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Histological features and cellular biology of exocrine glands. This video is a part of our Histology Video Course (https://youtube.com/playlist?l....ist=PLnr1l7WuQdDynxT
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Vaginal discharge serves an important housekeeping function in the female reproductive system. Fluid made by glands inside the vagina and cervix carries away dead cells and bacteria. This keeps the vagina clean and helps prevent infection. Most of the time, vaginal discharge is perfectly normal. The amount can vary, as can odor and hue (its color can range from clear to a milky white-ish), depending on the time in your menstrual cycle. For example, there will be more discharge if you are ovulating, breastfeeding, or are sexually aroused. The smell may be different if you are pregnant or you haven't been diligent about your personal hygiene. None of those changes is cause for alarm. However, if the color, smell, or consistency seems significantly unusual, especially if it accompanied by vaginal itching or burning, you could be noticing an infection or other condition. What causes abnormal discharge? Any change in the vagina's balance of normal bacteria can affect the smell, color, or discharge texture. These are a few of the things that can upset that balance:
(cryptorchidism) is a testicle that hasn't moved into its proper position in the bag of skin hanging below the penis (scrotum) before birth. Usually just one testicle is affected, but about 10 percent of the time both testicles are undescended. An undescended testicle is uncommon in general, but common among baby boys born prematurely. The vast majority of the time, the undescended testicle moves into the proper position on its own, within the first few months of life. If your son has an undescended testicle that doesn't correct itself, surgery can relocate the testicle into the scrotum.
Elbow Exam - Orthopaedic OSCE - Clinical Skills - Dr Gill
The elbow examination is a core skill - in this video, we demonstrate how to perform an elbow EXAM for an Orthopaedic Clinical Skills OSCE, which should be one of the more accessible examination stations for medical students.
For a passing grade in your Clinical Skills OSCE, an elbow assessment should follow the LOOK, FEEL, MOVE approach
Initially looking for erythema, scars, swelling and position
Palpating the elbow - specifically the olecranon, medial and lateral epicondyles, and radial head for heat, oedema and crepitus
Finally assess range of movement with flexion and extension at the elbow, before determining for tennis and golfers' elbows
Watch further orthopaedic examinations for your OSCE revision:
The Elbow - Deep Dive
https://youtu.be/SX5buhtCVDw
The Spine Examination:
https://youtu.be/pJxMHa6SCgU
The Knee examination
https://youtu.be/oyKH4EYfJDM
The Hip examination
https://youtu.be/JC9GKq5nSdQ
The GALS examination
https://youtu.be/5qJaf7gW-B0 - Gait, Arms, Legs, Spine - GALS screen
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Please note that there is no ABSOLUTE way to perform a clinical examination. Different institutions and even clinicians will have differing degrees of variations - the aim is the effectively identify medically relevant signs.
However during OSCE assessments. Different medical schools, nursing colleges and other health professional courses will have their own preferred approach to a clinical assessment - you should concentrate on THEIR marks schemes for your assessments.
The examination demonstrated here is derived from Macleods Clinical Examination - a recognised standard textbook for clinical skills.
Some people viewing this medical examination video may experience an ASMR effect
#clinicalskills #Elbow #DrGill
Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain a prevalent threat to patient safety. Proper surgical hand scrub or rub techniques are essential to decreasing the incidence of SSIs. This video provides instructions on the anatomical surgical hand scrub procedure using the brushstroke method. Learn more from the Department of Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control (HEIC) at The Johns Hopkins Hospital: http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/heic