An animation of blood flow inside the hollow fiber of a hemofilter, or a dialyzer, and the flow of the dialysate in an opposite direction with increased extraction of waste and small molecules from the blood as the concentration of these molecules is reduced downstream and exposed to new dialysate.

To learn about Hemodialysis..
https://www.thevirtualnephrolo....gist.com/specialties

The Virtual Nephrologist is your gateway to optimal health.
To learn more about Hypertension, Kidney Disease and Dialysis:
https://thevirtualnephrologist.com/

About Dr. Rifai:
Dr. Ahmad Oussama Rifai is certified by the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) in the specialty of Internal Medicine and the sub-specialty of Nephrology.

MEET DR. RIFAI
https://www.thevirtualnephrologist.com/rifai/

Follow The Virtual Nephrologist on SOCIAL MEDIA:
-Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/thevirtualnephrologist
-Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/thevirtualnephrologist/
-Twitter: https://twitter.com/VNephrologist
-TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@thevirtualnephrologist

Schedule a virtual consult:
https://www.thevirtualnephrolo....gist.com/schedule-a-

Best wishes for great health | The Virtual Nephrologist

A cervical biopsy is a procedure that is sometimes done on women during an exam called a colposcopy to remove cervical tissue for examination. It is also called a punch biopsy. It is usually performed when a Pap smear result is either inconclusive or abnormal and a doctor wants to screen further for any cervical dysplasia or cervical cancer.

If you have pain on the inside of your knee, it’s likely due to an injury or arthritis. The following exercises will help strengthen and stretch your muscles to prevent further damage and improve mobility.
#kneepain #arthritis #kneepainrelief #kneeosteoarthritis
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
DISCLAIMER: This video and any related comments are not medical advice. Check with your own healthcare professional before attempting anything in this video. This information is only intended to show you the correct technique for physical therapy exercises and should not be used to self-diagnose or self-treat any medical condition. If you experience any pain or difficulty while doing these exercises, stop immediately and see your healthcare professional.

Join Dr. Parsia Vagefi, Chief of Surgical Transplantation and Dr. Steven Hanish, Surgical Director of Liver Transplantation, as they grant unprecedented access to the OR while performing a #Liver #Transplant #Surgery.
To find out more about UT Southwestern's transplant programs visit:
https://www.utswmed.org/transplant

Robotic Surgery Demonstration Using Da Vinci Surgical System

James Slover, MD, and Ivan Madrid, MD, describe the benefits of knee replacement surgery, the differences in partial and total knee replacement, and how the procedures are performed at NYU Langone.

Learn more about Dr. Slover: http://nyulangone.org/doctors/....1851355564/james-d-s

Learn more about Dr. Madrid: http://nyulangone.org/doctors/....1912940107/ivan-madr

To learn more about joint replacement surgery at NYU Langone, visit: http://nyulangone.org/location....s/center-for-musculo

This video shows how to perform the McMurray test, one of the most commonly used clinical assessment tools to assess for meniscal injuries in the knee.

This video clip is part of the FIFA Diploma in Football Medicine and the FIFA Medical Network. To enrol or to find our more click on the following link http://www.fifamedicalnetwork.com

The Diploma is a free online course designed to help clinicians learn how to diagnose and manage common football-related injuries and illnesses. There are a total of 42 modules created by football medicine experts. Visit a single page, complete individual modules or finish the entire course.

The network provides the opportunity for clinicians around the world to meet and share ideas relating to football medicine. Ask about an interesting case, debate current practice and discuss treatment strategies. Create a profile and log on to interact with other health professionals from around the globe.

This is not medical advice. The content is intended as educational content for health care professionals and students. If you are a patient, seek care of a health care professional.

Usually a sebaceous cyst grows very slowly and doesn't cause pain. However, they can become inflamed or infected, with the overlying skin becoming red, tender, and sore. Sometimes, they occur on a site that is constantly irritated, such as a cyst on your neck that rubs against your collar.

Bate's Visual Guide Pediatric Head-to-Toe Assessment

Macrobiopsy of breast lesions is a complicated procedure when performed with vacuum assisted biopsy tools. The Spirotome is a hand-held needle set that doesn’t need capital investment, is ready to use and provides tissue samples of high quality in substantial amounts. In this way quantitative molecular biology is possible with one tissue sample. The Coramate is an automated version of this direct and frontal technology

An African traditional healer performing a brain surgery.

Trichomonas is best seen on the Normal Saline slide.These protozoans are about the same size as a white blood cell (a little smaller than a vaginal epithelial cell), but their violent motion is striking and unmistakable.

Most condoms are made of latex rubber, but they can also be made from lamb cecum or polyurethane. In addition to their contraceptive value, condom use has been found effective in preventing the spread of sexually transmitted diseases.

Common types of fractures include: Stable fracture. The broken ends of the bone line up and are barely out of place. Open, compound fracture. The skin may be pierced by the bone or by a blow that breaks the skin at the time of the fracture. ... Transverse fracture. ... Oblique fracture. ... Comminuted fracture.

his patient had spilled boiling water on his lower leg a couple days before. This isn't complicated but the teaching points should focus on draining the large blistered areas and attempting to maintain moisture as long as we can so the skin doesn't contract down on itself.

Parkinson disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative condition. Typically beginning in the sixth or seventh decade of life, it is characterized by the unilateral onset of resting tremor in combination with varying degrees of rigidity and bradykinesia. PD was originally described by James Parkinson (1755-1824), a man of many talents and interests. Parkinson published works on chemistry, paleontology, and other diverse topics. Early in his career he was a social activist championing the rights of the disenfranchised and poor. His efforts in this area were enough to result in his arrest and appearance before the Privy Council in London on at least one occasion. In collaboration with his son, who was a surgeon, he also offered the first description in the English language of a ruptured appendix. His small but famous publication, "Essay on the Shaking Palsy," was published in 1817, seven years before his death. The clinical descriptions of 6 cases was remarkable in part because he never actually examined the people he described. Instead, he had simply observed these people on the streets of London.

Womb Fight amazing

Common causes of the knee pain
Knee pain is very common and in this video we will present the most common problems that can cause pain in the knee. (Patella) itself, which is in front of the knee, or from the tendons that are attached to the kneecap (patellar tendon and quadricep tendon). One of the most common problems is patellar chondromalacia which is chronic pain due to the softening of the cartilage beneath the kneecap. The cartilage of the kneecap will have some erosions, defects, or holes from mild to complete inside the joint (exactly in the back of the kneecap).
• Pain in the front of the knee
• Occurs more in young people
• Becomes worse from climbing up stairs and going downstairs
Treatment is usually nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication, physical therapy, and surgery is very rare. Also in front of the kneecap, the patient may get pain due to prepatellar bursitis.
When there is prepatellar bursitis, the patient will see that the swelling, the inflammation, and the pain is located over the front of the kneecap. The bursa becomes inflamed and fills with fluid at the top of the knee, causing pain, swelling, tenderness and a lump in that area on top of the kneecap. If the pain is in front of the knee but below or above the patella, this may indicate that the patient has tendonitis. Patellar tendonitis is an overuse condition that often occurs in athletes who perform repetitive jumping activities. Patellar tendonitis is a knee pain that is associated with focal patellar tendon tenderness and it is usually activity related. It is located below the kneecap and is called "jumper's knee". Patellar tendonitis affects approximately 20% of jumping athletes. There will be tenderness to palpation at the distal pole of the patella in extension and not in flexion. Quadriceps inflexibility, atrophy and hamstring tightness are predisposing factors for this condition. Treatment is rest, anti-inflammatory medication, stretching and strengthening of the hamstrings and quadriceps. Use an eccentric exercise program. The early stages of patellar tendonitis will respond well to nonoperative treatment. Another important cause of knee pain is a meniscal tear. The meniscus is the cushion that protects the cartilage in the knee. Injury will cause pain on the medial or the lateral side of the knee exactly at the level of the joint. The patient will complain of a history of locking, instability and swelling of the knee. McMurray test will be positive. A painful pop or click is obtained as the knee is brought from flexion to extension with either internal or external rotation of the knee. Arthritis of the knee Knee arthritis is very common. The cartilage cells die with age and its repair response decreases in the joint collapses with increased breakdown of the framework of the cartilage. The patient will have progressive blurring away of the cartilage of the joint with decreased joint space as seen on x-rays. Another source of pain is the Baker's cyst. The cyst is in the back of the knee between the semimembranosus yes and the medial gastrocnemius muscles. Another important source of knee pain is a ligament injury. Here is a normal knee without a ligament injury. Here you can see from the front, you can see the lateral and medial collateral ligament. You can see the ACL and PCL from the side view. These ligaments are usually injured as a result of a sports activity. Here is an example of a sports knee injury. Here is an example of the medial collateral ligament injury. This is the most commonly injury knee ligament injury to this ligament is on the inner part of the knee. Here is an example of an injury of the anterior cruciate ligament. It involves a valgus stress to the knee. Lachman test is usually positive, and MRI is diagnostic. Another important cause of knee pain is iliotibial band syndrome of the knee. Inflammation of the thickening of the iliotibial band results from excessive friction as the iliotibial band slides over the lateral femoral condyle. The iliotibial band is a thick band of fascia that extends along the lateral thigh from the iliac crest to the knee. And as the knee moves, the IT band was repeatedly shifted forwards and backwards across the lateral femoral condyle. The patient will complain of swelling, tenderness, and crepitus over the lateral femoral condyle. The condition occurs in the ITB S occurs in runners, cyclist and athletes that require repeated knee flexion and extension. The pain may be reproduced by doing a single-leg squat. The Ober's test is used to at assess tightness of the iliotibial band. MRI may show edema in the area of the ITB. Treatment is usually nonoperative with rest and ice, physical therapy, with stretching, proprioception, and improvement in neuromuscular coordination. Training modification and injections may be helpful. Surgery is a last resort. Surgical excision of the scarred inflamed part of the iliotibial band.

Beating heart or "off pump" coronary artery surgery is the latest revolution in the management coronary disease. It is being embraced world-wide by increasing numbers of surgeons. Many of the advantages are subtle but reduced mortality, stroke, and bleeding as well as earlier discharge are well-established benefits. A cardiac stabiliser is mandatory for this surgery, most are single use only and very expensive, this one is multiple use and is saving many healthcare dollars

Loyola Full Male Exam Part 1 A video from Loyola medical school, Chicago showing the full examination of the male