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Multiple Myeloma Mechanism of Action
Multiple Myeloma Mechanism of Action samer kareem 1,511 Views • 2 years ago

The pathobiology of MM is complex and the root underlying cause of myeloma is the multistep genetic changes in the postgerminal center B cell. In addition, the bone marrow microenvironment plays a crucial role.[2] The interaction between myeloma cells and the microenvironment is mediated through adhesive interactions via cell-surface receptors, paracrine loops involving several cytokines, such as IL-6, VEGF and IL-10, and suppression of cell-mediated immunity.[2–4] IMiDs modulate many of these interactions leading to decreased myeloma cell growth and survival. Thalidomide was the first IMiD introduced to treat MM. It was initially synthesized in Germany in the late 1950s to treat insomnia and morning sickness. It was withdrawn from the market in 1961 because of its teratogenic effects. Its immunomodulatory properties were realized when it was observed to improve erythema nodosum leprosum, a painful immunologic reaction of leprosy, leading to its approval by the FDA in 1998 with tight prescribing and marketing regulations. Subsequent research showed the diverse mechanism of action of thalidomide including its immunomodulatory effect by inhibition of de novo IgM antibody synthesis,[5] modulation of the T-cell subset by increasing the T-helper cells, inhibitory effects on the TNF-α and antiangiogenic activity leading to its use in MM. Significantly higher response rates in combination with dexamethasone led to its approval in the treatment of newly diagnosed MM in 2006. Lenalidomide, a second-generation IMiD, was developed from the structural backbone of the thalidomide molecule by the addition of an amino group (NH2-) at position 4 of the phthaloyl ring and removal of the carbonyl group (C = O) of the 4-amino-substituted phthaloyl ring (Table 1).[6] In addition to immunomodulatory effects, other mechanisms of action have been described such as direct cytotoxicity via induction of apoptosis, inhibition of cell adhesion molecules and inhibition of growth signals that promote bone marrow angiogenesis

Blackhead Removal
Blackhead Removal samer kareem 10,432 Views • 2 years ago

There is nothing that compares to the fresh-faced feeling you have when you leave the aesthetician after a facial. There is just something so freeing about knowing that nasty little buggers like blackheads, whiteheads and all other kinds of heads have been given the heave-ho. That could be why this Facebook video of a blackhead being removed has gone viral. With more than 24 million views, the popular video is weirdly difficult to stop watching.

100 Facts About The Human Body
100 Facts About The Human Body Scott 1,686 Views • 2 years ago

These are amazing 100 facts about the human body, see how many you know!

How Deep Vein Thrombosis develop
How Deep Vein Thrombosis develop samer kareem 7,932 Views • 2 years ago

In Deep Vein Thrombosis, blood clot is able to reach the heart and from there it transport to the arteries of the lungs, where it may stuck in the...

Repair of Pectus Excavatum.
Repair of Pectus Excavatum. Alicia Berger 1,672 Views • 2 years ago

Surgical Repair of Pectus Excavatum. Pectus excavatum is a condition in which a person's breastbone is sunken into his or her chest.

Don't cleanse your contact lenses with tap water.
Don't cleanse your contact lenses with tap water. samer kareem 1,399 Views • 2 years ago

Don't cleanse your contact lenses with tap water.

Human heart & Electric Beat-Pacemakers
Human heart & Electric Beat-Pacemakers samer kareem 7,253 Views • 2 years ago

Vediographic-Electric Beat-Pacemakers and the human heart

Front Tooth Filling
Front Tooth Filling samer kareem 2,154 Views • 2 years ago

Tooth colored composite fillings are chemically bonded to teeth. For this reason, the placement of white fillings does not always require numbing the area being restored. Numbing (anesthetizing) the area is often required if tooth decay has progressed beneath the enamel layer and into the underlying dentin layer which surrounds the nerve of the tooth. Once decay is removed, the tooth is cleaned and a primer (weak acid) is applied to the area being restored. The primer opens pores in the enamel and dentin. A bonding agent is then flowed into the open pores and cured. Curing prepares the bonding agent to adhere to the tooth colored filling material. The filling material is then placed inside the tooth. After shaping the tooth colored filling material to resemble the natural anatomy of your tooth it is hardened by curing with a strong curing light. Once the white filling hardens, your bite will be checked to make sure your teeth fit together properly. If the tooth filling extends into the space between your teeth your dentist will also make sure you can floss between your teeth properly. Adjustments will be made if necessary followed by smoothing and polishing of your new filling..

Interventricular Heart Pump
Interventricular Heart Pump samer kareem 3,731 Views • 2 years ago

This device could save thousands of lives from heart failure.

Treats type 2 diabetes by promoting weight loss
Treats type 2 diabetes by promoting weight loss samer kareem 4,095 Views • 2 years ago

This system treats type 2 diabetes by promoting weight loss.

Anorectal Malformation
Anorectal Malformation samer kareem 1,895 Views • 2 years ago

Anorectal malformations are defects that occur during the fifth to seventh weeks of fetal development. With these defects, the anus (opening at the end of the large intestine through which stool passes) and the rectum (area of the large intestine just above the anus) do not develop properly

See inside the lungs!
See inside the lungs! samer kareem 17,354 Views • 2 years ago

Bronchoscopy Procedure - See inside the lungs!

Love Your Mother
Love Your Mother samer kareem 10,378 Views • 2 years ago

Always Love Your Mother Because You Will Never Get Another

Steps can relieve Anxiety
Steps can relieve Anxiety samer kareem 1,571 Views • 2 years ago

When anxiety takes hold, these steps can help you regain control.

Paralisis Del Sueño, Como Combatir El Insomnio, Insomnio Tratamiento, Consejos Para Dormir Bien
Paralisis Del Sueño, Como Combatir El Insomnio, Insomnio Tratamiento, Consejos Para Dormir Bien Marky123 1,883 Views • 2 years ago

http://cure-insomnio-para-siempre.good-info.co/ Paralisis Del Sueño, Como Combatir El Insomnio, Insomnio Tratamiento, Consejos Para Dormir Bien. https://youtu.be/kYvaazgJMv4 Seguramente después de haber leído usted se habrá hecho una pregunta clave: ¿Comer mal afecta al insomnio? La respuesta es sí. Una mala dieta es razón de suficiente para padecer de insomnio y es por ello que es importante que usted modifique sus conductas alimenticias si quiere disfrutar de un sueño reparador. La ingesta exagerada de carbohidratos y grasas puede llegar a perturbar nuestro metabolismo y dificulta nuestra digestión, haciendo de este modo, le sea imposible conciliar el sueño. ¿Se Puede Combatir El Insomnio Con Una Dieta? Lo primero que debe saber acerca de la dieta y su relación con el insomnio es que el mejor régimen para terminar con es la prevención y la planificación: haga una rutina firme, coma siempre a la misma hora y evite ingerir alimentos media hora antes dormir. También le recomiendo que no abuse de la cafeína ni de los carbohidratos. Evite además los alimentos que no sean fáciles de digerir o que le provocan algún tipo de alergia. ¿Existen Alimentos Que Combatan El Insomnio? Hay algunos elementos que pueden ayudarlo a conciliar el sueño y sentirse relajado y distendido a la hora de prepararse para el descanso. Tenga en cuenta, fundamentalmente, si usted padece de insomnio, que lo ideal es optar por una cena frugal y reposada a fin de evitar sobresaltos y condiciones que no le permitan dormir profundamente. ¿Qué Alimentos Debe Considerar Para Evitar El Insomnio? Hay una serie de alimentos concretos que usted puede considerar en si dieta para irse a la cama con la expectativa de un mejor sueño. Estos son alguno de los alimentos que debe evitar: Paralisis Del Sueño, Como Combatir El Insomnio, Insomnio Tratamiento, Consejos Para Dormir Bien

Syphilis Test procedure
Syphilis Test procedure Dave Sanders 5,818 Views • 2 years ago

How to use a Syphilis rapid test kit for self-diagnosis of Syphilis (fingerstick blood). Convenient, Easy to Use, and over 99% Accurate. Certified GMP and ISO13485. Test yourself at home with Complete Privacy. Buy online today at: http://www.stdrapidtest.com

Traditional African Brain Surgery.
Traditional African Brain Surgery. Kennedy Kimemia 5,098 Views • 2 years ago

An African traditional healer performing a brain surgery.

Removing Hand Caught Inside Meat Grinder
Removing Hand Caught Inside Meat Grinder hooda 47,920 Views • 2 years ago

Watch that video of Removing Hand Caught Inside Meat Grinder

Medical Videos - Pulling Out Teeth Full of Worms
Medical Videos - Pulling Out Teeth Full of Worms hooda 37,890 Views • 2 years ago

Watch that video of Pulling Out Teeth Full of Worms and Maggots

Indian boy has 232 teeth removed from his mouth
Indian boy has 232 teeth removed from his mouth hooda 21,864 Views • 2 years ago

Watch that video of Indian boy has 232 teeth removed from his mouth

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