Watch that Above Knee Leg Amputation Medical Surgery

Parkinson's disease is a progressive disorder of the nervous system that affects movement. It develops gradually, sometimes starting with a barely noticeable tremor in just one hand. But while a tremor may be the most well-known sign of Parkinson's disease, the disorder also commonly causes stiffness or slowing of movement. In the early stages of Parkinson's disease, your face may show little or no expression, or your arms may not swing when you walk. Your speech may become soft or slurred. Parkinson's disease symptoms worsen as your condition progresses over time. Although Parkinson's disease can't be cured, medications may markedly improve your symptoms. In occasional cases, your doctor may suggest surgery to regulate certain regions of your brain and improve your symptoms.

Causes of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome|| Common gynaecological problems in women Polycystic ovarian syndrome, or PCOS, is a condition where a woman's ovaries and adrenal glands produce more androgens than normal, resulting in increased body hair, acne and irregular periods. While researchers are not certain of the exact cause of PCOS, it is known that an imbalance of the endocrine system is responsible for many of the changes associated with it. However, it is still not known exactly what causes those changes.

Sectioned Heart

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Arthrocentesis of the Knee

The endoscopic resection of a sharp bony nasal septal spur video

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Tracheostomy Suctioning- Nursing Skills

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Tracheostomy Suctioning- Nursing Skills:

In this video we’re going to talk about suctioning a tracheostomy. You may need to do this before you do trach care or just because the patient requires suctioning. Make sure that you assess the patient before you start so that you know what their one sounds are, and what their oxygen saturation is. We love you guys! Go out and be your best selves today! And, as always, happy nursing!

Bookmarks:
0.05 Introduction to trach suctioning
0:21 Suction setup
0:42 Opening suction kit
1:55 Sterile water
2:13 Starting trach suctioning
2:00 Catheter insertion
3:00 Catheter pass #2
3:26 Listen to lungs
3:31 Outro

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Gastric bypass, also called Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery, is considered a “metabolic” procedure because it changes how your body absorbs fat, calories and nutrients. This metabolic change occurs because your gastrointestinal tract is altered when your gastric bypass surgeon attaches the smaller section of your stomach directly to your small intestine. As a result, your appetite changes and you feel full faster.

New Treatment for sinusitis. Yamik procedure

A modified radical mastectomy is a procedure in which the entire breast is removed, including the skin, areola, nipple, and most axillary lymph nodes; the pectoralis major muscle is spared. Historically, a modified radical mastectomy was the primary method of treatment of breast cancer. [1, 2] As the treatment of breast cancer evolved, breast conservation has become more widely used. [3, 4] However, mastectomy still remains a viable option for women with breast cancer. [5, 6]

Treatment for kidney stones varies, depending on the type of stone and the cause. Small stones with minimal symptoms Most kidney stones won't require invasive treatment. You may be able to pass a small stone by: Drinking water. Drinking as much as 2 to 3 quarts (1.9 to 2.8 liters) a day may help flush out your urinary system. Unless your doctor tells you otherwise, drink enough fluid — mostly water — to produce clear or nearly clear urine. Pain relievers. Passing a small stone can cause some discomfort. To relieve mild pain, your doctor may recommend pain relievers such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others), acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) or naproxen sodium (Aleve). Medical therapy. Your doctor may give you a medication to help pass your kidney stone. This type of medication, known as an alpha blocker, relaxes the muscles in your ureter, helping you pass the kidney stone more quickly and with less pain. Large stones and those that cause symptoms Kidney stones that can't be treated with conservative measures — either because they're too large to pass on their own or because they cause bleeding, kidney damage or ongoing urinary tract infections — may require more extensive treatment. Procedures may include: Using sound waves to break up stones. For certain kidney stones — depending on size and location — your doctor may recommend a procedure called extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). ESWL uses sound waves to create strong vibrations (shock waves) that break the stones into tiny pieces that can be passed in your urine. The procedure lasts about 45 to 60 minutes and can cause moderate pain, so you may be under sedation or light anesthesia to make you comfortable. ESWL can cause blood in the urine, bruising on the back or abdomen, bleeding around the kidney and other adjacent organs, and discomfort as the stone fragments pass through the urinary tract. Surgery to remove very large stones in the kidney. A procedure called percutaneous nephrolithotomy (nef-row-lih-THOT-uh-me) involves surgically removing a kidney stone using small telescopes and instruments inserted through a small incision in your back. You will receive general anesthesia during the surgery and be in the hospital for one to two days while you recover. Your doctor may recommend this surgery if ESWL was unsuccessful. Using a scope to remove stones. To remove a smaller stone in your ureter or kidney, your doctor may pass a thin lighted tube (ureteroscope) equipped with a camera through your urethra and bladder to your ureter. Once the stone is located, special tools can snare the stone or break it into pieces that will pass in your urine. Your doctor may then place a small tube (stent) in the ureter to relieve swelling and promote healing. You may need general or local anesthesia during this procedure. Parathyroid gland surgery. Some calcium phosphate stones are caused by overactive parathyroid glands, which are located on the four corners of your thyroid gland, just below your Adam's apple. When these glands produce too much parathyroid hormone (hyperparathyroidism), your calcium levels can become too high and kidney stones may form as a result. Hyperparathyroidism sometimes occurs when a small, benign tumor forms in one of your parathyroid glands or you develop another condition that leads these glands to produce more parathyroid hormone. Removing the growth from the gland stops the formation of kidney stones. Or your doctor may recommend treatment of the condition that's causing your parathyroid gland to overproduce the hormone.

Only about a third of people with lupus get the tell-tale butterfly-shaped rash on their face. What you should know:

Chinese Sex Change Surgery

The accumulation of ascitic fluid represents a state of total-body sodium and water excess, but the event that initiates the unbalance is unclear. Although many pathogenic processes have been implicated in the development of abdominal ascites, about 75% likely occur as a result of portal hypertension in the setting of liver cirrhosis, with the remainder due to infective, inflammatory, and infiltrative conditions. Three theories of ascites formation have been proposed: underfilling, overflow, and peripheral arterial vasodilation. The underfilling theory suggests that the primary abnormality is inappropriate sequestration of fluid within the splanchnic vascular bed due to portal hypertension and a consequent decrease in effective circulating blood volume. This activates the plasma renin, aldosterone, and sympathetic nervous system, resulting in renal sodium and water retention. The overflow theory suggests that the primary abnormality is inappropriate renal retention of sodium and water in the absence of volume depletion. This theory was developed in accordance with the observation that patients with cirrhosis have intravascular hypervolemia rather than hypovolemia. The most recent theory, the peripheral arterial vasodilation hypothesis, includes components of both of the other theories. It suggests that portal hypertension leads to vasodilation, which causes decreased effective arterial blood volume. As the natural history of the disease progresses, neurohumoral excitation increases, more renal sodium is retained, and plasma volume expands. This leads to overflow of fluid into the peritoneal cavity. The vasodilation theory proposes that underfilling is operative early and overflow is operative late in the natural history of cirrhosis. Although the sequence of events that occurs between the development of portal hypertension and renal sodium retention is not entirely clear, portal hypertension apparently leads to an increase in nitric oxide levels. Nitric oxide mediates splanchnic and peripheral vasodilation. Hepatic artery nitric oxide synthase activity is greater in patients with ascites than in those without ascites. Regardless of the initiating event, a number of factors contribute to the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity. Elevated levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine are well-documented factors. Hypoalbuminemia and reduced plasma oncotic pressure favor the extravasation of fluid from the plasma to the peritoneal fluid, and, thus, ascites is infrequent in patients with cirrhosis unless both portal hypertension and hypoalbuminemia are present.

Nasal catheter YAMIK - is a new drug delivery sistem for topical treatment for sinusitis. The introduction of a large volume of the #drugsolution directly into all the paranasal #sinuses - provides new opportunities in the #treatment of #sinusitis! #YamikprocedureNasal catheter YAMIK is a new device for topical sinonasal delivery of medication during rhinosinusitis treatment. Administration of therapeutic solution with YAMIK catheter is called YAMIK procedure. The following features differs YAMIK procedure from all other topical sinonasal delivery techniques: - Medication is delivered into the all paranasal sinuses at one side of nose regardless of their involvement in the inflammatory disease. -Specific position of patient’s head. Patient should lay on the side of of the sinuses, into which solution will be administered. This position is physiological and comfortable for patients, including children and elders. The LHL position was suggested to be the most favorable position for patients to adopt - Therapeutic solutions reliably penetrates into without previous sinus surgery sinuses with natural ostia size. - Paranasal sinuses are filling with medicinal solution by gravity. To accelerate process, it is used small pressure gradient, which created by motion of syringe plunger with amplitude 1 - 2 ml during administration of solution. - It is provided contact of the whole sino-nasal mucosa with medication. - Prolonged time of the contact of sino-nasal mucosa with medicine provides administration of the therapeutically significant dose. Therapeutic solution administered into paranasal sinuses is considered as a STORE. Thanks to affect mucociliary clearance, therapeutic solution is gradually evacuated from sinuses through ostia. Thereby, prolonged nasal irrigation is performed. - Due to extended contact with saline (NaCl 0,9%), viscous colloidal pathological substance filling paranasal sinuses is dissolved. As a result, its viscosity decreases, and substance is removing by mucociliary clearance. Thereby, drainage function of the ostia are returned some time after finish YAMIK method procedure. -The procedure is performing under local anesthesia. - There is no need in active involvement of the patient. Blowing, pronouncing any sounds like “cuckoo”, holding any things and so on is unnecessary. If is performed by a qualified medical professional the procedure is more effective. - Medication contacts only with nasal passages and paranasal sinuses. Thus, it is provided topical drug therapy. - YAMIK procedure is call sinonasal delivery techniques of a therapeutic solution. It differs from nasal techniques, because medicinal solution contacts not only with nasal mucosa, but with mucous membrane of paranasal sinuses. - The only used drug formulation is a solution. - It is possible non-invasive sample extraction from mucosa of paranasal sinuses (for bacteriological, immunological, cytological and a number of others investigation methods).