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More than three decades on from its first outbreak, HIV/AIDS remains a prevalent killer, even in the developed world, and a pressing scientific challenge to understand and treat. The rate of infection, especially among young people, is increasing, and in parts of Africa in particular, it remains an epidemic-scale killer. Yet a cure could be just around the corner, and scientists are optimistic that the virus’ days might be numbered. Is HIV here to stay, or will it be consigned to history like Smallpox? Produced by ABC Australia - Ref-6621 Journeyman Pictures brings you highlights from the cutting-edge science series, ‘Catalyst’, produced by our long-term content partners at ABC Australia. Every day we’ll upload a new episode that takes you to the heart of the most intriguing and relevant science-related stories of the day, transforming your perspective of the issues shaping our world.
-Rectocele is a relatively common condition in older women and is characterized by the displacement of the rectum through posterior vaginal wall defect(s). The condition is typically caused by damage to the rectovaginal septum incurred during vaginal childbirth and is exacerbated by periodic increases in intraabdominal pressure (e.g., when laughing or coughing) and the effects of gravity. Women with symptomatic rectoceles who are poor surgical candidates may be treated with pessaries, which are structures designed to support the vaginal wall. Pessaries should only be used in conjunction with vaginal
A circulatory anastomosis is a connection (an anastomosis) between two blood vessels, such as between arteries (arterio-arterial anastomosis), between veins (veno-venous anastomosis) or between an artery and a vein (arterio-venous anastomosis). An end artery (or terminal artery) is an artery that is the only supply of oxygenated blood to a portion of tissue. Examples of an end artery include the splenic artery that supplies the spleen and the renal artery that supplies the kidneys.
An ectopic pregnancy (EP) is a condition in which a fertilized egg settles and grows in any location other than the inner lining of the uterus. The vast majority of ectopic pregnancies are so-called tubal pregnancies and occur in the Fallopian tube.
Iron deficiency anemia is a common type of anemia — a condition in which blood lacks adequate healthy red blood cells. Red blood cells carry oxygen to the body's tissues. As the name implies, iron deficiency anemia is due to insufficient iron. Without enough iron, your body can't produce enough of a substance in red blood cells that enables them to carry oxygen (hemoglobin). As a result, iron deficiency anemia may leave you tired and short of breath. You can usually correct iron deficiency anemia with iron supplementation. Sometimes additional tests or treatments for iron deficiency anemia are necessary, especially if your doctor suspects that you're bleeding internally.
Tension pneumothorax describes the progressive accumulation of air in the pleural cavity (normally a potential space) through a defect in the visceral pleura. This leads to positive pressure being maintained and increasing throughout the respiratory cycle causing vessels within the mediastinum to be compressed with catastrophic consequences if left untreated. Clinical signs include hypoxia, hypotension, tachycardia, reduced breath sounds and hyper resonance ipsilaterally, with tracheal deviation (away from the affected side) and distended neck veins being late clinical signs.
Patient Greg Grindley communicates with host Bryant Gumbel and his wife for the first time while undergoing deep brain stimulation surgery at University Hospital's Case Medical Center in Cleveland, Ohio.
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Greg's First In-Surgery Conversation | Brain Surgery Live
https://youtu.be/zvqV_2zncNU
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