In dark or dim light, the pupil dilates to allow more light into the eye to improve vision. Normal pupil size tends to range between 2.0 and 5.0 millimeters, depending on the lighting. The younger you are, the larger your pupils tend to be.

Ectopia cordis is a rare genetic defect. During a baby’s development in utero, their chest wall doesn’t form correctly. It also doesn’t fuse together as it normally would. This prevents the heart from developing where it should, leaving it defenseless and exposed outside of the protection of the chest wall. The defect affects about one in 126,000 births. In partial ectopia cordis, the heart is located outside the chest wall, but just under the skin. The heart can be seen beating through the skin.

There can be a number of psychological triggers that cause nightmares in adults. For example, anxiety and depression can cause adult nightmares. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) also commonly causes people to experience chronic, recurrent nightmares. Nightmares in adults can be caused by certain sleep disorders

Though you might think of your spinal cord as one single piece, it's actually a column of nerves protected by a sheath of myelin and then further secured by 31 butterfly-shaped vertebrae (singular: vertebra). Medical providers divide the spinal cord into four distinct regions. Knowing the region in which the injury is located is often the key to understanding diagnosis and treatment. The four spinal cord regions are: The cervical spinal cord: This is the topmost portion of the spinal cord, where the brain connects to the spinal cord, and the neck connects to the back. This region consists of eight vertebrae, commonly referred to as C1-C8. All spinal cord numbers are descending, so C1 is the highest vertebra, while C8 is the lowest in this region. The thoracic spinal cord: This section forms the middle of the spinal cord, containing twelve vertebrae numbered T1-T12.

This surgical glue can seal wounds in just 60 seconds

Capsaicin binds to pain receptors on our nerves called TRPV1. Normally, it reacts to heat by sending warning signals to the brain. Capsaicin causes TRPV1 to send those same signals. So, you react as if there's something hot in your mouth

⁣Endovascular Coiling of Unruptured Ophthalmic Artery Aneurysm

Complete clinical examination of the ears with all the associated tests

Observation of both jugular veins can provide a reliable indication of the volume and pressure in the right side of the heart since internal jugular veins pulsate in response to phasic changes in right atrial pressure. Proper positioning of the patient to increase the effects of gravity enhances distention of the jugular veins and, therefore, increases the ability to observe venous pulsations.

Examination of the Shoulder and Elbow

A video from the New England Journal of Medicine performed by Harvard Medical School showing basic lacerations repair

A video showing arthrocentesis of the knee from Harvard medical school

Demonstrative video of Advanced PRK - No Touch Technique. 100% Laser. In this particular technique there is no need for mechanical device or to cut the corneal flap.

This video shows an ovarian cyst and its removal using a laparoscopic technique.

26 week uterus using Gyrus PKS Cutting Forcep, PKS Lyons Dissecting Forceps & PKS Needle.