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Fertilization of the egg with sperm generally occurs during the two weeks following the first day of your last menstrual period.1 The week of pregnancy that you are entering is dated from the first day of your last period. This means that in the first two weeks or so, you are not actually pregnant - your body will be preparing for ovulation as normal.

A Pap smear (Papanicolau smear; also known as the Pap test) is a screening test for cervical cancer. The test itself involves collection of a sample of cells from a woman's cervix (the end of the uterus that extends into the vagina) during a routine pelvic exam

An animated walkthrough of a vaginal delivery, showing how childbirth progresses stage by stage. Educational only — not medical advice.

Breast Exam Demonstration

Watch that video to know How to Insert Enema

This educational video demonstrates how a female (internal) condom is used, including correct placement and removal, and its role in reducing the risk of sexually transmitted infections and pregnancy. Adult health information only. Educational only — not medical advice.

This video is a patient-testimonial interview about recovery after a mesh-free Desarda inguinal hernia repair in India. The patient, who travelled from Los Angeles, explains why he wished to avoid mesh and describes being active again within days, in the clinic's own presentation. The recovery account and its claims are the patient's and clinic's own.

Not every woman undergoes a traditional vaginal delivery with the birth of her child. Under conditions of fetal or maternal distress, or in the case of breech presentation (when a baby is turned feet first at the time of delivery), or if the woman’s first baby was born by cesarean delivery, a procedure called a cesarean section may be required. During a cesarean, a doctor will make either a lateral incision in the skin just above the pubic hair line, or a vertical incision below the navel. As the incision is made, blood vessels are cauterized to slow bleeding. After cutting through the skin, fat, and muscle of the abdomen, the membrane that covers the internal organs is opened, exposing the bladder and uterus. At this time the physician will generally insert his or her hands into the pelvis in order to determine the position of the baby and the placenta. Next, an incision is made into the uterus and any remaining fluids are suctioned from the uterus. The doctor then enlarges the incision with his or her fingers. The baby’s head is then grasped and gently pulled with the rest of its body from the mother’s uterus. Finally, the abdominal layers are sewn together in the reverse order that they were cut. The mother is allowed to recover for approximately three to five days in the hospital. She will also be quite sore and restricted from activity for the following several weeks. There are several potential complications associated with this procedure that should be discussed with a doctor prior to surgery.

Bartholin gland Marsupialization in Primary Bartholin Cyst

This surgical video shows a cesarean delivery, the operation in which a baby is delivered through incisions in the mother's abdomen and uterus. The recording documents the procedure in the operating room, presented for medical education. Cesarean delivery is one of the most common operations worldwide.

A video from Physical Exam Series of Loyola University Health System, Chicago showing the medical examination of the abdomen

In this video, Jenna talks about Braxton Hicks contractions and preparing for labor.

This educational video reviews the health considerations of anal sex, including tissue injury and infection risks and how they are reduced, in clinical terms. Adult health information only. Educational only — not medical advice.

Labia minoraplasty is an elective procedure that can reduce the size and reshape the inner vaginal lips. Large or asymmetrical labia minora can leave you feeling self-conscience in tight clothing or during intimacy. Long labia may result in rubbing, irritation or discomfort during intercourse and exercise. Certain skin conditions can cause increased sensitivity or tearing of the labia minora. In some cases, the labia minora may be fused with tissue in the labia majora and require medical correction.

Orthotopic heart transplantation — replacing a failing heart with a donor heart — is summarized in this cardiothoracic surgery video. It outlines the main stages of the operation, from preparing the donor organ to completing the transplant. An overview resource for students of cardiac surgery. Educational only — not medical advice.

This surgical video explains hemorrhoid repair surgery, the operation used to remove enlarged and symptomatic hemorrhoids. The recording presents what the procedure involves in an educational format for general viewers and patients. Hemorrhoids are swollen veins in the lower rectum and anus.

An educational video showing how forceps are used to assist delivery during childbirth, and when clinicians choose them. Educational only — not medical advice.

This educational video discusses conception — the timing of intercourse around ovulation and the general factors that affect the chance of pregnancy. General information only. Educational only — not medical advice; speak with your own clinician about personal fertility concerns.

The majority of fetuses are in a breech presentation early in pregnancy. By week 38th week of gestation, however, the fetus normally turns to a cephalic presentation. Although the fetal head is the widest single diameter, the fetus’s buttocks [ breech], plus the lower extremities, actually takes up more space. The fundus, being the largest part of the uterus, probably accounts for the fact that in approximately 97% of all pregnancies, the fetus turns so that the buttocks and lower extremities are in the fundus. Vaginal delivery of a breech presentation requires great skill if the fetus is not to be damaged. With the low rate of vaginal breech deliveries in the developed world, experience is being lost. 6% of women with breech presentation still have a vaginal breech delivery as they present too late - so units need to retain a high level of preparedness. Types of breech presentation: I. Complete breech [ flexed breech]: The fetal attitude is one of complete flexion, with hips and knees both flexed and the feet tucked in beside the buttocks. The presenting part consists of two buttocks, external genitalia and two feet. It is commonly present in multiparae. II. Incomplete breech: This is due to varying degrees of extension of thighs or legs at podalic pole. Three varieties are possible; - Breech with extended legs [ frank breech ]: The breech presents with the hips flexed and legs extended on the abdomen. 70% of breech presentations are of this type and it is particularly common in primigravidae whose good uterine muscle tone inhibits flexion of the legs and free turning of the fetus. - Footling breech: This is rare. One or both feet present because neither hips nor knees are fully flexed. The feet are lower than the buttocks, which distinguishes it from the complete breech. - Knee presentation: This is very rare. Thighs are extended but the knees are flexed, bringing the knees down to present at the brim.

Successful External Cephalic Version (ECV) - Turning a breech baby in less than 30 seconds!