head.
In order to begin the birth, internal rotation needs to occur. This happens when the mother's pelvic floor muscles cause the baby to turn so that it can be born with one hip directly in front of the other. At this point the baby is facing one of the mother's inner thighs. Then, the shoulders follow the same path as the hips did. At this time the baby usually turns to face the mother's back. Next occurs external rotation, which is when the shoulders emerge as the baby’s head enters the maternal pelvis. The combination of maternal muscle tone and uterine contractions cause the baby’s head to flex, chin to chest. Then the back of the baby's head emerges and finally the face.
Due to the increased pressure during labour and birth, it is normal for the baby's leading hip to be bruised and genitalia to be swollen. Babies who assumed the frank breech position in utero may continue to hold their legs in this position for some days after birth.
Doctor Ricky Brown reacts to this surgery simulation of an inguinal hernia repair where they repair the hernia sack and create a mesh for the organ to comfortably rest on.
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A computed tomography (CT) scan uses a special X-ray machine to take detailed pictures of the body’s organs and tissues. In a biopsy, a small piece of tissue is removed from your body. This tissue sample is then examined in the lab. A needle biopsy is the safest and easiest way to remove this tissue safely from the body. To do a needle biopsy, the radiologist will insert a needle through your skin and into your tissue. A syringe or an automated needle may be used to take the tissue sample.
Symptoms of depression in women include: Persistent sad, anxious, or "empty" mood. Loss of interest or pleasure in activities, including sex. Restlessness, irritability, or excessive crying. Feelings of guilt, worthlessness, helplessness, hopelessness, pessimism. Sleeping too much or too little, early-morning awakening.
Contact us to find out more http://www.londonvisionclinic.com/contact-us/ Glenn Carp talks about how both distance and some of the reading can be treated via laser eye surgery for hyperopia
Watch to learn more about what happens during a stent procedure.
More information about this procedure and other heart care at BJC: https://www.bjc.org/Services/M....edical-Services/angi
Ever heard medical terms like MRI or EKG? Funny speaker for nurses and doctors and all-around healthcare speaker Dr. Brad Nieder discusses the funny medical jargon he's encountered during his medical career.
He jokes about medical acronyms and big healthcare terms. His funny medical humor makes the conference attendees burst with laughter and he reads the medical definition for "laugh."
As an experienced physician and keynote speaker, he's perfect for any in-person or virtual conference or event. He's also a great healthcare speaker to bring in for continuing medical education (cme) units!
Learn more about Brad's keynote and virtual speaking, and book him for your next conference or virtual event: https://www.HealthyHumorist.com
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Brad Nieder, MD, CSP*
The Healthy Humorist
Doctor, Keynote Speaker, Clean Comedian
*CSP=Certified Speaking Professional
"Medical Lingo"
From the DVD "The Healthy Humorist in Orlando: Laughter is the Best Medicine"
http://drraewynteirney.com.au/video/
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Dr Raewyn Teirney - fertility specialist and Gynaecologist in Sydney shows a video recording of a laparoscopy for a woman with infertility and pelvic pain.