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Hemothorax
Hemothorax samer kareem 1,465 Views • 2 years ago

hemothorax is most often defined as rapid accumulation of ≥ 1000 mL of blood. Shock is common. Patients with large hemorrhage volume are often dyspneic and have decreased breath sounds and dullness to percussion (often difficult to appreciate during initial evaluation of patients with multiple injuries).

Antiepileptics Drugs
Antiepileptics Drugs samer kareem 2,529 Views • 2 years ago

Modern treatment of seizures started in 1850 with the introduction of bromides, which was based on the theory that epilepsy was caused by an excessive sex drive. In 1910, phenobarbital (PHB), which then was used to induce sleep, was found to have antiseizure activity and became the drug of choice for many years. A number of medications similar to PHB were developed, including primidone.

Anti-phospholipid Syndrome
Anti-phospholipid Syndrome samer kareem 1,766 Views • 2 years ago

Antiphospholipid (AN-te-fos-fo-LIP-id) syndrome occurs when your immune system attacks some of the normal proteins in your blood. It can cause blood clots in your arteries or veins. And it can cause pregnancy complications, such as miscarriage and stillbirth. Blood clots in your leg veins cause a condition known as deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Damage from blood clots in your organs, such as your kidneys, lungs or brain, depends on the extent and location of the clot. For instance, a clot in your brain can cause a stroke. There's no cure for antiphospholipid syndrome, but medications can reduce your risk of blood clots.

Cheapest Best Weight Loss
Cheapest Best Weight Loss samer kareem 5,494 Views • 2 years ago

Cheapest Best Weight Loss Diet Ever

Heart Failure (part 2)
Heart Failure (part 2) samer kareem 1,231 Views • 2 years ago

Not all conditions that lead to heart failure can be reversed, but treatments can improve the signs and symptoms of heart failure and help you live longer. Lifestyle changes — such as exercising, reducing salt in your diet, managing stress and losing weight — can improve your quality of life.

How Do You Get Hepatitis A?
How Do You Get Hepatitis A? samer kareem 1,158 Views • 2 years ago

The hepatitis A virus, which causes the infection, usually is spread when a person ingests even tiny amounts of contaminated fecal matter. The hepatitis A virus infects liver cells and causes inflammation. The inflammation can impair liver function and cause other signs and symptoms of hepatitis A. Hepatitis A virus can be transmitted several ways, such as: Eating food handled by someone with the virus who doesn't thoroughly wash his or her hands after using the toilet Drinking contaminated water Eating raw shellfish from water polluted with sewage Being in close contact with a person who's infected — even if that person has no signs or symptoms Having sex with someone who has the virus

Wound Closure Near Eyebrow
Wound Closure Near Eyebrow samer kareem 6,742 Views • 2 years ago

Demonstration of Burke-Baier wound closure forceps on simulated wound near eyebrow.

Life Journey
Life Journey samer kareem 1,756 Views • 2 years ago

9 Months In The Womb: A Remarkable Look At Fetal Development Through Ultrasound

Multiple Myeloma Mechanism of Action
Multiple Myeloma Mechanism of Action samer kareem 1,511 Views • 2 years ago

The pathobiology of MM is complex and the root underlying cause of myeloma is the multistep genetic changes in the postgerminal center B cell. In addition, the bone marrow microenvironment plays a crucial role.[2] The interaction between myeloma cells and the microenvironment is mediated through adhesive interactions via cell-surface receptors, paracrine loops involving several cytokines, such as IL-6, VEGF and IL-10, and suppression of cell-mediated immunity.[2–4] IMiDs modulate many of these interactions leading to decreased myeloma cell growth and survival. Thalidomide was the first IMiD introduced to treat MM. It was initially synthesized in Germany in the late 1950s to treat insomnia and morning sickness. It was withdrawn from the market in 1961 because of its teratogenic effects. Its immunomodulatory properties were realized when it was observed to improve erythema nodosum leprosum, a painful immunologic reaction of leprosy, leading to its approval by the FDA in 1998 with tight prescribing and marketing regulations. Subsequent research showed the diverse mechanism of action of thalidomide including its immunomodulatory effect by inhibition of de novo IgM antibody synthesis,[5] modulation of the T-cell subset by increasing the T-helper cells, inhibitory effects on the TNF-α and antiangiogenic activity leading to its use in MM. Significantly higher response rates in combination with dexamethasone led to its approval in the treatment of newly diagnosed MM in 2006. Lenalidomide, a second-generation IMiD, was developed from the structural backbone of the thalidomide molecule by the addition of an amino group (NH2-) at position 4 of the phthaloyl ring and removal of the carbonyl group (C = O) of the 4-amino-substituted phthaloyl ring (Table 1).[6] In addition to immunomodulatory effects, other mechanisms of action have been described such as direct cytotoxicity via induction of apoptosis, inhibition of cell adhesion molecules and inhibition of growth signals that promote bone marrow angiogenesis

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Pathophysiology
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Pathophysiology samer kareem 2,178 Views • 2 years ago

ARDS was recognized as the most severe form of acute lung injury (ALI), a form of diffuse alveolar injury. The AECC defined ARDS as an acute condition characterized by bilateral pulmonary infiltrates and severe hypoxemia in the absence of evidence for cardiogenic pulmonary edema. The severity of hypoxemia necessary to make the diagnosis of ARDS was defined by the ratio of the partial pressure of oxygen in the patient’s arterial blood (PaO2) to the fraction of oxygen in the inspired air (FiO2). ARDS was defined by a PaO2/FiO2 ratio of less than 200, and in ALI, less than 300. This definition was further refined in 2011 by a panel of experts and is termed the Berlin definition of ARDS. [3] ARDS is defined by timing (within 1 wk of clinical insult or onset of respiratory symptoms); radiographic changes (bilateral opacities not fully explained by effusions, consolidation, or atelectasis); origin of edema (not fully explained by cardiac failure or fluid overload); and severity based on the PaO2/FiO2 ratio on 5 cm of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). The 3 categories are mild (PaO2/FiO2 200-300), moderate (PaO2/FiO2 100-200), and severe (PaO2/FiO2 ≤100).

Blackhead Removal
Blackhead Removal samer kareem 10,432 Views • 2 years ago

There is nothing that compares to the fresh-faced feeling you have when you leave the aesthetician after a facial. There is just something so freeing about knowing that nasty little buggers like blackheads, whiteheads and all other kinds of heads have been given the heave-ho. That could be why this Facebook video of a blackhead being removed has gone viral. With more than 24 million views, the popular video is weirdly difficult to stop watching.

100 Facts About The Human Body
100 Facts About The Human Body Scott 1,686 Views • 2 years ago

These are amazing 100 facts about the human body, see how many you know!

How Deep Vein Thrombosis develop
How Deep Vein Thrombosis develop samer kareem 7,932 Views • 2 years ago

In Deep Vein Thrombosis, blood clot is able to reach the heart and from there it transport to the arteries of the lungs, where it may stuck in the...

Human heart & Electric Beat-Pacemakers
Human heart & Electric Beat-Pacemakers samer kareem 7,253 Views • 2 years ago

Vediographic-Electric Beat-Pacemakers and the human heart

Interventricular Heart Pump
Interventricular Heart Pump samer kareem 3,731 Views • 2 years ago

This device could save thousands of lives from heart failure.

Treats type 2 diabetes by promoting weight loss
Treats type 2 diabetes by promoting weight loss samer kareem 4,095 Views • 2 years ago

This system treats type 2 diabetes by promoting weight loss.

Warts, Are they contagious?
Warts, Are they contagious? samer kareem 1,751 Views • 2 years ago

A short story about Warts, Are they contagious?

Anorectal Malformation
Anorectal Malformation samer kareem 1,895 Views • 2 years ago

Anorectal malformations are defects that occur during the fifth to seventh weeks of fetal development. With these defects, the anus (opening at the end of the large intestine through which stool passes) and the rectum (area of the large intestine just above the anus) do not develop properly

See inside the lungs!
See inside the lungs! samer kareem 17,354 Views • 2 years ago

Bronchoscopy Procedure - See inside the lungs!

Love Your Mother
Love Your Mother samer kareem 10,378 Views • 2 years ago

Always Love Your Mother Because You Will Never Get Another

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