A tonsillolith lodged in the tonsillar crypt. Specialty. Otorhinolaryngology. Tonsilloliths, also known as tonsil stones, are clusters of calcified material that form in the tonsillar crypts, the crevices of the tonsils. While they occur most commonly in the palatine tonsils, they may also occur in the lingual tonsils.

There are three main types of lung cancer. Knowing which type you have is important because it affects your treatment options and your outlook (prognosis). If you aren’t sure which type of lung cancer you have, ask your doctor so you can get the right information.

Watch that video to know what G spot is

Your lungs are have 600 million air pockets -- enough to cover a tennis court.

Sober Living Facility @ http://soberliving.ca/guide-to-sober-living/

Dilation and Curettage D and C

An untreated hepatic abscess is nearly uniformly fatal as a result of complications that include sepsis, empyema, or peritonitis from rupture into the pleural or peritoneal spaces, and retroperitoneal extension. Treatment should include drainage, either percutaneous or surgical. Antibiotic therapy as a sole treatment modality is not routinely advocated, though it has been successful in a few reported cases. It may be the only alternative in patients too ill to undergo invasive procedures or in those with multiple abscesses not amenable to percutaneous or surgical drainage. In these instances, patients are likely to require many months of antimicrobial therapy with serial imaging and close monitoring for associated complications.

Giant Swollen Leg Elephantiasis Filariasis

Perineal Protectomy for Rectal Prolapse

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Lipid-Lowering Agents HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) These agents inhibit the rate-limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis by competitively inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase. Note the following: Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) reduction of 25%-60% Examples include Atorvastatin, fluvastatin, lovastatin, pitavastatin, pravastatin, rosuvastatin, simvastatin Contraindications include hypersensitivity, active liver disease, pregnancy, lactation, coadministration with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (selected statins) Vitamin B3 Vitamin B3 inhibits very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) synthesis. Note the following: LDL reduction of 10% High-density lipoprotein (HDL) increase of 20% Example includes Niacin (nicotinic acid) Contraindications include hypersensitivity, liver disease, active peptic ulcer, severe hypotension, arterial bleeding Fibrates Fibrates enhance lipoprotein lipase, resulting in increased VLDL catabolism, fatty acid oxidation, and triglycerides elimination. They decrease hepatic extraction of free fatty acids. Note the following: LDL reduction of 15% Triglyceride reduction of 35% Examples include Gemfibrozil, fenofibrate, fenofibrate (micronized), fenofibric acid Contraindications include active liver disease, renal disease, primary biliary cirrhosis, gallbladder disease 2-Azetidiones These agents inhibit sterol transporter at brush border and, consequently, intestinal absorption of cholesterol. LDL reduction of 15% Example includes Ezetimibe Contraindications include hypersensitivity, coadministration with statins (if active liver disease) Bile acid sequestrants These agents lower cholesterol and LDL via bile duct sequestration. Note the following: LDL reduction of 15% Examples include Cholestyramine, colesevelam, colestipol Contraindications include biliary/bowel obstruction, serum triglycerides >300-500 mg/dL, history of hypertriglyceridemia-induced pancreatitis

Pilonidal Cyst Removal by Laying Open Technique

A pneumothorax occurs when some of the tiny air sacs (alveoli) in a baby's lung become overinflated and burst. This causes air to leak into the space between the lung and chest wall (pleural space). The most common cause of pneumothorax is respiratory distress syndrome. This is a condition that occurs in babies who are born too early (premature). The baby's lungs lack the slippery substance (surfactant) that helps them stay open. Therefore, the tiny air sacs are not able to expand as easily. If the baby is put on a breathing machine (mechanical ventilator), there is extra pressure on the baby's lungs, which can sometimes burst the air sacs.

To facilitate the delivery of fluids during labour, obstetric anaesthetists from Coventry designed a triple IV peripheral connector with a central high-flow anti-reflux valve. This connector, now rightly known as the Coventry valve, can be used for all theatre settings and is especially useful in obstetrics, ICU, HDU and orthopaedics. More details on www.mediplus.co.uk

#ComprehensiveClinicalClass
History, Examination and Management of Hernia
Mentor: Dr. Nishanth, Consultant Surgeon, Bengaluru.

THE WHITE ARMY
To make studies more interesting and enjoyable, we are constantly trying to share most important tables, charts, diagrams, mnemonics, scoring systems, diagnostic criterias, motivating quotes and other useful study materials on

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THE WHITE ARMY does not own or claim to own any of the media used in the following video/stream. The media belong to their respective owners who may have copyright over them.The media have been taken from various sources and are used for medical educational purposes only. The following video/stream may contain images that may not be suitable for all audiences, viewer discretion is advised.

In this video, Professor Dan Reinstein performs a bilateral LASIK procedure filmed in real-time to demonstrate the full 8 and-a-half minute procedure from multiple angles. The superior design and experience of the Carl Zeiss Meditec Visumax femtosecond Laser for flap creation is seen, where the patient is only in contact with the device for about 30 seconds with extremely low contract force such that the patient feels effectively nothing, there are no red splodges (subconjunctival haemorages) left behind. From the surgeons' standpoint there is no device that is easier to use or faster for LASIK flap creation. The Carl Zeiss Meditec MEL80 excimer laser portion of the procedure is seamlessly integrated and incorporates all the features that make clinical outcomes so reproducible including the unique cone-for-controlled-atmosphere (CCA) and high efficiency, high sensitivity calibration test which can be performed for each individual patient to compensate for minor changes in energy that occur with excimer laser devices during the course of a day.

For reference to the clinical outcomes for LASIK with the MEL80 in presbyopia using PRESBYOND Laser Blended Vision see:

Reading glasses presbyopia (ageing eyes) only:
LASIK for presbyopia correction in emmetropic patients using aspheric ablation profiles and a micro-monovision protocol with the Carl Zeiss Meditec MEL 80 and VisuMax.
J Refract Surg. 2012 Aug;28(8):531-41. Reinstein DZ, Carp GI, Archer TJ, Gobbe M.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22869232

Short sighted, astigmatism and presbyopia (ageing eyes)
LASIK for Myopic Astigmatism and Presbyopia Using Non-Linear Aspheric Micro-Monovision with the Carl Zeiss Meditec MEL 80 Platform.
J Refract Surg. 2011 Jan;27(1):23-37. Epub 2010 Mar 1.
Reinstein DZ, Archer TJ, Gobbe M.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20205360

Long-sighted, astigmatism and presbyopia (ageing eyes)
LASIK for hyperopic astigmatism and presbyopia using micro-monovision with the Carl Zeiss Meditec MEL80 platform.
J Refract Surg. 2009 Jan;25(1):37-58. Reinstein DZ, Couch DG, Archer TJ.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19244952

For more information about laser eye surgery and PRESBYOND Laser Blended Vision, please contact the London Vision Clinic on 020 7224 1005.

LIVE SURGERY by Prof. Bellemans - Total Knee Replacement

This live video will show you a Total Knee Replacement Surgery done by Prof. Dr. Bellemans.
#Kneeprosthesis
#Kneearthroplasty
#Journeyknee

An abdominal hysterectomy is a surgical procedure that removes your uterus through an incision in your lower abdomen. Your uterus — or womb — is where a baby grows if you're pregnant. A partial hysterectomy removes just the uterus, leaving the cervix intact. A total hysterectomy removes the uterus and the cervix. Sometimes a hysterectomy includes removal of one or both ovaries and fallopian tubes, a procedure called a total hysterectomy with salpingo-oophorectomy (sal-ping-go-o-of-uh-REK-tuh-me). A hysterectomy can also be performed through an incision in the vagina (vaginal hysterectomy) or by a laparoscopic or robotic surgical approach — which uses long, thin instruments passed through small abdominal incisions.

If a fetal lung lesion is causing heart failure, fetal surgery may be performed to remove the CCAM before birth. http://fetalsurgery.chop.edu

N. Scott Adzick, MD, Mark Johnson, MD, and Holly Hedrick, MD, experts from the Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, explain when fetal intervention for CCAM is recommended, the various approaches that may be used to treat the most complex fetal lung lesions before birth, and how these procedures are performed.

One concern with fetal lung lesions is that they take up space in the chest. If the lung mass grows and pushes the heart and other organs out of place, it can lead to complications such as fetal hydrops (heart failure in the fetus). If this happens, a fetal surgery procedure may be performed to remove the CCAM before birth.
In other cases, an EXIT procedure may be performed to partially deliver the baby, so the team can remove the mass before the baby is fully delivered.

In this video series, parents, nurses and doctors from Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia’s Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment talk about the different types of fetal lung lesions like congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) and bronchopulmonary sequestration (BPS), the importance of accurate diagnosis and monitoring, and the most advanced treatment options currently available. They also discuss follow-up care and long-term outcomes for babies diagnosed with fetal lung lesions.