CD4 T-cells (a type of white blood cell) are important to your body's defence against infections. This animation describes how your immune system is weakened by the HIV virus, which targets CD4 T-cells and leads to their gradual decline in number. Low to very low levels of CD4 cells put you at risk for 'opportunistic infections' that take advantage of the body's weakened immune system.

ADC was first identified early in the AIDS epidemic as a common and novel CNS syndrome.(4,5) The three components of the term, AIDS dementia complex embody central features of the condition. AIDS emphasizes its morbidity and poor prognosis, particularly when its severity is at stage 2 or greater (see Table 1), a severity comparable to other clinical AIDS-defining complications of HIV-1 infection. Dementia designates the acquired and persistent cognitive decline with preserved alertness that usually dominates the clinical presentation and determines its principal disability. Complex emphasizes that this disease not only impairs the intellect, but also concomitantly alters motor performance and, at times, behavior. This involvement of the nervous system beyond cognition is evidence of a wider involvement of the CNS than occurs in some other types of dementia such as Alzheimer's disease. Additionally, myelopathy may be an important, indeed predominating, aspect of ADC, and organic psychosis may also be a feature in a subset of patients (see Rheumatologic and Musculoskeletal Manifestations of HIV). These manifestations are therefore also encompassed within this term. By contrast, neither neuropathy nor functional psychiatric disturbance are included in ADC.

Pilonidal disease with lateral extension. Follicle removal (Bascon's technique)

There are twelve cranial nerves in total. The olfactory nerve (CN I) and optic nerve (CN II) originate from the cerebrum. Cranial nerves III – XII arise from the brain stem (Figure 1). They can arise from a specific part of the brain stem (midbrain, pons or medulla), or from a junction between two parts: Midbrain – the trochlear nerve (IV) comes from the posterior side of the midbrain. It has the longest intracranial length of all the cranial nerves. Midbrain-pontine junction – oculomotor (III). Pons – trigeminal (V). Pontine-medulla junction – abducens, facial, vestibulocochlear (VI-VIII). Medulla Oblongata – posterior to the olive: glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory (IX-XI). Anterior to the olive: hypoglossal (XII). The cranial nerves are numbered by their loca

The male reproductive system includes the scrotum, testes, spermatic ducts, sex glands, and penis. These organs work together to produce sperm, the male gamete, and the other components of semen.

Dialysis patients need to choose their heart medicine carefully, as Canadian researchers say that some beta blockers are easily removed from the blood during treatment. Also, people who eat a Mediterranean diet may decrease their risk of developing kidney problems. Eboni Williams reports on the day's top health news.

This video demonstrates the approach to a large base of tongue tumor, which was invading the ramus of the mandible. The procedure, named after Dr. Trotter, is really a median labiomandibuloglossotomy. In this case this poorly differentiated tumor was resected along with a portion of the floor of mouth. The entire area was reconstructed with a pectoralis major myocutaneous flap.

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Dr. Mike Evans is founder of the Health Design Lab at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, an Associate Professor of Family Medicine and Public Health at the University of Toronto, and a staff physician at St. Michael's Hospital.

Written and Narrated by Dr. Mike Evans
Executive Producer, Dr. Mike Evans
Illustrations by Liisa Sorsa
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©2014 Michael Evans and Reframe Health Films Inc.

Disordered Eater vs. Eating Disorder - What's the difference?

Cerclage is indicated in a patient with a history of painless cervical dilation and a second trimester loss. It is also indicated in a patient with a history of preterm birth and a short cervix found on ultrasound between 16-24 weeks gestation. Cerclage placement occurs after the first trimester in case the pregnancy is genetically abnormal and would likely result in a first trimester loss.

wide resection of giant cell tumor ,then strut grafting using free fibula graft,knowles pinning of the graft.

UCLA Hand Transplant Procedure

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Sildigra 100mg is a product that has one of the major active ingredients called sildenafil citrate.This medicine is employed for curing or treating erectile dysfunction in men. The ingredient contained in this product enhances blood flow to the male genital organ and makes it possible for them to achieve a hard erection sufficient for sensual intercourse.This product has a high dose of the product so if you are planning or if you have just begun taking ed then you should not go with this quantity directly. You can go with the lower dose then you can increase the quantity from time to time.This product is a very effective product when it comes to eliminating the problems of ed. Ed can last throughout your entire life so ensure that if you can opt for the medical treatment then you have to opt for it. You can take this medicine with or without food but keep in mind a fatty heavy meal can lower the effectiveness so you can take a light meal beforehand.This is not a day-based medicine so you should only take this before intercourse. You will be prescribed the necessary dosage by your doctor but you should only take one tablet for 24 hours. Drinking alcohol is not recommended before and after consuming this medicine since alcohol and a mix of this powerful ed medicine can lower your blood pressure levels to such a low state and it can be proved to be harmful to you.Buy Sildigra 100mg online at our web store https://www.firstchoicemedss.c....om/sildigra-100mg.ht

USMLE Step 2 CS - Numbness Weakness Full Video

See the War Inside Your Body

Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by overwhelming daytime drowsiness and sudden attacks of sleep. People with narcolepsy often find it difficult to stay awake for long periods of time, regardless of the circumstances. Narcolepsy can cause serious disruptions in your daily routine. Sometimes, narcolepsy can be accompanied by a sudden loss of muscle tone (cataplexy) that leads to weakness and loss of muscle control. Cataplexy is often triggered by a strong emotion, most commonly laughter. Narcolepsy is a chronic condition for which there's no cure. However, medications and lifestyle changes can help you manage the symptoms. Support from others — family, friends, employer, teachers — can help you cope with narcolepsy.

Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is a procedure performed for the treatment of tearing (epiphora) due to blockage of the nasolacrimal duct. Tears originate in the lacrimal gland, located at the upper outer margin of the eye. As tears cross the eye with each blink, they are directed into small openings in the eyelids called puncta. From this point, tears travel through a pathway known as the canalicular system into the lacrimal sac. The lacrimal sac is located between the eye and the nose, and funnels tears into the nasal cavity through the nasolacrimal duct (Figure 1). As this is quite a long path for tears to travel, there can be many causes of excessive tearing. Blockage of the nasolacrimal duct is one common cause, and can be treated by creating a direct opening from the lacrimal sac into the nasal cavity in a procedure known as DCR. The evaluation and management of tearing may involve both an ophthalmologist and an otolaryngologist.

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Complete Pineal Tumor excision by using Supracerebellar Infratentorial approach in sitting position was performed. The young adult male is up and about after surgery.

Watch that World's first osteotomy surgery for spine deformity