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Indwelling urinary catheters are commonly used in hospitals and can lead to preventable catheter-associated UTI. How can rates of catheter-associated UTI be reduced in hospitals? New research findings are summarized in a new NEJM Quick Take. Learn more at http://nej.md/1WoeHdF SHOW MORE
HSV-1 causes "cold sores" on the mouth, and up to 80% of the population has this virus. However, HSV-1 may also be transmitted to the genitals through oral/genital sex and about 40% of genital herpes is caused by HSV-1. Up to 22% of sexually active adults have genital herpes caused by HSV-2.
A patient at a British hospital played Mahler and Gershwin on the violin while surgeons removed a tumor from her brain, so doctors could preserve her ability to play music.
She left the hospital 3 days later and hopes to return to the symphony soon. https://abcn.ws/2SGY9mp
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Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infection of the female reproductive organs. It usually occurs when sexually transmitted bacteria spread from your vagina to your uterus, fallopian tubes or ovaries. Many women who develop pelvic inflammatory disease either experience no signs or symptoms or don't seek treatment. Pelvic inflammatory disease may be detected only later when you have trouble getting pregnant or if you develop chronic pelvic pain.
he inflatable penile prosthesis consists of two attached cylinders -- a reservoir and a pump -- which are placed surgically in the body. The two cylinders are inserted in the penis and connected by tubing to a separate reservoir of saline. The reservoir is implanted under the rectus muscles in the lower abdomen.
Identify the anatomy and explain the physiology of the scrotum on diagrams and sonograms.
Describe and demonstrate the protocol for sonographic scanning of the scrotum.
Identify and describe sonographic images of congenital abnormalities of the scrotum.
Identify and describe sonographic images of pathologies of the scrotum.
Identify and describe sonographic images of extratesticular disease processes.
Identify the anatomy and explain the physiology of the prostate on diagrams and sonograms.
Describe and demonstrate the protocol for transabdominal and endorectal sonographic scanning of the prostate.
Identify and describe sonographic images of benign and malignant pathologies of the prostate, including benign hyperplasia, prostatitis, carcinoma, and calculi.
Explain the technique for prostate biopsy.
Define the criteria for an ultrasound appearance of prostate tumor staging.
Explain the technique for radiation seed implantation.
Explain the Patient Privacy Rule (HIPAA) and Patient Safety Act (see reference).
The hepatitis E virus, responsible for major epidemics of viral hepatitis in subtropical and tropical countries, was cloned only 7 years ago.1 Hepatitis E was found to belong to the family of Caliciviridae, which includes the Norwalk virus—a common cause of gastroenteritis in humans—and consists of a single, plus-strand RNA genome of approximately 7.2 kb without an envelope (Fig. 1). The virus contains at least three open reading frames encoding viral proteins against which antibodies are made on exposure. These antibodies, especially those against the capsid protein derived from the second open reading frame2 and a protein of unknown function derived from the third open reading frame, are detected by currently available serologic assays. Retrospective studies on stored sera of past epidemics of viral hepatitis in Mexico, Africa, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Burma, Nepal, and Borneo have revealed that all were caused by strains of hepatitis E. In addition, hepatitis E was found to be responsible for the hepatitis epidemic in the southern part of Xinjiang, China, in which 120,000 persons became infected between September 1986 and April 1988.3 Hepatitis E predominantly affects young adults (15 to 40 years old). The symptoms of hepatitis E are similar to those of hepatitis A. Frequently, a prodrome consisting of anorexia, nausea, low-grade fever, and right upper abdominal pain is present 3 to 7 days before jaundice develops. Aminotransferase levels peak (usually between 1,000 and 2,000 U/L) near the onset of symptoms; bilirubin levels (10 to 20 mg/dL) peak later. Jaundice usually resolves after 1 to 2 weeks. In about 10% of cases, the disease is fulminant—especially in pregnant women, among whom mortality rates as high as 20% due to hemorrhagic and thrombotic complications have been reported. No evidence has suggested that hepatitis E can cause chronic infection. Transmission is by the fecal-oral route, predominantly through fecally contaminated drinking water supplies. In addition, however, preliminary reports have suggested transmission of the hepatitis E virus through blood transfusions. Volunteer studies confirmed the presence of the virus in serum and feces before and during clinical disease.4 The virus is shed into feces approximately 1 week before symptoms develop. The incubation period varies from 2 to 9 weeks (mean duration, approximately 45 days). Until now, a few reports had described symptomatic hepatitis E acquired in Europe;5, 6 all patients with symptomatic hepatitis E in the United States were travelers returning from Mexico, Africa, or the Far East, in whom hepatitis E developed after their return home.7 In this issue of the Mayo Clinic Proceedings (pages 1133 to 1136), Kwo and associates describe a case of hepatitis E in a man who had not left the United States during the previous 10 years. Specific serologic tests for hepatitis E virus IgG (enzyme immunoassays and a fluorescent antibody blocking assay) and IgM8 (US strain-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with use of synthetic polypeptides deduced from the viral genome, as shown in Figure 1), developed at Abbott Laboratories (IgG and IgM) as well as at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (IgG), were used to prove that the patient indeed had acute hepatitis E. Researchers at Abbott Laboratories have prepared a report that describes most of the viral genome in this patient (Fig. I).8 Their results are interesting because this strain from the United States differs considerably from hepatitis E strains isolated in Mexico, Burma, Pakistan, or China. Furthermore, the sequence of the US strain is highly homologous (98% and 94% homology at the amino acid level to the second and third open reading frames, respectively) to a recently isolated hepatitis E strain from American swine.9 This finding suggests that, in the United States, hepatitis E is a zoonosis with the swine population as one of its hosts. This relationship would confirm earlier studies in Asia, where swine were also found to carry variants of the hepatitis E virus.10 Why are these two recent discoveries important for medicine in the United States? First, other sporadic, locally acquired cases of acute hepatitis may be caused by hepatitis E. Second, these back-to-back discoveries strongly suggest that a common natural host for hepatitis E is present in countries with more moderate climates. Because swine do not seem to experience any symptoms associated with infection and because symptoms in humans can be minor or absent, we now may also have an explanation for the 1 to 2% of positive hepatitis E serologic results in blood donors in the United States,11 Netherlands,12 and Italy,6 countries with large swine staples. Clearly, more research needs to be done to confirm this hypothesis. Third, in countries with more moderate climates, hepatitis E may often result in a subclinical infection. Is this variation in manifestation due to less virulent strains, and do sequence variations determine virulence? Fourth, swine may be used as an animal model for study of the disease as well as vaccine development.
Physical assessment is taking an educated, systematic look at all aspects of an individual’s health status utilizing knowledge, skills and tools of health history and physical exam. To collect data- information about the client’s health, including physiological, psychological, sociocultural and spiritual aspects To establish actual and potential problems To establish the nurse-client relationship Method: The history is done first, then the physical examination focuses on finding data associated with the history. Health History- obtained through interview and record review. Physical exam- accomplished by tools and techniques ** A complete assessment is not necessarily carried out each time. A comprehensive assessment is part of a health screening examination. On admission, you will do an admission assessment (not necessarily including everything presented here) and document it on the admission form. You will do a daily shift assessment (patient systems review). And, if client has a specific problem, you may assess only that part of the body (focused). Data Collection: Information is organized into objective and subjective data: Subjective: Apparent only to person affected; includes client’s perceptions, feelings, thoughts, and expectations. It cannot be directly observed and can be discovered only asking questions. Objective: Detectable by an observer or can be tested against an acceptable standard; tangible, observable facts; includes observation of client behavior, medical records, lab and diagnostic tests, data collected by physical exam. ** To obtain data for the nursing health history, you must utilize good interview techniques and communications skills. Record accurately. DO NOT ASSUME. D. Frameworks for Health Assessment There are two main frameworks utilized in health assessment: Head to Toe- systematic collection of data starting with the head and working downward. Functional Health Assessment- Gordon’s 11 functional health patterns that address the behaviors a person uses to maintain health. PERSON is the ACC-ADN framework for assessment. It is similar to Gordon's functional health patterns.
Diastasis recti often occurs during pregnancy and can persist after pregnancy. It affects core strength and the appearance of the abdominal muscles.
Dr. Erick Sanchez repairs the abdominal muscles with every tummy tuck. This short video shows the muscle repair portion of the surgery with a bonus after photo at the end!
To request a consultation with Dr. Sanchez, visit sanchezplasticsurgery.com and click Request a Consultation. Fill out the form and someone will get in touch with you to answer all your questions.
Expected cost can be found at the bottom of each procedure page on our website.
Transurethral resection of the prostate (also known as TURP, plural TURPs and as a transurethral prostatic resection TUPR) is a urological operation. It is used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). As the name indicates, it is performed by visualising the prostate through the urethra and removing tissue by electrocautery or sharp dissection. This is considered the most effective treatment for BPH. This procedure is done with spinal or general anesthetic. A large triple lumen catheter is inserted through the urethra to irrigate and drain the bladder after the surgical procedure is complete. Outcome is considered excellent for 80-90% of BPH patients. Because of bleeding risks associated with the surgery, TURP is not considered safe for many patients with cardiac problems. As with all invasive procedures, the patient should first discuss medications they are taking with their doctor, most especially blood thinners or anticoagulants, such as warfarin (Coumadin), or aspirin. These may need to be discontinued prior to surgery. Postop complications include bleeding (most common), clotting and hyponatremia (due to bladder irrigation).
Additionally, transurethral resection of the prostate is associated with low but important morbidity and mortality.
An ectopic pregnancy (EP) is a condition in which a fertilized egg settles and grows in any location other than the inner lining of the uterus. The vast majority of ectopic pregnancies are so-called tubal pregnancies and occur in the Fallopian tube.
houlder examination frequently appears in OSCEs. You’ll be expected to pick up the relevant clinical signs using your examination skills. This shoulder examination OSCE guide provides a clear step by step approach to examining the shoulder, with an included video demonstration.
LASIK eye surgery is commonly performed laser refractive surgery to correct vision problems. This 3d animation shows how laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (lasik) can be an alternative to glasses or contact lenses.
It’s one of many vision correction surgeries that work by reshaping your cornea, the clear front part of your eye, so that light focuses on the retina in the back of your eye.
In eyes with normal vision, the cornea bends (refracts) light precisely onto the retina at the back of the eye. But with nearsightedness (myopia), farsightedness (hyperopia) or astigmatism, the light is bent incorrectly, resulting in blurred vision.
During LASIK surgery, a special type of cutting laser is used to precisely change the shape of the dome-shaped clear tissue at the front of your eyes (cornea) to improve vision.
Glasses or contact lenses can correct vision, but reshaping the cornea itself also will provide the necessary refraction.
For more information about medical animation, please visit https://www.amerra.com
Watch more medical animations:
Craniectomy brain surgery - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/1RkseDeYS9g
Accessing an implantable port training - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/xSTpxjyv4O4
Open Suctioning with a Tracheostomy Tube - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/wamB7jpWCiQ
Ventriculostomy Brain Surgery - 3d animation: https://youtu.be/pUy0YDzVNzs
Suctioning the endotracheal tube - medical animation: https://youtu.be/pN6-EYoeh3g
Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/qKTRyowwaLA
How to insert a nasogastric tube for NG intubation - 3d animation: https://youtu.be/Abf3Gd6AaZQ
Oral airway insertion - oropharyngeal airway technique - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/caxUdNwjt34
Nasotracheal suctioning (NTS) - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/979jWMsF62c
Learn about hemorrhoids with #3d #animation: https://youtu.be/R6NqlMpsiiY
CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/G87knTZnhks
What are warts (HPV)? - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/guJ1J7rRs1w
How Macular Degeneration Affects Your Vision - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/ozZQIZ_52YY
NeoGraft hair transplant procedure – animation: https://youtu.be/C-eTdH2UPXI