aser treatment for scars reduces the appearance of scars. It uses focused light therapy to either remove the outer layer of the skin’s surface or stimulate the production of new skin cells to cover damaged skin cells. Laser treatment for scars can reduce the appearance of warts, skin wrinkles, age spots, scars, and keloids. It doesn’t completely remove a scar.

This video depicts how a stent is placed in the coronary artieries. We first place a guiding wire in the heart artery through a catheter, usually from the groin. Then the stent is inflated by a balloon in the artery, which is then removed. The stent remains permanently. Blood thinners, aspirin and plavix, are both required after a stent is placed in your heart artery.

Dr. Joseph McGinn explains minimally invasive bypass, the procedure he pioneered as an alternative to open heart surgery.

If you have an upcoming procedure at UC Davis Children’s Surgery Center, this video provides information and details of what you and your family can expect from arrival to check-in through to surgery and after care.

This video is also available in these languages:
Arabic: https://youtu.be/ERPikb0prlI
Dari: https://youtu.be/UW5fT433IGQ
Punjabi: https://youtu.be/Xq6PV2qtOMo
Russian: https://youtu.be/v223nDdN1b4
Spanish: https://youtu.be/4Jr4dkzAaWA

——

At UC Davis Children’s Hospital, we put your child at the center of everything that we do. It’s personalized care, uniquely sized for your child. You’ll see it in our child-friendly designs throughout the hospital, our farm-to-fork approach to dining, our playrooms and teen rooms and our team that feels like family. UC Davis Children’s Hospital is Sacramento’s only nationally ranked, comprehensive hospital for children, serving infants, children, adolescents and young adults with primary, subspecialty and critical care.

UC Davis Children’s Hospital: https://children.ucdavis.edu
Children’s Surgery Center: https://health.ucdavis.edu/chi....ldren/services/child
Child Life and Creative Arts Therapy: https://health.ucdavis.edu/chi....ldren/services/child
Fetal Care and Treatment Center: https://health.ucdavis.edu/chi....ldren/services/fetal
See the latest news from UC Davis Health: https://health.ucdavis.edu/newsroom

Kids Considered podcast: https://www.youtube.com/playli....st?list=PLM7qvIv8N9R
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/UCDavisChildrensHospital
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ucdavischildren
Twitter/X: https://twitter.com/UCDavisChildren

——

#surgery #childrenshospital #surgeryrecovery #ucdavis

UPMC liver surgeons are among the most experienced in the world in performing minimally invasive liver surgery. Most patients benefit from less trauma and pain, minimal scarring, a shorter hospital stay, and faster recovery than from traditional surgery.
To learn more, please visit https://www.upmc.com/services/....liver-cancer/treatme

Remove a Plantar Wart from a foot Procedure

✨This video is on the structure and functions of the three types of cartilage (Hyaline, Elastic and Fibrocartilage). I hope it helps! ☀️

🌟What's in this video?
0:00 - Intro
0:07 - Connective Tissue Recap
1:16 - Structure of Connective Tissue
1:57 - Structural Components of Cartilage
3:38 - Types of Cartilage
3:49 - Hyaline Cartilage
8:05 - Elastic Cartilage
8:55 - Fibrocartilage

✨ Other videos you may need:
🔅 Connective Tissue : https://youtu.be/xw_ALdt5n-A
🔅 Collagen : https://youtu.be/3e2JYMNS_W4
🔅 Ossification: https://youtu.be/86V9SNWD_No
🔅Histology: https://www.youtube.com/playli....st?list=PL1rG930trF2


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📚Factual References & for Further Reading:
- DiFiore's Atlas of Histology
- Junqueira's Basic Histology
- Gartner's Concise Histology
- Openstax Anatomy and Physiology
https://openstax.org/details/b....ooks/anatomy-and-phy
- Openstax Biology
https://openstax.org/details/books/biology-2e
(The last two are links to open-source references. They are NOT affiliate links)

🌤 Note:
These are just a collection of my notes. So use them the way you would use borrowed notes from a friend. 📝
The images in this video are hand-drawn for illustration and explanation only.✍️ Hence, they may not be anatomically accurate. I am just one person making these videos. If there are any errors, that is unintentional. I try super hard to avoid them. Please let me know if you find any, so it gets clarified for other viewers. Science constantly evolves and changes. New discoveries are made everyday. So some of the information in these videos may become outdated. If you notice that, please let me know so I can update them.










⚡️Disclaimer:
These videos are NOT a substitute for a medical textbook. Textbooks are written by experts (which I do not claim to be), edited, proofread and referenced. Please use them.
The information has been sourced from multiple references as mentioned above. I draw all the pictures myself. But if I have inadvertently infringed on any copyright, that is completely unintentional. I only make these videos to impart education. If I have accidentally violated copyright in any way, do let me know so I can make the necessary changes or give credit to anyone who is owed the same.
These videos are NOT intended for patient education. They are NOT a substitute for diagnosis and treatment by a licensed medical professional. Always seek the advice of a qualified health care provider for any questions you may have regarding any medical condition, so that they can address your individual needs.

🔅They are ONLY meant to help students of medicine and health sciences with studying, and should be used for just that purpose and absolutely nothing else.


Byte Size Med. All Rights Reserved.

Focal seizures (also called partial seizures [citation needed] and localized seizures) are seizures which affect initially only one hemisphere of the brain. [citation needed] The brain is divided into two hemispheres, each consisting of four lobes – the frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital lobes.

Injection in buttocks

No Scalpel Vasectomy

his patient had spilled boiling water on his lower leg a couple days before. This isn't complicated but the teaching points should focus on draining the large blistered areas and attempting to maintain moisture as long as we can so the skin doesn't contract down on itself.

Watch that Skin Jiggers Removal Procedure

What is Venipuncture? While venipuncture can refer to a variety of procedures, including the insertion of IV tubes into a vein for the direct application of medicine to the blood stream, in phlebotomy venipuncture refers primarily to using a needle to create a blood evacuation point. As a phlebotomist, you must be prepared to perform venipuncture procedures on adults, children, and even infants while maintaining a supportive demeanor and procedural accuracy. Using a variety of blood extraction tools, you must be prepared to respond to numerous complications in order to minimize the risk to the patient while still drawing a clean sample. In its entirety, venipuncture includes every step in a blood draw procedure—from patient identification to puncturing the vein to labeling the sample. Patient information, needle placement, and emotional environment all play a part in the collection of a blood sample, and it's the fine details that can mean the difference between a definite result and a false positive. After placing the tourniquet and finding the vein, it's time for the phlebotomist to make the complex choice on what procedure will best suit the specific situation. Keeping this in mind, it should be noted that the following information is not an instructional guide on how to perform these phlebotomy procedures. Rather, the information below is intended to serve as an educational resource to inform you of the equipment and procedures you will use. Venipuncture Technqiues Venipuncture with an Evacuated or Vacuum Tube: This is the standard procedure for venipuncture testing. Using a needle and sheath system, this procedure allows multiple sample tubes to be filled through a single puncture. This procedure is ideal for reducing trauma to patients. After drawing the blood, the phlebotomist must make sure the test stopper is correctly coded and doesn't contact exposed blood between samples. Venipuncture with a Butterfly Needle : This is a specialized procedure that utilizes a flexible, butterfly needle adaptor. A butterfly needle has two plastic wings (one on either side of the needle) and is connected to a flexible tube, which is then attached to a reservoir for the blood. Due to the small gauge of the needle and the flexibility of the tube, this procedure is used most often in pediatric care, where the patients tend to have smaller veins and are more likely to move around during the procedure. After being inserted into a vein at a shallow angle, the butterfly needle is held in place by the wings, which allow the phlebotomist to grasp the needle very close to the skin. Phlebotomists should be careful to watch for blood clots in the flexible tubing. Venipuncture with a Syringe: This technique is typically only used when there is a supply shortage, or when a technician thinks it is the appropriate method. It uses the classic needle, tube, and plunger system, operating in a similar manner to the vacuum tube but requiring multiple punctures for multiple samples. Additionally, after the blood is drawn it must be transferred to the appropriate vacuum tube for testing purposes. If you choose to use this method, remember to check for a sterile seal, and use a safety device when transferring the sample. Fingerstick (or Fingerprick): This procedure uses a medical lance to make a small incision in the upper capillaries of a patient's finger in order to collect a tiny blood sample. It is typically used to test glucose and insulin levels. When performing a Fingerstick, the phlebotomist should remember to lance the third or fourth finger on the non-dominant arm. Never lance the tip or the center of the finger pad; instead, lance perpendicular to the fingerprint lines. Heelstick (or Heelprick): Similar to the Fingerstick procedure, this process is used on infants under six months of age. A medical lance is used to create a small incision on the side of an infant's heel in order to collect small amounts of blood for screening. As with a Fingerstick, the incision should be made perpendicular to the heel lines, and it should be made far enough to the left or right side of the heel to avoid patient agitation. Before performing a Heelstick, the infant's heel should be warmed to about 42 degrees Celsius in order to stimulate capillary blood and gas flow. Therapeutic Phlebotomy: This involves the actual letting of blood in order to relieve chemical and pressure imbalances within the blood stream. Making use of a butterfly needle, this therapy provides a slow removal of up to one pint of blood. Though the blood removed is not used for blood transfusions, the procedure and concerns are the same as with routine blood donation. As with any phlebotomy procedure, one should pay close attention to the patient in order to prevent a blood overdraw. Bleeding Time: A simple diagnostic test that is used to determine abnormalities in blood clotting and platelet production. A shallow laceration is made, followed by sterile swabbing of the wound every 30 seconds until the bleeding stops. Average bleed times range between one and nine minutes. As a phlebotomist, you should familiarize yourself with the application and cross-application of these procedures in order to recognize when a procedure is necessary, and what the risks are for each.

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An animation of blood flow inside the Hemodialysis circuit.

About Dr. Rifai:
Dr. Ahmad Oussama Rifai is certified by the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) in the specialty of Internal Medicine and the sub-specialty of Nephrology.

MEET DR. RIFAI
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A penile prosthesis is another treatment option for men with erectile dysfunction. These devices are either malleable (bendable) or inflatable. The simplest type of prosthesis consists of a pair of malleable rods surgically implanted within the erection chambers of the penis. With this type of implant the penis is always semi-rigid and merely needs to be lifted or adjusted into the erect position to initiate sex. This type of implant is a good choice for men with spinal cord injuries and/or limited hand strength. Today, many men choose a hydraulic, inflatable prosthesis, which allows them to have an erection when they choose, and it's easier to conceal. It is also more natural. A penile implant is usually used when there is a clear medical cause for ED and when the problem is unlikely to resolve or improve naturally or with other medical treatments. Sometimes a penile prosthesis is implanted during surgery to reconstruct the penis when scarring has caused erections to curve (Peyronie's disease). Penile implant surgeries take about an hour and are typically done in an outpatient center. A man can resume sexual intercourse by 6 weeks after surgery.

.

Chapters

0:00 Introduction
1:04 Why do doctors perform laparoscopy?
2:11 How is laparoscopy performed?
3:22 Result
3:47 Risk of laparoscopy

Laparoscopy (from Ancient Greek λαπάρα (lapára) 'flank, side', and σκοπέω (skopéō) 'to see') is an operation performed in the abdomen or pelvis using small incisions (usually 0.5–1.5 cm) with the aid of a camera. The laparoscope aids diagnosis or therapeutic interventions with a few small cuts in the abdomen.[1]

Laparoscopic surgery, also called minimally invasive procedure, bandaid surgery, or keyhole surgery, is a modern surgical technique. There are a number of advantages to the patient with laparoscopic surgery versus an exploratory laparotomy. These include reduced pain due to smaller incisions, reduced hemorrhaging, and shorter recovery time. The key element is the use of a laparoscope, a long fiber optic cable system that allows viewing of the affected area by snaking the cable from a more distant, but more easily accessible location.

Laparoscopic surgery includes operations within the abdominal or pelvic cavities, whereas keyhole surgery performed on the thoracic or chest cavity is called thoracoscopic surgery. Specific surgical instruments used in laparoscopic surgery include obstetrical forceps, scissors, probes, dissectors, hooks, and retractors. Laparoscopic and thoracoscopic surgery belong to the broader field of endoscopy. The first laparoscopic procedure was performed by German surgeon Georg Kelling in 1901. There are two types of laparoscope:[2]

A telescopic rod lens system, usually connected to a video camera (single-chip or three-chip)
A digital laparoscope where a miniature digital video camera is placed at the end of the laparoscope, eliminating the rod lens system

The mechanism mentioned in the second type is mainly used to improve the image quality of flexible endoscopes, replacing conventional fiberscopes. Nevertheless, laparoscopes are rigid endoscopes. Rigidity is required in clinical practice. The rod-lens-based laparoscopes dominate overwhelmingly in practice, due to their fine optical resolution (50 µm typically, dependent on the aperture size used in the objective lens), and the image quality can be better than that of the digital camera if necessary. The second type of laparoscope is very rare in the laparoscope market and in hospitals.[citation needed]

Also attached is a fiber optic cable system connected to a "cold" light source (halogen or xenon) to illuminate the operative field, which is inserted through a 5 mm or 10 mm cannula or trocar. The abdomen is usually insufflated with carbon dioxide gas. This elevates the abdominal wall above the internal organs to create a working and viewing space. CO2 is used because it is common to the human body and can be absorbed by tissue and removed by the respiratory system. It is also non-flammable, which is important because electrosurgical devices are commonly used in laparoscopic procedures.[3]
Procedures
Surgeons perform laparoscopic stomach surgery.
Patient position

During the laparoscopic procedure, the position of the patient is either in Trendelenburg position or in reverse Trendelenburg. These positions have an effect on cardiopulmonary function. In Trendelenburg's position, there is an increased preload due to an increase in the venous return from lower extremities. This position results in cephalic shifting of the viscera, which accentuates the pressure on the diaphragm. In the case of reverse Trendelenburg position, pulmonary function tends to improve as there is a caudal shifting of viscera, which improves tidal volume by a decrease in the pressure on the diaphragm. This position also decreases the preload on the heart and causes a decrease in the venous return leading to hypotension. The pooling of blood in the lower extremities increases the stasis and predisposes the patient to develop deep vein thrombosis (DVT).[4]
Gallbladder

Rather than a minimum 20 cm incision as in traditional (open) cholecystectomy, four incisions of 0.5–1.0 cm, or more recently, a single incision of 1.5–2.0 cm,[5] will be sufficient to perform a laparoscopic removal of a gallbladder. Since the gallbladder is similar to a small balloon that stores and releases bile, it can usually be removed from the abdomen by suctioning out the bile and then removing the deflated gallbladder through the 1 cm incision at the patient's navel. The length of postoperative stay in the hospital is minimal, and same-day discharges are possible in cases of early morning procedures.[citation needed]
Colon and kidney

Mouth ulcers are sores that appear in the mouth, often on the inside of the cheeks. Mouth ulcers, also known as aphthous ulcers, can be painful when eating, drinking or brushing teeth. Occasional mouth ulcers are usually harmless and clear up on their own. Seek medical advice if they last longer than 3 weeks or keep coming back. Mouth ulcers cannot be caught from someone else. Up to 1 in 5 people get recurrent mouth ulcers.

Cardiovascular Examination Clinical skills - Medical School Revision - Dr Gill

The cardiac exam is one of the clinical skills that medical students learn completely, as more often than not, patients will consult regularly about chest pain, and it is important to be able to identify key cardiovascular signs

As a junior doctor, the examination of the cardiovascular system can be almost a dreaded examination, as cardiac murmurs can literally take years of exposure in order to gain confidence with their identification through cardiac auscultation.

This video demonstrates not merely the examination of the heart, but the complete cardiovascular system including its peripheries.

I hope these clinical skill revision videos are helpful, please like and subscribe and join the community so that we can create more effective videos to help with your journey through medical school

#ClinicalExamination #ASMR #drgill
Some people have found this video useful for ASMR

The typical radiograph is of a well-defined, rounded, retrocardiac opacity with an air-fluid level. In this image, the radiolucent gas is highlighted in blue, while the gastric contents are highlighted in the green. In many cases of hiatal hernia, there will not be an air bubble below the left hemidiaphragm. This is a relatively expected finding considering that the stomach is no longer in its usual position. The anatomical position of the herniated organ can be further elucidated on the lateral radiograph. Here we can see that the stomach is in the middle mediastinum posterior to the heart and above the diaphragm. Hiatal hernias can look similar to a retrocardiac lung abscess or another cavitary lesion, but it will change in size and shape between radiographs. Large hernias can shift the mediastinum to the right and result in a widening of the carinal angle. They can even give the appearance of cardiomegaly. In this radiograph, the cardiac silhouette is distinctly visible within the confines of the hiatal hernia. To review, a hiatal hernia on an AP chest radiograph typically appears as a round retrocardiac opacity with an air-fluid level.

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Disclaimer: All the information provided by Medical Education for Visual Learners and associated videos are strictly for informational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for medical advice from your health care provider or physician. It should not be used to overrule the advice of a qualified healthcare provider, nor to provide advice for emergency medical treatment. If you think that you or someone that you know may be suffering from a medical condition, then please consult your physician or seek immediate medical attention.

Renal artery stenosis is a narrowing of arteries that carry blood to one or both of the kidneys. Most often seen in older people with atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries), renal artery stenosis can worsen over time and often leads to hypertension (high blood pressure) and kidney damage.