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Nelson's syndrome
Nelson's syndrome samer kareem 4,820 Views • 2 years ago

Nelson syndrome refers to a spectrum of symptoms and signs arising from an adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)–secreting pituitary macroadenoma after a therapeutic bilateral adrenalectomy. The spectrum of clinical features observed relates to the local effects of the tumor on surrounding structures, the secondary loss of other pituitary hormones, and the effects of the high serum concentrations of ACTH on the skin. [1] The first case was reported by Nelson et al in 1958. [2]

Conn's syndrome (Primary Hyperaldosteronism)
Conn's syndrome (Primary Hyperaldosteronism) samer kareem 1,853 Views • 2 years ago

Primary aldosteronism, also known as primary hyperaldosteronism or Conn's syndrome, is excess production of the hormone aldosterone by the adrenal glands resulting in low renin levels. Often it produces few symptoms. Most people have high blood pressure which may cause poor vision or headaches.

Scoliosis
Scoliosis samer kareem 18,798 Views • 2 years ago

If you look at someone’s back, you’ll see that the spine runs straight down the middle. When a person has scoliosis, their backbone curves to the side. The angle of the curve may be small, large or somewhere in between. But anything that measures more than 10 degrees is considered scoliosis. Doctors may use the letters “C” and “S” to describe the curve of the backbone. You probably don’t look directly at too many spines, but what you might notice about someone with scoliosis is the way they stand. They may lean a little or have shoulders or hips that look uneven. What Causes Scoliosis? In as many as 80% of cases, doctors don’t find the exact reason for a curved spine. Scoliosis without a known cause is what doctors call “idiopathic.” Some kinds of scoliosis do have clear causes. Doctors divide those curves into two types -- structural and nonstructural. In nonstructural scoliosis, the spine works normally, but looks curved. Why does this happen? There are a number of reasons, such as one leg’s being longer than the other, muscle spasms, and inflammations like appendicitis. When these problems are treated, this type of scoliosis often goes away.

Direct Laryngoscopy: MICU Fellows Airway Course
Direct Laryngoscopy: MICU Fellows Airway Course samer kareem 23,357 Views • 2 years ago

Direct Laryngoscopy: MICU Fellows Airway Course

This Unorthodox Procedure Makes Short People A Foot Taller
This Unorthodox Procedure Makes Short People A Foot Taller samer kareem 4,453 Views • 2 years ago

This Unorthodox Procedure Makes Short People A Foot Taller

Bowel Obstruction - Causes and Pathophysiology
Bowel Obstruction - Causes and Pathophysiology samer kareem 6,562 Views • 2 years ago

A small-bowel obstruction (SBO) is caused by a variety of pathologic processes. The leading cause of SBO in industrialized countries is postoperative adhesions (60%), followed by malignancy, Crohn disease, and hernias, although some studies have reported Crohn disease as a greater etiologic factor than neoplasia.

Herpes Encephalitis
Herpes Encephalitis samer kareem 7,404 Views • 2 years ago

Herpes simplex encephalitis is characterized by acute-onset (<1 week) fever, headaches, seizures, altered mental status, and focal neurologic findings such as hemiparesis or cranial nerve deficits. This patient's weakness/fatigue for >1 week, heart murmur, history of drug abuse, and absence of focal neurologic deficits make endocarditis with mycotic aneurysm more likely than herpes encephalitis

Candida endophthalmitis
Candida endophthalmitis samer kareem 1,865 Views • 2 years ago

Patients with candida endophthalmitis who have chorioretinitis with vitreal involvement should be treated with vitrectomy and systemic antifungal therapy with amphotericin B (Choice B) and/or fluconazole. An early vitrectomy improves the likelihood of a positive outcome, and intravitreal injection of amphotericin B may be of help. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of candida endophthalmitis is essential, as the condition can worsen quickly.

Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency
Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency samer kareem 7,822 Views • 2 years ago

Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency (Alpha-1) is a genetic (inherited) condition – it is passed from parents to their children through their genes. Alpha-1 may result in serious lung disease in adults and/or liver disease at any age.

Acute Otitis Media in Children
Acute Otitis Media in Children samer kareem 7,304 Views • 2 years ago

Uncomplicated acute otitis media (AOM) should be treated empirically with amoxicillin. Recurrent AOM should raise concern for beta-lactamase resistance and warrants treatment with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. Ototopical medications are unnecessary, even if there is tympanic membrane perforation.

Hernia repair surgery
Hernia repair surgery samer kareem 18,810 Views • 2 years ago

Inguinal hernia repair is surgery to repair a hernia in your groin. A hernia is tissue that bulges out of a weak spot in the abdominal wall. Your intestine may bulge out through this weakened area.Mar 13, 2015

Chorionic Villus Sampling
Chorionic Villus Sampling samer kareem 4,176 Views • 2 years ago

Chorionic villus sampling, often referred to as CVS, is a diagnostic test for identifying chromosome abnormalities and other inherited disorders. This test may be recommended by your health care provider, if you or your partner has family medical histories that reveal potential risks.

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome samer kareem 7,777 Views • 2 years ago

This syndrome was previously known as reflex sympathetic dystrophy, algodystrophy, causalgia, Sudeck atrophy, transient osteoporosis, and acute atrophy of bone. Usually occurring after an injury, CRPS presents with pain out of proportion to the injury, temperature change, edema, and abnormal skin color. Type I CRPS (90% of CRPS cases) occurs without a definable nerve lesion, while type II occurs with a definable nerve lesion. The pathogenesis is likely due to an injury causing increased sensitivity to sympathetic nerves, an abnormal response to and sensation of pain, and increased neuropeptide release causing burning pain to light touch (allodynia).

Fusion Ablation System Animation
Fusion Ablation System Animation samer kareem 6,166 Views • 2 years ago

The Estech COBRA Fusion™ 150 Surgical Ablation System combines intuitive, real-time TCRF (Temperature Controlled Radiofrequency) energy control with proprietary Versapolar technology. Versapolar™ energy delivery is the first of its kind—an adaptable and effective platform that can deliver both bipolar and monopolar energy so that surgeons can easily and efficiently create reproducible transmural lesions with more flexibility, confidence and control.

Hand Anatomy
Hand Anatomy samer kareem 9,958 Views • 2 years ago

Hand Anatomy

Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines samer kareem 3,979 Views • 2 years ago

Benzodiazepines are a class of agents that work on the central nervous system, acting selectively on gamma-aminobutyric acid-A (GABA-A) receptors in the brain. GABA is a neurotransmitter that inhibits or reduces the activity of nerve cells (neurons) within the brain. Benzodiazepines open GABA-activated chloride channels, and allow chloride ions to enter the neuron. This makes the neuron negatively charged and resistant to excitation.

Male Reproductive System
Male Reproductive System samer kareem 7,904 Views • 2 years ago

The male reproductive system includes the scrotum, testes, spermatic ducts, sex glands, and penis. These organs work together to produce sperm, the male gamete, and the other components of semen.

Spinal Cord
Spinal Cord samer kareem 18,964 Views • 2 years ago

The spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular bundle of nervous tissue and support cells that extends from the medulla oblongata in the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. The brain and spinal cord together make up the central nervous system (CNS).

Acute Myeloid Leukemia AML
Acute Myeloid Leukemia AML samer kareem 8,954 Views • 2 years ago

This medical animation illustrates how acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the most common type of cancer in adults, develops in the blood and bone marrow. The narrator also discusses the symptoms of AML and AML treatment options.

Cancer: formation
Cancer: formation samer kareem 13,472 Views • 2 years ago

In 5 minutes find out how and why a normal cell becomes a cancer cell: risk factors and treatment.

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