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Irregular Menstrual Cycle
Irregular Menstrual Cycle samer kareem 1,716 Views • 3 years ago

Menstruation is the time of month when the womb (uterus) sheds its lining and vaginal bleeding occurs. This is known as a menstrual period. Periods vary widely from woman to woman. Some periods are punctual, some are unpredictable. On average, a woman gets her period every 24 to 38 days. A period usually lasts about two to eight days. Irregular periods may require treatment. What Are Irregular Periods? You may have irregular periods if: The time between each period starts to change. You are losing more or less blood during a period than usual. The number of days that your period lasts varies significantly. There are different terms for different types of irregular periods: Irregular Menstrual Bleeding (IrregMB): Bleeding of more than 20 days in individual cycle lengths over a period of one year. Absent Menstrual Bleeding (amenorrhea): No bleeding in a 90-day period. Heavy Menstrual Bleeding (HMB): Excessive menstrual blood loss that interferes with the woman’s physical, emotional, social, and material quality of life and can occur alone or in combination with other symptoms. Heavy and Prolonged Menstrual Bleeding (HPMB): Less common than HMB. It is important to make a distinction from HMB given they may have different etiologies and respond to different therapies. Light Menstrual Bleeding: Based on patient complaint, rarely related to pathology.

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML)
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) samer kareem 4,038 Views • 3 years ago

Progressive multifocalleukoencephalopathy is a demyelinating illness of the central nervous system that typically occurs in immunosuppressed patients, especially those with AIDS. It is caused by reactivation of the polyomavirus JC (JC virus) and presents with neurologic deficits including hemiparesis, gait ataxia, visual symptoms, and altered mental status. It is not seen in non-immunosuppressed patients, and fever is not typical

Thoracic outlet syndrome surgery
Thoracic outlet syndrome surgery samer kareem 1,793 Views • 3 years ago

Thoracic outlet syndrome is a group of disorders that occur when blood vessels or nerves in the space between your collarbone and your first rib (thoracic outlet) are compressed. This can cause pain in your shoulders and neck and numbness in your fingers. Common causes of thoracic outlet syndrome include physical trauma from a car accident, repetitive injuries from job- or sports-related activities, certain anatomical defects (such as having an extra rib), and pregnancy. Sometimes doctors can't determine the cause of thoracic outlet syndrome. Treatment for thoracic outlet syndrome usually involves physical therapy and pain relief measures. Most people improve with these approaches. In some cases, however, your doctor may recommend surgery.

Doll Technology Applied to Dental Practice
Doll Technology Applied to Dental Practice samer kareem 1,584 Views • 3 years ago

Heart transplantation
Heart transplantation samer kareem 2,295 Views • 3 years ago

Finding a donor heart can be difficult. The heart must be donated by someone who is brain-dead but is still on life support. The donor heart must be matched as closely as possible to your tissue type to reduce the chance that your body will reject it. You are put into a deep sleep with general anesthesia, and a cut is made through the breastbone. Your blood flows through a heart-lung bypass machine while the surgeon works on your heart. This machine does the work of your heart and lungs while they are stopped, and supplies your body with blood and oxygen. Your diseased heart is removed and the donor heart is stitched in place. The heart-lung machine is then disconnected. Blood flows through the transplanted heart, which takes over supplying your body with blood and oxygen. Tubes are inserted to drain air, fluid, and blood out of the chest for several days, and to allow the lungs to fully re-expand.

Size DOES Matter
Size DOES Matter samer kareem 9,005 Views • 3 years ago

new study about the size of penis

how to use female condom
how to use female condom samer kareem 48,295 Views • 3 years ago

female condom

Chronic Pancreatitis
Chronic Pancreatitis samer kareem 2,080 Views • 3 years ago

Chronic pancreatitis is a long-standing inflammation of the pancreas that alters the organ's normal structure and functions. It can present as episodes of acute inflammation in a previously injured pancreas, or as chronic damage with persistent pain or malabsorption.

Dislocation of the Temporomandibular Joint
Dislocation of the Temporomandibular Joint samer kareem 7,215 Views • 3 years ago

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ), located just in front of the lower part of the ear, allows the lower jaw to move. The TMJ is a ball-and-socket joint, just like the hip or shoulder. When the mouth opens wide, the ball (called the condyle) comes out of the socket and moves forward, going back into place when the mouth closes. TMJ becomes dislocated when the condyle moves too far and gets stuck in front of a bony prominence called the articular eminence. The condyle can't move back into place. This happens most often when the ligaments that normally keep the condyle in place are somewhat loose, allowing the condyle to move beyond the articular eminence. The surrounding muscles often go into spasm and hold the condyle in the dislocated position.

pleurisy
pleurisy samer kareem 2,145 Views • 3 years ago

Pleurisy is a condition in which the pleura — a membrane consisting of a layer of tissue that lines the inner side of the chest cavity and a layer of tissue that surrounds the lungs — becomes inflamed. Also called pleuritis, pleurisy causes sharp chest pain (pleuritic pain) that worsens during breathing. A variety of underlying conditions can cause pleurisy. Treatment of pleurisy involves pain control and treating the underlying condition.

Knee Pain
Knee Pain samer kareem 5,859 Views • 3 years ago

Knee pain facts Knee pain is a common problem with many causes, from acute injuries to complications of medical conditions. Knee pain can be localized to a specific area of the knee or be diffuse throughout the knee. Knee pain is often accompanied by physical restriction. A thorough physical examination will usually establish the diagnosis of knee pain. The treatment of knee pain depends on the underlying cause. The prognosis of knee pain is usually good although it might require surgery or other interventions.

Filling Monster Tooth Cavity
Filling Monster Tooth Cavity hooda 34,390 Views • 3 years ago

Watch that video of Filling Monster Tooth Cavity

How Old Are Your Ears?
How Old Are Your Ears? samer kareem 5,159 Views • 3 years ago

Hearing loss can affect anyone at any age, due to heredity, medical conditions or loud noise exposure. However, as we get older, we naturally become more susceptible to hearing loss because of changes to the delicate mechanics of our ears.

Minimally Invasive Total Thyroidectomy
Minimally Invasive Total Thyroidectomy samer kareem 6,238 Views • 3 years ago

Minimally invasive open thyroidectomy (MIT) is similar to conventional thyroidectomy in its surgical approach. The major difference is the length of the neck incision. A smaller incision improves cosmesis and reduces discomfort. Typically, a skin incision less than 6 cm is considered minimally invasive. The remainder of the procedure is exactly the same as is used in conventional thyroidectomy. Adaptations to this technique include transection rather than lateral retraction of the strap muscles (the Sofferman technique). [1]

Laparoscopic Sigmoid Colectomy
Laparoscopic Sigmoid Colectomy samer kareem 2,529 Views • 3 years ago

This operation can be performed as an open or laparoscopic (keyhole procedure). During the operation the sigmoid colon is removed. This involves taking away the blood vessels and lymph nodes to that part of the bowel. The surgeon then re-makes the join (anastomosis) between the remaining left side of the colon and the top of the rectum. The surgeon may use either sutures or special staples to make this join.

Ocular, Clinical Tests of Myasthenia Gravis
Ocular, Clinical Tests of Myasthenia Gravis samer kareem 4,895 Views • 3 years ago

The arm and leg muscles are affected later. Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease — a disease that occurs when the immune system attacks the body's own tissues. In MG, that attack interrupts the connection between nerve and muscle — the neuromuscular junction.

Treat a Cat or Dog Bite
Treat a Cat or Dog Bite samer kareem 7,714 Views • 3 years ago

Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water before and after treating the wound. Wash the area with mild soap and running water to reduce the risk of infection. Pat dry. Apply antibiotic ointment and cover with a clean bandage or sterile dressing. Antibiotic prophylaxis should be considered, especially if there is a high risk of infection, such as with cat bites, with puncture wounds, with wounds to the hand, and in persons who are immunosuppressed. Amoxicillin/clavulanate is the first-line prophylactic antibiotic.

Neurotransmission
Neurotransmission samer kareem 1,485 Views • 3 years ago

Ca2+ binds with the membrane of the synaptic vesicles, which causes the vesicles to break and release the neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft. After the neurotransmitters are released, they diffuse across the synaptic cleft and interact with receptors on the postsynaptic membrane. When the action potential reaches the presynaptic terminal, it provokes the release of a small quantity of neurotransmitter molecules, which bind to chemical receptor molecules located in the membrane of another neuron, the postsynaptic neuron, on the opposite side of the synaptic cleft.

Knee Replacement
Knee Replacement samer kareem 8,713 Views • 3 years ago

Knee replacement, also called arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure to resurface a knee damaged by arthritis. Metal and plastic parts are used to cap the ends of the bones that form the knee joint, along with the kneecap. This surgery may be considered for someone who has severe arthritis or a severe knee injury.

How drugs work during surgery?
How drugs work during surgery? samer kareem 23,133 Views • 3 years ago

6 987 24 MORE How Does Anesthesia Work? Credit: itsmejust | Shutterstock If you’ve ever had surgery, unless you are super tough, you’ve gone through it with the benefit of anesthetics. But, how do these body-numbing elixirs work? Prior to the invention of anesthesia in the mid-1800s, surgeons had to hack off limbs, sew up wounds and remove mysterious growths with nothing to dull the patient's pain but opium or booze. While these drugs may have numbed the patient, they didn’t always completely block the pain, or erase the memory of it. Since then, doctors have gotten much better at putting us out with drug combinations that ease pain, relax muscles and, in some cases, put us in a deep state of hypnosis that gives us temporary amnesia. Today, there are two primary types of anesthesia drugs: those that knockout the whole body (general) and those that only numb things up locally.

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