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Aplastic anemia is a hematopoietic disorder caused due to T lymphocyte mediated destruction of stem cells resulting in pancytopenia with a cellular bone marrow and normal cell cytogenetics. The causes of aplastic anaemia may be inherited or acquired. The causes and the diagnostic approach, along with spectrum of severity of this disorder is discussed in this presentation. A detailed discussion of the management options, along with pharmacological therapy and supportive therapy in these cases is also discussed. The treatment options include, in addition to a stem cell transplant, anti-thymocyte globulin, cyclosporine, methyprednisolone and eltrombopag (for patients who have failed treatment on combined modality therapy with ATG and cyclosporine)
Alpha blockers relax certain muscles and help small blood vessels remain open. They work by keeping the hormone norepinephrine (noradrenaline) from tightening the muscles in the walls of smaller arteries and veins, which causes the vessels to remain open and relaxed. This improves blood flow and lowers blood pressure.
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt or transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunting (commonly abbreviated as TIPS or TIPSS) is an artificial channel within the liver that establishes communication between the inflow portal vein and the outflow hepatic vein.
A pulmonary embolism (PE) usually happens when a blood clot called a deep vein thrombosis (DVT), often in your leg, travels to your lungs and blocks a blood vessel. That leads to low oxygen levels in your blood. It can damage the lung and other organs and cause heart failure, too. A PE can be life-threatening, so if you've been diagnosed with DVT, you should be aware of this risk. Follow the treatment plan for your DVT to stop the clot from getting bigger and to keep new clots from forming. Symptoms and Diagnosis PE won't always cause symptoms. You might have: Chest pain, which may get worse with a deep breath Sudden shortness of breath or rapid breathing Fast heartbeat Sudden cough Coughing up blood Lightheadedness or fainting Anxiety Call 911 if you notice these symptoms. They could also be symptoms of a heart attack, pneumonia, or other serious problems.
Epidermoid cysts, also called sebaceous, keratin, or epithelial cysts, are small, hard lumps that develop under the skin. These cysts are common. They grow slowly. They do not cause other symptoms and are nearly never cancerous. Epidermoid cysts are often found on the face, head, neck, back, or genitals