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Oxygen transport
Oxygen transport samer kareem 5,846 Views • 3 years ago

The protein inside red blood cells (a) that carries oxygen to cells and carbon dioxide to the lungs is hemoglobin (b). Hemoglobin is made up of four symmetrical subunits and four heme groups. Iron associated with the heme binds oxygen.

Knee Replacement
Knee Replacement samer kareem 8,713 Views • 3 years ago

Knee replacement, also called arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure to resurface a knee damaged by arthritis. Metal and plastic parts are used to cap the ends of the bones that form the knee joint, along with the kneecap. This surgery may be considered for someone who has severe arthritis or a severe knee injury.

Ingrown Toenails & Prevention Tips
Ingrown Toenails & Prevention Tips samer kareem 6,278 Views • 3 years ago

irregular, curved toenails. footwear that places a lot of pressure on the big toes, such as socks and stockings that are too tight or shoes that are too tight, narrow, or flat for your feet. toenail injury, including stubbing your toe, dropping something heavy on your foot, or kicking a ball repeatedly. poor posture. How can ingrowing toenails be prevented? Cut your nails straight across; do not cut them too short or too low at the sides. ... Keep your feet clean and dry. ... Avoid tight shoes and use cotton socks rather than synthetic. If you have diabetes, you should take extra care when cutting your nails:

Painkiller in human saliva
Painkiller in human saliva samer kareem 8,707 Views • 3 years ago

Natural painkiller found in human spit. Compound in saliva could be more powerful than morphine. A new painkilling substance has been discovered that is up to six times more potent than morphine when tested in rats — and it's produced naturally by the human body.

Spontaneous Collapsed Lung
Spontaneous Collapsed Lung samer kareem 18,246 Views • 3 years ago

A pneumothorax is usually caused by an injury to the chest, such as a broken rib or puncture wound. It may also occur suddenly without an injury. A pneumothorax can result from damage to the lungs caused by conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, cystic fibrosis, and pneumonia.

Transposition of the Great Arteries
Transposition of the Great Arteries samer kareem 7,689 Views • 3 years ago

Transposition of the great arteries is a serious but rare heart defect present at birth (congenital), in which the two main arteries leaving the heart are reversed (transposed). Transposition of the great arteries changes the way blood circulates through the body, leaving a shortage of oxygen in blood flowing from the heart to the rest of the body. Without an adequate supply of oxygen-rich blood, the body can't function properly and your child faces serious complications or death without treatment.

Vomiting and Diarrhea in Kids
Vomiting and Diarrhea in Kids samer kareem 5,013 Views • 3 years ago

Diarrhea in Children: Common Causes and Treatments Diarrhea is the body's way of ridding itself of germs, and most episodes last a few days to a week. Diarrhea often occurs with fever, nausea, vomiting, cramps, and dehydration. Some of the most common reasons kids get diarrhea include: Infection from viruses like rotavirus, bacteria like salmonella and, rarely, parasites like giardia. Viruses are the most common cause of a child's diarrhea. Along with loose or watery stools, symptoms of a viral gastroenteritis infection often include vomiting, stomachache, headache, and fever. When treating viral gastroenteritis -- which can last 5-14 days -- it's important to prevent fluid loss. Offer additional breast milk or an oral rehydration solution (ORS) to infants and young children. Water alone doesn't have enough sodium, potassium, and other nutrients to safely rehydrate very young children. Be sure to talk to your doctor about the amount of fluids your child needs, how to make sure he or she gets them, when to give them, and how to watch for dehydration. Older children with diarrhea can drink anything they like to stay hydrated, including ORS and brand-name products (their names usually end in "lyte"). Popsicles can also be a good way to get fluids into a child who's been vomiting and needs to rehydrate slowly.

APGAR Test
APGAR Test samer kareem 20,518 Views • 3 years ago

Although the Apgar score was developed in 1952 by an anesthesiologist named Virginia Apgar, you also might hear it referred to as an acronym for: Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration. The Apgar test is usually given to a baby twice: once at 1 minute after birth, and again at 5 minutes after birth.

Real Face Off Surgery
Real Face Off Surgery hooda 11,291 Views • 3 years ago

Watch that video of a Real Face Off Surgery

Spine Examination
Spine Examination samer kareem 20,203 Views • 3 years ago

Spine Examination

Marfan Syndrome Diagnosis and Treatment
Marfan Syndrome Diagnosis and Treatment samer kareem 9,843 Views • 3 years ago

Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects the body’s connective tissue. Connective tissue holds all the body’s cells, organs and tissue together. It also plays an important role in helping the body grow and develop properly. marfan_general_2.jpg What is Marfan Syndrome?Connective tissue is made up of proteins. The protein that plays a role in Marfan syndrome is called fibrillin-1. Marfan syndrome is caused by a defect (or mutation) in the gene that tells the body how to make fibrillin-1. This mutation results in an increase in a protein called transforming growth factor beta, or TGF-β. The increase in TGF-β causes problems in connective tissues throughout the body, which in turn creates the features and medical problems associated with Marfan syndrome and some related disorders. Because connective tissue is found throughout the body, Marfan syndrome can affect many different parts of the body, as well. Features of the disorder are most often found in the heart, blood vessels, bones, joints, and eyes. Some Marfan features – for example, aortic enlargement (expansion of the main blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart to the rest of the body) – can be life-threatening. The lungs, skin and nervous system may also be affected. Marfan syndrome does not affect intelligence.

Reiter's Syndrome
Reiter's Syndrome samer kareem 2,013 Views • 3 years ago

Reiter syndrome is a type of reactive arthritis that happens as a reaction to a bacterial infection in the body. The infection usually happens in the intestines, genitals, or urinary tract. Reiter syndrome includes redness, joint swelling and pain, often in knees, ankles, and feet, along with inflammation of the eyes and urinary tract. It is not contagious. But the bacteria that trigger it can be passed from one person to another. There is no cure for Reiter syndrome, but you can control the symptoms. For most people, symptoms go away in 2 to 6 months.

Glycogen Storage Disease
Glycogen Storage Disease samer kareem 6,285 Views • 3 years ago

Glycogen storage disease (GSD, also glycogenosis and dextrinosis) is the result of defects in the processing of glycogen synthesis or breakdown within muscles, liver, and other cell types. GSD has two classes of cause: genetic and acquired.

Cervical Mucus
Cervical Mucus samer kareem 7,905 Views • 3 years ago

Cervical Mucus

Lungs produce more than half of the platelets in the blood.
Lungs produce more than half of the platelets in the blood. samer kareem 1,397 Views • 3 years ago

A good starting point for any scientist in any field is to recognize that there is much we do not know. We do not know, for example, why there is more matter than antimatter in the universe. We do not know very well how the evolution of the dinosaurs filtered out. And, perhaps most surprising of all is that we do not know very well how many organs the human body has or what all its functions are.

Necrotizing Fasciitis Management
Necrotizing Fasciitis Management samer kareem 5,700 Views • 3 years ago

patient has fever, hypotension, swelling, and erythema of his left leg. Notably, his leg is more painful to palpation than might be expected after visual inspection. These symptoms are very concerning for necrotizing fasciitis. Necrotizing fasciitis is a fulminant infection of the subcutaneous tissue that spreads rapidly along the fascial planes and leads to extensive tissue necrosis and shock. Treatment • Requires surgical debridement & broad-spectrum antibiotics

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML)
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) samer kareem 4,038 Views • 3 years ago

Progressive multifocalleukoencephalopathy is a demyelinating illness of the central nervous system that typically occurs in immunosuppressed patients, especially those with AIDS. It is caused by reactivation of the polyomavirus JC (JC virus) and presents with neurologic deficits including hemiparesis, gait ataxia, visual symptoms, and altered mental status. It is not seen in non-immunosuppressed patients, and fever is not typical

Miracle baby's heart beats outside her chest
Miracle baby's heart beats outside her chest samer kareem 14,875 Views • 3 years ago

Miracle baby's heart beats outside her chest

Hard Cataract with a Small Pupil
Hard Cataract with a Small Pupil Scott 1,359 Views • 3 years ago

Stop and chop surgery on a hard cataract on a small pupil.

Macular translocation
Macular translocation samer kareem 9,878 Views • 3 years ago

The fovea was moved 425 to 1,700 microm (965+/-262 microm) superiorly or inferiorly. Follow-up time was 2 to 12 months (median 8 months). Complications included macular pucker (3 eyes), subfoveal hemorrhage (2 eyes), macular hole (1 eye), and progression of cataract in phakic eyes (3 eyes). Thirteen of 20 eyes showed various degrees of proliferative vitreoretinopathy with epiretinal membrane formation over the inferior peripheral retina with the inferior retinal detachment stabilized by the silicone oil. One eye progressed to phthisis bulbi. Initial visual acuity ranged from 20/80 to 20/800 (median 20/150) and final visual acuity ranged from light perception to 20/200 (median 20/1000).

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