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A bulla is a fluid-filled sac or lesion that appears when fluid is trapped under a thin layer of your skin. It’s a type of blister. Bullae (pronounced as “bully”) is the plural word for bulla. To be classified as a bulla, the blister must be larger than 0.5 centimeters (5 millimeters) in diameter. Smaller blisters are called vesicles.
LASIK eye surgery is commonly performed laser refractive surgery to correct vision problems. This 3d animation shows how laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (lasik) can be an alternative to glasses or contact lenses.
It’s one of many vision correction surgeries that work by reshaping your cornea, the clear front part of your eye, so that light focuses on the retina in the back of your eye.
In eyes with normal vision, the cornea bends (refracts) light precisely onto the retina at the back of the eye. But with nearsightedness (myopia), farsightedness (hyperopia) or astigmatism, the light is bent incorrectly, resulting in blurred vision.
During LASIK surgery, a special type of cutting laser is used to precisely change the shape of the dome-shaped clear tissue at the front of your eyes (cornea) to improve vision.
Glasses or contact lenses can correct vision, but reshaping the cornea itself also will provide the necessary refraction.
For more information about medical animation, please visit https://www.amerra.com
Watch more medical animations:
Craniectomy brain surgery - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/1RkseDeYS9g
Accessing an implantable port training - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/xSTpxjyv4O4
Open Suctioning with a Tracheostomy Tube - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/wamB7jpWCiQ
Ventriculostomy Brain Surgery - 3d animation: https://youtu.be/pUy0YDzVNzs
Suctioning the endotracheal tube - medical animation: https://youtu.be/pN6-EYoeh3g
Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/qKTRyowwaLA
How to insert a nasogastric tube for NG intubation - 3d animation: https://youtu.be/Abf3Gd6AaZQ
Oral airway insertion - oropharyngeal airway technique - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/caxUdNwjt34
Nasotracheal suctioning (NTS) - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/979jWMsF62c
Learn about hemorrhoids with #3d #animation: https://youtu.be/R6NqlMpsiiY
CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/G87knTZnhks
What are warts (HPV)? - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/guJ1J7rRs1w
How Macular Degeneration Affects Your Vision - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/ozZQIZ_52YY
NeoGraft hair transplant procedure – animation: https://youtu.be/C-eTdH2UPXI
Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation — this educational video demonstrates the complete abdominal examination in the order clinicians perform it. It is a core clinical-skills resource for medical students learning physical examination. Educational only — not medical advice.
It used to be when a woman needed a hysterectomy she could expect full abdominal surgery with a long recovery time. Dr. Melissa Lee uses less invasive methods that can cut the patients downtime in half.
"We were trained in more laparoscopic and minimally invasive cases so of course that's what I'm more comfortable with doing right now."
She sees a new generation of patients opting for laparoscopic surgery.
"Laparoscopy is the use of small cameras with small incisions and instruments that are guided by the hand, and you're able to see directly into the abdomen without actually fully opening the abdomen," says Dr. Lee, an obstetrician-gynecologist with Lee Memorial Health System.
Nowadays, even a large mass or uterus can be removed using the slender tools.
"There are multiple different laparoscopic instruments that you can use. Whether they're blunt dissections or just dissectors that hold and retract back or actual scissors or cutting instruments, there are multiple different options," says Dr. Lee.
While a standard abdominal hysterectomy requires a four to eight inch incision, the laparoscope needs only a quarter to half inch. It's enough to make a big difference in terms of recovery.
"They're able to get up and move around faster. They're able to recover faster, their pain level and their need for pain medicine is much lower," says Dr. Lee.
The laparoscopic procedure also cuts down on scarring and more importantly, shortens the hospital stay. The trend now is home within 24 hours.
"Where the patient is done early in the morning, they're doing well they're tolerating oral intake they're able to getup and move around. And those patients a lot of times will feel comfortable to go home that same nigh after a major surgery," says Dr. Lee.
New studies show women who've had a laparoscopic hysterectomy viewed their quality of life as better than those who had an open abdominal procedure, making this a good option for the right patient.
View More Health Matters video segments at leememorial.org/healthmatters/
Lee Memorial Health System in Fort Myers, FL is the largest network of medical care facilities in Southwest Florida and is highly respected for its expertise, innovation and quality of care. For nearly a century, we've been providing our community with everything from primary care treatment to highly specialized care services and robotic assisted surgeries.
Visit leememorial.org
An amputation is the removal of an extremity or appendage from the body. Amputations in the upper extremity can occur as a result of trauma, or they can be performed in the treatment of congenital or acquired conditions. Although successful replantation represents a technical triumph to the surgeon, the patient's best interests should direct the treatment of amputations. The goals involved in the treatment of amputations of the upper extremity include the following : Preservation of functional length Durable coverage Preservation of useful sensibility Prevention of symptomatic neuromas Prevention of adjacent joint contractures Early return to work Early prosthetic fitting These goals apply differently to different levels of amputation. Treatment of amputations can be challenging and rewarding. It is imperative that the surgeon treat the patient with the ultimate goal of optimizing function and rehabilitation and not become absorbed in the enthusiasm of the technical challenge of the replantation, which could result in poorer outcome and greater financial cost due to lost wages, hospitalization, and therapy.
What is Esophageal Dilation?Esophageal dilation is a procedure that allows your doctor to dilate, or stretch, a narrowed area of your esophagus [swallowing tube]. Doctors can use various techniques for this procedure. Your doctor might perform the procedure as part of a sedated endoscopy. Alternatively, your doctor might apply a local anesthetic spray to the back of your throat and then pass a weighted dilator through your mouth and into your esophagus. Why is it Done? The most common cause of narrowing of the esophagus, or stricture, is scarring of the esophagus from reflux of acid occurring in patients with heartburn.
Types of Human Body Tissue
In this video, I review four types of tissue.
Connective tissue, epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, and nerve tissue.
Tissues are made up of cells working together.
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For more Life Science videos and summaries see,
http://www.moomoomath.com/Midd....le-School-Science-an
To learn more about coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), please visit https://cle.clinic/3b7dqpE
Cardiac surgeons Faisal Baaeen, MD and Edward Soltesz, MD talk about coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery in this informative video.
They describe:
• how blockages are bypassed
• how vessels are used for the bypass graft
• reoperation experiences
• the importance of complete revascularization
• and options such as off pump bypass surgery and minimally invasive surgery
Dr. Bakaeen is the Director of the Coronary Artery Bypass Center at Cleveland Clinic. To learn more about him, please visit https://cle.clinic/2INN9AV
Dr. Soltesz is a cardiovascular and heart transplant surgeon. To learn more about him, please visit https://cle.clinic/3o86RMt
▶Share this video with others: https://youtu.be/Cp59BCMVHHc
▶Subscribe to learn more about @clevelandclinic
#clevelandclinic #coronaryartery #bypasssurgery #heartsurgery #heartcare #cardiacsurgery
If you have an upcoming procedure at UC Davis Children’s Surgery Center, this video provides information and details of what you and your family can expect from arrival to check-in through to surgery and after care.
This video is also available in these languages:
Arabic: https://youtu.be/ERPikb0prlI
Dari: https://youtu.be/UW5fT433IGQ
Punjabi: https://youtu.be/Xq6PV2qtOMo
Russian: https://youtu.be/v223nDdN1b4
Spanish: https://youtu.be/4Jr4dkzAaWA
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At UC Davis Children’s Hospital, we put your child at the center of everything that we do. It’s personalized care, uniquely sized for your child. You’ll see it in our child-friendly designs throughout the hospital, our farm-to-fork approach to dining, our playrooms and teen rooms and our team that feels like family. UC Davis Children’s Hospital is Sacramento’s only nationally ranked, comprehensive hospital for children, serving infants, children, adolescents and young adults with primary, subspecialty and critical care.
UC Davis Children’s Hospital: https://children.ucdavis.edu
Children’s Surgery Center: https://health.ucdavis.edu/chi....ldren/services/child
Child Life and Creative Arts Therapy: https://health.ucdavis.edu/chi....ldren/services/child
Fetal Care and Treatment Center: https://health.ucdavis.edu/chi....ldren/services/fetal
See the latest news from UC Davis Health: https://health.ucdavis.edu/newsroom
Kids Considered podcast: https://www.youtube.com/playli....st?list=PLM7qvIv8N9R
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/UCDavisChildrensHospital
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ucdavischildren
Twitter/X: https://twitter.com/UCDavisChildren
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#surgery #childrenshospital #surgeryrecovery #ucdavis
Normal discharge changes across the menstrual cycle; this educational explainer covers those patterns, the warning signs that can point to infection, and the symptoms that should prompt a doctor's visit. It also explains how discharge differs from other gynecological symptoms. Educational only — not medical advice.
Traumatic penile injury can be due to multiple factors. Penile fracture, penile amputation, penetrating penile injuries, and penile soft tissue injuries are considered urologic emergencies and typically require surgical intervention. The goals of treatment for penile trauma are universal: preservation of penile length, erectile function, and maintenance of the ability to void while standing. Traumatic injury to the penis may concomitantly involve the urethra.[1, 2] Urethral injury and repair is beyond the scope of this article but details can be found in Urethral Trauma. Penile fracture Penile fracture is the traumatic rupture of the corpus cavernosum. Traumatic rupture of the penis is relatively uncommon and is considered a urologic emergency.[3] Sudden blunt trauma or abrupt lateral bending of the penis in an erect state can break the markedly thinned and stiff tunica albuginea, resulting in a fractured penis. One or both corpora may be involved, and concomitant injury to the penile urethra may occur. Urethral trauma is more common when both corpora cavernosa are injured.[4] Penile rupture can usually be diagnosed based solely on history and physical examination findings; however, in equivocal cases, diagnostic cavernosography or MRI should be performed. Concomitant urethral injury must be considered; therefore, preoperative retrograde urethrographic studies should generally be performed. See the images below.
A complete organized library of all my videos, digital slides, pics, & sample pathology reports is available here: https://kikoxp.com/posts/5084 (dermpath) & https://kikoxp.com/posts/5083 (bone/soft tissue sarcoma pathology)
Topics discussed:
Epidermis:
Layers of epidermis: 0:10
Melanocytes vs Keratinocytes: 5:16
Langerhans cells: 10:10 & 33:30 & 57:30
Dermis:
Papillary and reticular dermis: 11:50
Three types of white empty spaces on a slide: vessels, glands/ducts/cysts, or artifact: 15:25
Blood vessels & nerves: 18:24 & 48:50 & 58:59
Arrector pili & other dermal smooth muscle: 20:00
Adnexal:
Sebaceous gland: 21:10
Hair follicle 23:14
Eccrine sweat glands and ducts 24:45 & 50:00
Gland/duct vs blood vessel 27:20 & 48:50
Apocrine glands: this video https://kikoxp.com/posts/7837 (at 12:30)
Acrosyringium: this video https://kikoxp.com/posts/7837 (at 10:00)
Three types of pink bundles: smooth muscle, nerve, dense connective tissue: 27:50
Acral skin (palm sole) with contact dermatitis 29:37
Parakeratosis 30:00
Perivascular lymphocytes 30:40
Eosinophils vs neutrophils 31:20
Spongiosis with desmosome keratinocyte spines 32:10
Spongiotic vesicles with Langerhans cells 33:30
Normal acral skin (palm & sole) with stratum lucidum 34:20
Normal glomus body/apparatus (canal of Sucquet-Hoyer) 35:40
Nerve 36:46 & 51:50
Adipose tissue (white fat cells) in subcutis with Lochkern 37:55
Normal scalp skin with large anagen hair follicles: 39:30
Hair follicle anatomy (bulb/matrix, inner root sheath, outer root sheath, hair shaft, isthmus, infundibulum): 40:55 (labeled images):
https://kikoxp.com/posts/3661 & https://kikoxp.com/posts/7899
Pacinian corpuscle 50:40
Meissner corpuscle 1:02:28
Dense regular connective tissue (Fascia/Tendon/Ligament) vs Smooth Muscle 53:00
Basic Normal Skin Immunohistochemistry:
-cytokeratin in epidermis: 55:33
-S100 in melanocytes and Langerhans cells and adipocytes: 57:30
-Desmin in smooth muscle (arrector pili and blood vessels): 58:59
-CD31 in endothelial cells of blood vessels: 59:33
-SOX-10 in melanocytes: 1:00:40
Digit/Finger/Toe histology (amputation for subungual acral melanoma) 1:04:10 & 1:08:30
-bone 1:05:40
-glomus body 1:05:15
-tendon/ligament 1:06:10
-artery 1:06:58
-fingernail/toenail 1:08:54
-acrosyringium 1:10:45
Solar elastosis (what wrinkles look like microscopically!) 1:11:50
Other videos you might like:
Tendon vs Nerve Histology Made Simple with the Ramen Noodle Sign (of Fulton) video: https://kikoxp.com/posts/4466
Melanocytes vs Keratinocytes made easy video: https://kikoxp.com/posts/3802
Blood Vessel vs Gland vs Artifact Made Easy video: https://kikoxp.com/posts/4808
The basic normal structures of the skin discussed and described by a dermatopathologist. This material is intended for use by medical students, junior pathology or dermatology residents, or for anyone else studying normal human histology. Special thanks to two of my medical students at UAMS for helping make this video possible. Miki Lindsey convinced me that I really needed to sit down and record this video. Akash Patel took time to edit the video and make it ready for YouTube. My sincere thanks to both of them for helping me overcome procrastination.
Huge thanks to Abigail Cline, a medical student at Medical College of Georgia, for volunteering to type a transcript of this ENTIRE video (over 14,000 words!) so that I could provide closed caption subtitles for those with hearing impairments and for those who may need assistance in understanding spoken English (particularly given how quickly I speak!). You can access a text version of her transcript of my video here: https://kikoxp.com/posts/5390
Correction - I made a mistake in the video. I said that sebaceous gland secretions are turned into smelly substances by bacteria and that this makes body odor. That is incorrect. That is actually true of APOCRINE gland secretions not sebaceous secretions.
Also, in the past I used "keratinocyte" and "squamous cell" interchangeably (this is because in dermatopathology, we see and talk about squamous cell carcinomas all the time, and those tumors are composed of keratinocytes). But technically, in normal skin histology, "squamous cell" refers only to the flattened keratinocytes in the superficial epidermis. Thankfully, a histology PhD colleague pointed this out to me and corrected my lazy nomenclature!
Please check out my Soft Tissue Pathology & Dermatopathology survival guide textbooks: http://bit.ly/2Te2haB
This video is geared towards medical students, pathology or dermatology residents, or practicing pathologists or dermatologists. Of course, this video is for educational purposes only and is not formal medical advice or consultation.
Presented by Jerad M. Gardner, MD. Please subscribe to my channel to be notified of new pathology teaching videos.
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