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LASIK, or "laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis," is the most commonly performed laser eye surgery to treat myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism. The goal of the treatment is to reshape the cornea to correct the refractive error of the eye.
The cornea is the transparent dome-shaped structure in front of the eye. The cornea refracts light and accounts for about two-thirds of the eye's total optical power. Altering the curvature of the cornea changes the way light rays enter the eye. As a result, the light rays can be focused properly onto the retina for clearer vision.
For nearsighted people, the laser is used to flatten the cornea. For farsighted people, the cornea is made steeper. For patients with astigmatism, the laser is used to smooth the irregularly-shaped cornea into a more regular shape.
The outer layer of the cornea - the epithelium – is capable of replacing itself within a few days after being damaged or removed. The deeper layer of the cornea – the stroma, on the contrary, is a permanent corneal tissue with very limited regenerative capacity. The stroma, if reshaped by a laser, will remain that way permanently.
In this procedure, a thin, circular "FLAP" is created in the surface of the cornea to gain access to the permanent corneal tissue. This can be done with a mechanical cutting tool called a microkeratome, OR, for a blade-free experience, by a femtosecond laser. An excimer laser is then used to remove some corneal tissue to reshape the cornea. Excimer laser uses cool ultraviolet light beams to vaporize microscopic amounts of tissue in a precise manner to accurately reshape the cornea. The excimer laser is computer-controlled and is programmed based on the patient’s refractive error. The flap is then laid back in place and is allowed to heal.
LASIK eye surgery is mostly painless and can be completed within minutes. Improved vision can usually be seen overnight.
PRK, or photorefractive keratectomy, was the first type of laser eye surgery for vision correction and is the predecessor to the popular LASIK procedure. In PRK, NO flap is created. Rather, the epithelial cells on the eye surface are simply removed. An excimer laser is then used to reshape the cornea just like it does in LASIK.
The vision correction outcomes of PRK surgery are comparable to those of LASIK, but the recovery period is longer. This is because the epithelium is completely removed in PRK and it takes a few days to regenerate. PRK patients also have more discomfort and haziness of vision in the first few days after the surgery. Improved vision also takes longer to achieve.
PRK does, however, offer certain advantages. Because PRK does not involve creation of a flap, which contains both epithelial and deeper stromal tissue, the entire thickness of the stroma is available for treatment. The treatment range is therefore higher. This is particularly useful for patients with high levels of myopia or for those whose cornea is too thin for LASIK. PRK is also free of flap-related complication risks.
Dr. Leo Maguire, a Mayo Clinic ophthalmologist, explains how laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) eye surgery can correct common vision problems.
This interview originally aired Jan. 26, 2019.
To learn more about LASIK surgery, visit: https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/lasik-eye-surgery/about/pac-20384774?mc_id=us&utm_source=newsnetwork&utm_medium=l&utm_content=content&utm_campaign=mayoclinic&geo=national&placementsite=enterprise&cauid=100721&_ga=2.112234244.1227307149.1547427243-1780934405.1469629163
Porcelain gallbladder is a condition characterized by calcium salt deposits in the wall of a chronically inflamed gallbladder. The calcifications can be thin or faintly visible, or may be amorphous, patchy, and thick. The gallbladder is generally large, but its size can vary considerably. Most porcelain gallbladders are associated with gallstones. A plain radiograph generally detects these, but computed tomography (CT) has a higher specificity; therefore, a CT scan is performed to confirm the diagnosis. Due to their high risk of gallbladder carcinoma, all patients with porcelain gallbladder should have an elective cholecystectomy.
Are you seeking sinus, allergy, or nasal congestion relief? Nasal irrigation, also known as nasal rinsining, is your solution! Nasal Care's nasal irrigation system is an all-natural, simple, and easy sinus and allergy treatment that brings gentle and soothing sinus relief. Visit www.nasalcleanse.com to learn more about the safe, simple and all-natural relief you can experience with NasalCare's nasal irrigation system.
From our beginnings in 1990 in primary healthcare, Healthway Medical has grown to become a respected medical group in Singapore. With over 100 clinics and medical centres, Healthway Medical has a wide network of medical centres and clinics in Singapore.
We offer comprehensive services including GP & family medicine clinics, health screening, adult specialists, baby & child specialists, dental services and allied healthcare services.
Stapling is used to treat prolapsed hemorrhoids. A surgical staple fixes the prolapsed hemorrhoid back into place inside your rectum and cuts off the blood supply so that the tissue will shrink and be reabsorbed. Stapling recovery takes less time and is less painful than recovery from a hemorrhoidectomy.
In cataract surgery, the lens inside your eye that has become cloudy is removed and replaced with an artificial lens (called an intraocular lens, or IOL) to restore clear vision. The procedure typically is performed on an outpatient basis and does not require an overnight stay in a hospital or other care facility.
An estimated 12,500 spinal cord injuries occur in the U.S. every year, leaving the injured people, their friends, and their family, to cope with the aftermath of the catastrophe. For many, navigating the challenges of the health care system can feel a bit like going to medical school. Suddenly you're learning a veritable cornucopia of new terms, and may be spending endless hours Googling spinal cord anatomy to fill in the gaps in your knowledge. An educated patient is better equipped to advocate for his or her needs and interests. An education in spinal cord anatomy helps you understand what your doctor is saying, ask intelligent questions, and detect medical errors before they endanger your health.
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Aplastic anemia is a hematopoietic disorder caused due to T lymphocyte mediated destruction of stem cells resulting in pancytopenia with a cellular bone marrow and normal cell cytogenetics. The causes of aplastic anaemia may be inherited or acquired. The causes and the diagnostic approach, along with spectrum of severity of this disorder is discussed in this presentation. A detailed discussion of the management options, along with pharmacological therapy and supportive therapy in these cases is also discussed. The treatment options include, in addition to a stem cell transplant, anti-thymocyte globulin, cyclosporine, methyprednisolone and eltrombopag (for patients who have failed treatment on combined modality therapy with ATG and cyclosporine)