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The major elements of the cardiac exam include observation, palpation and, most importantly, auscultation (percussion is omitted). As with all other areas of the physical exam, establishing adequate exposure and a quiet environment are critical. Initially, the patient should rest supine with the upper body elevated 30 to 45 degrees. Most exam tables have an adjustable top. If not, use 2 or 3 pillows. Remember that although assessment of pulse and blood pressure are discussed in the vital signs section they are actually important elements of the cardiac exam.
This tutorial is an introduction to the histology of the different tissues in the human body and the cells they are made of. Test yourself on our cells and tissue histology quiz at https://khub.me/jnhny
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A tissue is a group of cells that has a similar structure and acts together to perform one or more specific functions. In this tutorial, we will introduce you to the 4 main types of tissues in the human body: epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue. Epithelial tissue creates protective boundaries and is involved in the diffusion of ions and molecules, whereas connective tissue underlies and supports other tissue types.
Muscle tissue contracts to initiate movement in the body and nervous tissue transmits and integrates information through the central and peripheral nervous systems.
In this video tutorial we will take a closer look at the histology of the main cells and tissues under the microscope.
- 0:33 introduction to histology
- 1:22 epithelial tissue histology and types
- 5:45 function of the basement membrane
- 6:20 connective tissue histology and structure
- 10:53 muscle tissue and types of muscle cells
- 13:11 basics of the nervous system
Want to test your knowledge on the cells and tissues of the human body? Take this quiz: https://khub.me/jnhny
Why don't you jump into the introduction of the cell and its components with our free article next? Find it here: https://khub.me/apv1d
For more engaging video tutorials, interactive quizzes, articles and an atlas of Human anatomy and histology, go to https://khub.me/wcyx7
Sex reassignment surgery for male-to-female involves reshaping the male genitals into a form with the appearance of, and, as far as possible, the function of female genitalia. Prior to any surgeries, patients usually undergo hormone replacement therapy (HRT), and, depending on the age at which HRT begins, facial hair removal. There are associated surgeries patients may elect to, including facial feminization surgery, breast augmentation, and various other procedures.
Here Drs Oetting and Shriver of the University of Iowa demonstrate the McCannel technique of fixing an IOL to the iris. In this video both the standard McCannel suture retrieval technique and the Siepser/Chang modifed technique are demonstrated. A 10-O prolene with a long curved ctc-6 needle is u...sed to place a suture through the iris and under an 3 piece IOL haptic. Using the standard technique the two ends of the suture are retrieved through a common paracentesis near the fixation site and tied externally. The other haptic is tied using the Siepser sliding knot technique as described by Chang for this indication with an internal knot. The standard technique is a bit easier but does not allow as thight a knot for fixation of the iris to the haptic.
Rubber band ligation is a procedure in which the hemorrhoid is tied off at its base with rubber bands, cutting off the blood flow to the hemorrhoid. This treatment is only for internal hemorrhoids. To do this procedure, a doctor inserts a viewing instrument (anoscope) into the anus. The hemorrhoid is grasped with an instrument, and a device places a rubber band around the base of the hemorrhoid. The hemorrhoid then shrinks and dies and, in about a week, falls off. A scar will form in place of the hemorrhoid, holding nearby veins so they don't bulge into the anal canal. The procedure is done in a doctor's office. You will be asked whether the rubber bands feel too tight. If the bands are extremely painful, a medicine may be injected into the banded hemorrhoids to numb them. After the procedure, you may feel pain and have a sensation of fullness in the lower abdomen. Or you may feel as if you need to have a bowel movement. Treatment is limited to 1 to 2 hemorrhoids at a time if done in the doctor's office. Several hemorrhoids may be treated at one time if the person has general anesthesia. Additional areas may be treated at 4- to 6-week intervals.
In this episode of Crash Course Anatomy & Physiology, Hank gives you a brief history of histology and introduces you to the different types and functions of your body's tissues.
Pssst... we made flashcards to help you review the content in this episode! Find them on the free Crash Course App!
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Chapters:
Introduction 00:00
Nervous, Muscle, Epithelial & Connective Tissues 1:23
History of Histology 2:07
Nervous Tissue Forms the Nervous System 5:17
Muscle Tissue Facilitates All Your Movements 7:00
Identifying Samples 9:03
Review 9:48
Credits 10:22
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