Worldclass Lasik offers cataract surgery eye center, LASIK surgical excellence, New York Lasik surgery, vision correction surgery, state of the art surgical laser technology.

New York Lasik

Neurotransmitter 3D Animation
on Tuesday, December 21, 2010




Neurotransmitters are endogenous chemicals which transmit signals from a neuron to a target cell across a synapse. Neurotransmitters are packaged into synaptic vesicles clustered beneath the membrane on the presynaptic side of a synapse, and are released into the synaptic cleft, where they bind to receptors in the membrane on the postsynaptic side of the synapse. Release of neurotransmitters usually follows arrival of an action potential at the synapse, but may also follow graded electrical potentials. Low level "baseline" release also occurs without electrical stimulation. Neurotransmitters are synthesized from plentiful and simple precursors, such as amino acids, which are readily available from the diet and which require only a small number of biosynthetic steps to convert. The chemical identity of neurotransmitters is often difficult to determine experimentally. For example, it is easy using an electron microscope to recognize vesicles on the presynaptic side of a synapse, but it may not be easy to determine directly what chemical is packed into them. The difficulties led to many historical controversies over whether a given chemical was or was not clearly established as a transmitter. In an effort to give some structure to the arguments, neurochemists worked out a set of experimentally tractable rules. According to the prevailing beliefs of the 1960s, a chemical can be classified as a neurotransmitter if it meets the following conditions: * There are precursors and/or synthesis enzymes located in the presynaptic side of the synapse. * The chemical is present in the presynaptic element. * It is available in sufficient quantity in the presynaptic neuron to affect the postsynaptic neuron; * There are postsynaptic receptors and the chemical is able to bind to them. * A biochemical mechanism for inactivation is present. There are many different ways to classify neurotransmitters. Dividing them into amino acids, peptides, and monoamines is sufficient for some classification purposes. Major neurotransmitters: * Amino acids: glutamate, aspartate, D-serine, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine * Monoamines and other biogenic amines: dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (noradrenaline; NE, NA), epinephrine (adrenaline), histamine, serotonin (SE, 5-HT), melatonin * Others: acetylcholine (ACh), adenosine, anandamide, nitric oxide, etc. In addition, over 50 neuroactive peptides have been found, and new ones are discovered regularly. Many of these are "co-released" along with a small-molecule transmitter, but in some cases a peptide is the primary transmitter at a synapse. β-endorphin is a relatively well known example of a peptide neurotransmitter; it engages in highly specific interactions with opioid receptors in the central nervous system. Single ions, such as synaptically released zinc, are also considered neurotransmitters by some[by whom?], as are some gaseous molecules such as nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). These are not classical neurotransmitters by the strictest definition, however, because although they have all been shown experimentally to be released by presynaptic terminals in an activity-dependent way, they are not packaged into vesicles. By far the most prevalent transmitter is glutamate, which is excitatory at well over 90% of the synapses in the human brain. The next most prevalent is GABA, which is inhibitory at more than 90% of the synapses that do not use glutamate. Even though other transmitters are used in far fewer synapses, they may be very important functionally—the great majority of psychoactive drugs exert their effects by altering the actions of some neurotransmitter systems, often acting through transmitters other than glutamate or GABA. Addictive drugs such as cocaine and amphetamine exert their effects primarily on the dop

Medical students at Johns Hopkins University are getting a real-life birthing experience when a robot goes into labor. Kasey-Dee Gardner reports.

USMLE Step 2 CS - Hemetemesis This is just preview video. To get full access please visit our website : www.usmletutoring.com

This video is showing INDUSTRY PROVIDES SINCE DECADES JUST MASS-PRODUCED METAL SCREWS OR ZYLINDERS WHICH DO NOT REPRESENT THE NATURAL DENTAL ROOT NEITHER IN FORM NOR COLOR. THEREFORE THE PATIENT HAS OFTEN TO UNDERGO A SERIES OF STRAINING AND COSTLY OPERATIONS WHEN IMMEDIATE IMPLANTOLOGY IS PERFORMED. IN CONTRAST TO THIS STONE AGE METHOD YOUR DENTAL ROOT IS MILLED (CAD/CAM TECHNOLOGY) IN ZIRCONIA AND SEATED IN JUST 2 MINUTES , NO DRILLING, NO AUGMENTATION, NO MEMBRANES, ABSOLUTE FLAPLESS, NO 3D PLANNING, NO CAD/CAM SPLINTS OR GUIDED SURGERY ARE REQUIRED! EASY AND CONSEQUENTIAL SYSTEM. PLEASE NO MORE INCONGRUOUS AND UGLY SILVER-COLORED TITANIUM IMPLANTS IN TIME CONSUMING, PAINFUL AND COSTLY PROCEDURES. IT`S HIGH TIME TO RESPECT THE ANATOMY NOT ALTER IT BY DRILLING AND AUGMENTATION. BIOIMPLANT

An animation showing the corticospinal tract. Please read your notes while watching the video because it is not narrated.

A video showing squared notch

For patients looking to slim down their neck and achieve a more contoured and sculpted jaw line, then Tampa chin liposuction at the Artistic Lipo Sculpting Center is the answer! This one procedure can literally make patients look 10 years younger and 20 lbs lighter. Dr. Thomas Su is specialized in performing Liposuction procedures and consistently achieves stunning results for his Tampa patients. To find out more about Tampa neck lipo, visit http://www.artlipo.com/liposuction/liposuction-body-areas/lipo-chin---neck.html

ROTIGS medical device by Honolulu inventor Dr. Brad NaPier makes difficult airway intubations easier for medical professionals.

This clip shows the basic steps of inserting V.T> tubes. This surgery is performed for the treatment of OME resistent to medical TTT.

This clip shows the adenoids as seen endoscopically. You can also see the clefts of the adenoids clearly demonstrated.

This clip shows an endoscopic view of the vocal cords with the endotracheal tube in place. The patient was intubated by Dr. Khaled Soliman and photographed by Dr. Mohammed Wahba.

You can see more videos on ENT channel.

An automated external defibrillator or AED is a portable electronic device that automatically diagnoses the potentially life threatening cardiac arrhythmias of ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia in a patient,[1] and is able to treat them through defibrillation, the application of electrical therapy which stops the arrhythmia, allowing the heart to reestablish an effective rhythm. The first AED was originally designed and created by American biomedical engineer Joshua L. Koelker and Italian emergency medical professional Jordan M. Blondino to allow defibrillation in common public places. AEDs are designed to be simple to use for the layman, and the use of AEDs is taught in many first aid, first responder, and basic life support (BLS) level CPR classes.

Pregnancy All Weeks HD Animation: From www.MedicalVideos.us Showing the progress and mechanisms of pregnancy in each week.

Beating Coronary Heart Surgery

OPAXIO Mechanism of Action

Anatomy of The Pelvic Outlet and Perineum

Histology of Tongue

Histology of Endochondral Ossification