NEUROLOGICAL EXAMINATION

In order to be able to look at tissues under a microscope, we need to first stain them with the right technique. Learn the main staining techniques used in histology today on our full video: https://khub.me/aux9w

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As you probably know, histology is the study of the microscopic anatomy of cells and tissues. So we use staining methods to visualize and distinguish the different parts of cells and tissues since cells and their structures are usually transparent or colorless. The types of dyes used to color cells and their components can either be specific to particular structures, chemical groups or even molecules, and it can also be non-specific in which case most of the cell is stained in the same way.

When staining tissue samples, dyes that are used are either acidic or basic or a combination of the two. And why is that, you might be asking. Well, cellular structures such as nucleic acids or proteins have charged groups which are known as phosphate groups or carboxyl groups, just to name a couple. The dyes used in histology are colored organic compounds which also have a charge. Acidic dyes carry a negative charge and so they bind to positively-charged cell structures.

In the full version of this tutorial, we will cover some of the most common types of dyes used in histological staining of cells and their structures:
- basic dyes vs acidic dyes vs neutral dyes;
- hematoxylin and eosin;
- PAS - staining;
- Golgi method;
- Toluidine blue;
- Masson's trichrome;
- Osmium tetroxide;

To master this topic, click on the link and carry on watching the full video (available to Premium members): https://khub.me/aux9w !

Want to test your knowledge on the different types of cells and tissues? Take this quiz: https://khub.me/3g19f

Read more on how to interpret different histological sections on this complete article which goes through the different stains used in histology https://khub.me/saimh

For more engaging video tutorials, interactive quizzes, articles and an atlas of Human anatomy and histology, go to https://khub.me/pkvz2

A tracheotomy or a tracheostomy is an opening surgically created through the neck into the trachea (windpipe) to allow direct access to the breathing tube and is commonly done in an operating room under general anesthesia. A tube is usually placed through this opening to provide an airway and to remove secretions from the lungs. Breathing is done through the tracheostomy tube rather than through the nose and mouth. The term “tracheotomy” refers to the incision into the trachea (windpipe) that forms a temporary or permanent opening, which is called a “tracheostomy,” however; the terms are sometimes used interchangeably.

The MINI tummy-tuck is a lesser variant of the classic tummy tuck. The MINI tummy-tuck always involved skin excision (often a scar revision and skin excision of the flabby skin over a C-section scar or hysterectomy or laparotomy scar) but may also involve liposuction, umbilical floating, etc. Commonly it will not include any muscle repair otherwise it it now a classic tummy tuck (aka abdominoplasty). Cost varies depending on the components involved. Here, Toronto Aesthetic Plastic Surgeon Dr Marc DuPéré describes a MINI tummy-tuck done on a patient who had a Brazilian Butt Lift before (and skin harvesting from abdomen) and a recent 20 lbs weight loss, a patient who wants more liposuction to abdomen and flanks and whose skin has now lost elasticity, hence the requirement for this small skin excision. Dr DuPéré also explains what UMBILICAL floating means. Dr DuPéré performs more than 5 different techniques of tummy-tucks in Toronto and the technique chosen reflects the patient’s expectations and anatomy. Call us if interested in learning about YOUR options for a flatter tummy! 📱 416-929-9800

Patient consent obtained. Thank you to my patient.

Visage Clinic Toronto
https://www.visageclinic.com/
(416) 929-9800
101-133 Hazelton Avenue, Toronto, ON M5R 0A6
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Giant cell tumour is a locally aggressive primary bone tumour, located eccentrically in the metaphysis and epiphysis of a long bone. It commonly affects distal end of Femur, proximal end of Tibia and distal end of Radius. It is occasionally reported in small bones of hand and foot[1], spine[2] and pelvis[3]. Though it occurs in 20 - 35 year old individuals commonly, it can also be seen in children as young as 2 years[4] and also in older individuals

Plasma cell dyscrasias are disorders of the plasma cells. Plasma cell dyscrasias are produced as a result of abnormal proliferation of a monoclonal population of plasma cells that may or may not secrete detectable levels of a monoclonal immunoglobulin or immunoglobulin fragment (paraprotein or M protein).

In Reye's syndrome, a child's blood sugar level typically drops while the levels of ammonia and acidity in his or her blood rise. At the same time, the liver may swell and develop fatty deposits. Swelling may also occur in the brain, which can cause seizures, convulsions or loss of consciousness. The signs and symptoms of Reye's syndrome typically appear about three to five days after the onset of a viral infection, such as the flu (influenza) or chickenpox, or an upper respiratory infection, such as a cold

Shamika Burrage survived a near-fatal car accident two years ago, but not without losing something pretty important: her left ear. Now, thanks to a novel procedure performed at an Army medical center in Texas, Burrage is getting that ear back in a most unusual way. Plastic surgeons harvested cartilage from Burrage's ribs to create a new ear and then grew it under the skin of her forearm. Then the doctors at William Beaumont Army Medical Center in El Paso successfully transplanted the ear from her arm to her head. The technique -- a first time in the Army -- is called prelaminated forearm free flap, said Lt. Col. Owen Johnson III, chief of plastic and reconstructive surgery at William Beaumont Army Medical Center. Some of the big advantages of it is that it reduced the chance of more scarring around Burrage's ear. Also, growing the ear under the skin of her forearm allows new blood vessels to form. "(The ear) will have fresh arteries, fresh veins and even a fresh nerve so she'll be able to feel it," Johnson said on the US Army's website. Burrage, a 21-year-old private, still has to endure two more surgeries, but she's feeling more optimistic about the future than ever in the years since her accident. "It's been a long process for everything, but I'm back," said Burrage.

mammoplasty, is a surgical enhancement procedure to accentuate the size and shape of a woman’s breasts. While breast augmentation will make the breasts larger, the surgery will not move the breasts closer together or lift sagging breasts. Breast augmentation is tremendous help to patients who desire a fuller profile, who have lost breast volume due to pregnancy or nursing, or who have undergone breast reconstruction and want to gain a more natural look again.

During a standard abdominoplasty, Dr. Sanchez removes the excess skin of the lower abdomen. He repairs separated muscles, and pulls the skin down nice and tight. Lastly, a new hole is cut into the skin for the belly button. Let us know your questions!

To request a consultation with Dr. Sanchez, visit sanchezplasticsurgery.com and click Request a Consultation. Fill out the form and someone will get in touch with you to answer all your questions.

This form of liver cancer is called primary liver cancer. Noncancerous, or benign, liver tumors are common. They do not spread to other areas of the body, and they usually do not pose a serious health risk. In most cases, benign liver tumors are not detected because they cause no symptoms.

28 years old gentleman presented with huge liver abscess in the right lobe, with repeated attempts of percutaneous aspirations in the past. He was evaluated and subjected to Laparoscopic drainage. This video depicts feasibility of laparoscopy in deep seated liver abscesses. Video created by: Dr. Juneed M. Lanker Fellow Minimal Access Surgery Apollo Hospitals Chennai.

Full Body Centric is a video introduction to homeopathy from the perspective of patients newly using this form of treatment. Neither condemning conventional medicine or homeopathic medicine, it explores the philosophies and techniques behind homeopathy. Interviews include a range of experts and doctors from varying backgrounds and answers many of the questions that arise when starting any new path. What are the similarities and differences between the homeopathy and conventional medicine? What are in remedies and how are they made? Is this something that is useful for everyone?

LASIK eye surgery is commonly performed laser refractive surgery to correct vision problems. This 3d animation shows how laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (lasik) can be an alternative to glasses or contact lenses.

It’s one of many vision correction surgeries that work by reshaping your cornea, the clear front part of your eye, so that light focuses on the retina in the back of your eye.

In eyes with normal vision, the cornea bends (refracts) light precisely onto the retina at the back of the eye. But with nearsightedness (myopia), farsightedness (hyperopia) or astigmatism, the light is bent incorrectly, resulting in blurred vision.

During LASIK surgery, a special type of cutting laser is used to precisely change the shape of the dome-shaped clear tissue at the front of your eyes (cornea) to improve vision.

Glasses or contact lenses can correct vision, but reshaping the cornea itself also will provide the necessary refraction.

For more information about medical animation, please visit https://www.amerra.com

Watch more medical animations:

Craniectomy brain surgery - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/1RkseDeYS9g

Accessing an implantable port training - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/xSTpxjyv4O4

Open Suctioning with a Tracheostomy Tube - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/wamB7jpWCiQ

Ventriculostomy Brain Surgery - 3d animation: https://youtu.be/pUy0YDzVNzs

Suctioning the endotracheal tube - medical animation: https://youtu.be/pN6-EYoeh3g

Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/qKTRyowwaLA

How to insert a nasogastric tube for NG intubation - 3d animation: https://youtu.be/Abf3Gd6AaZQ

Oral airway insertion - oropharyngeal airway technique - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/caxUdNwjt34

Nasotracheal suctioning (NTS) - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/979jWMsF62c

Learn about hemorrhoids with #3d #animation: https://youtu.be/R6NqlMpsiiY

CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/G87knTZnhks

What are warts (HPV)? - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/guJ1J7rRs1w

How Macular Degeneration Affects Your Vision - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/ozZQIZ_52YY

NeoGraft hair transplant procedure – animation: https://youtu.be/C-eTdH2UPXI

McMurray's maneuver is used to detect the presence of meniscal tears. To detect a medial meniscal injury, the patient is put in a supine position with the knee in maximum flexion. One hand of the examiner is placed on the posteromedial margin of the involved knee and the other hand supports the foot. The tibia is then externally rotated, and the knee is extended slowly. The test is positive if there is an audible or palpable click or popping sensation during extension of the involved knee.

Sialadenitis is an infection of the salivary glands. It is usually caused by a virus or bacteria . The parotid (in front of the ear) and submandibular (under the chin) glands are most commonly affected. Sialadenitis may be associated with pain, tenderness, redness, and gradual, localized swelling of the affected area.

An omphalocele is a birth defect in which an infant's intestine or other abdominal organs are outside of the body because of a hole in the belly button (navel) area. The intestines are covered only by a thin layer of tissue and can be easily seen.

ICDs are useful in preventing sudden death in patients with known, sustained ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation. Studies have shown ICDs to have a role in preventing cardiac arrest in high-risk patients who haven't had, but are at risk for, life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. View an animation of an ICD. Newer-generation ICDs may have a dual function which includes the ability to serve as a pacemaker. The pacemaker feature would stimulate the heart to beat if the heart rate is detected to be too slow. What is an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD)? An ICD is a battery-powered device placed under the skin that keeps track of your heart rate. Thin wires connect the ICD to your heart. If an abnormal heart rhythm is detected the device will deliver an electric shock to restore a normal heartbeat if your heart is beating chaotically and much too fast. ICDs have been very useful in preventing sudden death in patients with known, sustained ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation. Studies have shown that they may have a role in preventing cardiac arrest in high-risk patients who haven't had, but are at risk for, life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias.

His father, Dr. Joseph Dello Russo, helped turn Lasik eye surgery into the widespread procedure it is today. Now he explains a new technique and how it differs.

Guillain-Barre syndrome is a rare disorder in which your body's immune system attacks your nerves. Weakness and tingling in your extremities are usually the first symptoms. These sensations can quickly spread, eventually paralyzing your whole body. In its most severe form Guillain-Barre syndrome is a medical emergency. Most people with the condition must be hospitalized to receive treatment. The exact cause of Guillain-Barre syndrome is unknown. But it is often preceded by an infectious illness such as a respiratory infection or the stomach flu. There's no known cure for Guillain-Barre syndrome, but several treatments can ease symptoms and reduce the duration of the illness. Most people recover from Guillain-Barre syndrome, though some may experience lingering effects from it, such as weakness, numbness or fatigue.