The spleen is one of the most frequently injured intraperitoneal organs, and management of splenic injuries may require splenectomy .. The spleen is an wedge-shaped organ that lies in relation to the ninth and 11th ribs, located in the left hypochondrium and partly in the epigastrium; thus, it is situated between the fundus of the stomach and the diaphragm. The spleen is highly vascular and reddish purple; its size and weight are variable. A normal spleen is not palpable. The spleen's key function is the removal of old red blood cells "RBCs", defective circulating cells, and circulating bacteria. In addition, the spleen helps maintain normal erythrocyte morphology by processing immature erythrocytes, removing their nuclei, and changing the shape of the cellular membrane. Other functions of the spleen include the removal of nuclear remnants of RBCs, denatured hemoglobin, and iron granules ..

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men (after skin cancer), but it can often be treated successfully. If you have prostate cancer or are close to someone who does, knowing what to expect can help you cope. Here you can find out all about prostate cancer, including risk factors, symptoms, how it is found, and how it is treated.

Fetal heart sound by sonique

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Alcohol not broken down by the liver goes to the rest of the body, including the brain. Alcohol can affect parts of the brain that control movement, speech, judgment, and memory. These effects lead to the familiar signs of drunkenness: difficulty walking, slurred speech, memory lapses, and impulsive behavior.

Endoscopy of Mammary Ducts with Micro-Endoscope called Mammary Ductoscopy. Indication:- Nipple Discharge. In this case Papilloma seen quite clearly. Biopsy can also be possible with Ductoscopy. Mammary Ductoscopy is very useful for diagnosis of Breast Cancer in early stage.

Complete medical examination of the liver

Abdominal Aorta Palpation

Medical examination of the abdomen from Loyola University, Chicago

Hepatitis A signs and symptoms, which typically don't appear until you've had the virus for a few weeks, may include: Fatigue Nausea and vomiting Abdominal pain or discomfort, especially in the area of your liver on your right side beneath your lower ribs Clay-colored bowel movements Loss of appetite Low-grade fever Dark urine Joint pain Yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice) If you have hepatitis A, you may have a mild illness that lasts a few weeks or a severe illness that lasts several months. Not everyone with hepatitis A develops signs or symptoms.

The goal of surgical clipping is to isolate an aneurysm from the normal circulation without blocking off any small perforating arteries nearby. Under general anesthesia, an opening is made in the skull, called a craniotomy. The brain is gently retracted to locate the aneurysm. A small clip is placed across the base, or neck, of the aneurysm to block the normal blood flow from entering. The clip works like a tiny coil-spring clothespin, in which the blades of the clip remain tightly closed until pressure is applied to open the blades. Clips are made of titanium and remain on the artery permanently.

Phlebitis may occur with or without a blood clot. It can affect surface or deep veins. When caused by a blood clot, it's called thrombophlebitis. Trauma to the vein, for instance from an IV catheter, is a possible cause. Symptoms include redness, warmth, and pain in the affected area. Treatments may include a warm compress, anti-inflammatory medication, compression stockings, and blood thinners.

Many mothers notice engorgement, or over-filled breasts, at some point or the other while they are breast-feeding their baby and it is especially common to experience when your baby is first born and you are just starting to make milk. So for the first couple of days you make colostrum and then 2-5 days later your milk comes in. And sometimes it comes in with a vengeance and all of the sudden you feel really full and it can be painful and very uncomfortable. Normally your milk supply will even out and start to work well with your babys demand, so it is kind of a supply and demand type of function, but until then, if you feel engorgement, there are a few things you can do to relieve it. If you are nursing your baby on demand this will usually help to self-regulate and most young babies want to eat every 2-3 hours and sometimes even every hour. So, basically, the more often your breasts are emptied the more relief you will feel. But on the same hand, the more you nurse the more milk your body will probably produce. This is why it is good to go off of your babys cues because then you will make what your baby needs and hopefully not much more. But if you are making more than your baby needs and you find that you are still full after feedings you will probably have to either manually express some milk or pump it off, so have a good pump available in case you need to, and if you don't, you can manually express the milk by gently massaging from the armpit down towards the nipple. And you can also try using heat prior to nursing your baby or pumping milk off and this will also help to relax things and help you to get the milk out. Take a warm shower and then feed your baby or use a warm compress.

Dealing with burns

Mitral Valve Prolapse and Mitral Regurgitation. Review of mitral valve anatomy and function, including papillary muscle structure and function, with severe mitral valve prolapse and mitral regurgitation due to a flail segment caused by ruptured papillary muscle and chorda tendinae attachment.

Pediatric Neurological Examination Introduction

Preventing Hemodialysis Catheters Problems

Macrolides Mechanisms of Action and Resistance

AZT Mechanism of Antiviral Activity

ADH's job is to act on the kidneys to promote water reabsorption. In this lesson, we'll compare and contrast diabetes insipidus, or DI, in which there is too little ADH, and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion , or SIADH, in which there is too much ADH.