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A Cesarean section (C-section) is surgery to deliver a baby. The baby is taken out through the mother's abdomen. In the United States, almost one in three women has their babies this way. Some C-sections are planned, but many are done when unexpected problems happen during delivery. Reasons for a C-section may include Health problems in the mother The mother carrying more than one baby The size or position of the baby The baby's health is in danger Labor is not moving along as it should
This video is really sad. You can literally watch this man dying. He was shot in the chest and rushed to the emergency room. His heart has stopped beating or has arrested. As a last resort, surgeons did an extreme procedure called an open thoracotomy which is that crazy tool you see there that basically splits the ribs open and allows easy open access to the heart. They did this so they could give him a cardiac massage. A cardiac massage is when surgeons are manually trying to pump the heart after it has stopped working on its own (cardiac arrest). Unfortunately he lost so much blood from his gun shot wound and he was pronounced dead. There are cases of patients surviving after having this kind of invasive resuscitation but it is rare.
© 2023 Elsevier. All rights reserved. Histologically the cervix is different from the rest of the uterus and also has a mucosa that doesn’t shed during menstruation.
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The most reliable clinical sign to detect ascites is checking for bilateral flank dullness. If a patient with ascites is lying supine, fluid accumulates in the flank regions, leading to dullness on percussion. At the same time, the air-filled bowel loops are forced upwards by the free fluid due to buoyancy, resulting in tympanitic percussion. To locate specifically where dullness shifts to tympany, or the air-fluid level, percussion should be performed from the sides towards the middle. To confirm that the dullness is caused by ascites, ask the patient to switch to a lateral decubitus position. If ascites is present, the air-filled bowel loops will shift accordingly and remain at the surface of the fluid. As a result, the air-fluid level will shift as well. This is known as shifting dullness.
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This patient presented to the ER for umbilical pain and had a history of umbilical hernia. He was concerned about the possibility of incarceration of the hernia.
In this video we explain how the clinical exam helps to differentiate a simple painful hernia from an incarcerated one.
***Thanks to the patient for sharing his history and exam with YouTube world***
Paget's disease of bone disrupts your body's normal bone recycling process, in which old bone tissue is gradually replaced with new bone tissue. Over time, the affected bones may become fragile and misshapen. Paget's disease of bone most commonly occurs in the pelvis, skull, spine and legs.
Shoulder Clinical Examination - Medical School Clinical Skills - Dr Gill
Personally, I find the shoulder examination the most complex examination possibly as there are so many variations and special tests. Some of which overlap and some will relate specifically to a patients presentation.
Often in a medical school syllabus, only select special tests will be used. In this shoulder exam demonstration, we include the Hawkins-Kennedy Test looking for impingement. This is dovetailed with examination for bicipital tendonitis as this is another possible cause of impingement type symptoms.
This shoulder upper limb exam follows the standard "Look, Feel, Move" orthopaedic exam approach, and overall order as set out in MacLeods Clinical Examination
Watch further orthopaedic examinations for your OSCE revision:
The Spine Examination:
https://youtu.be/pJxMHa6SCgU
Knee Examination
https://youtu.be/oyKH4EYfJDM
Hip Joint Clinical Examination
https://youtu.be/JC9GKq5nSdQ
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Please note that there is no ABSOLUTE way to perform a clinical examination. Different institutions and even clinicians will have differing degrees of variations - the aim is the effectively identify medically relevant signs.
However during OSCE assessments. Different medical schools, nursing colleges, and other health professional courses will have their own preferred approach to a clinical assessment - you should concentrate on THEIR marks schemes for your assessments.
The examination demonstrated here is derived from Macleods Clinical Examination - a recognized standard textbook for clinical skills.
#ShoulderExamination #ClinicalSkills #DrGill
A VCUG (Voiding Cystourethrogram) is a test that looks at how well your child's kidneys, ureters and bladder are working. Your child's kidneys make urine. The urine flows from the kidneys through thin tubes (called ureters) into your child's bladder.