Join Dr. Parsia Vagefi, Chief of Surgical Transplantation and Dr. Steven Hanish, Surgical Director of Liver Transplantation, as they grant unprecedented access to the OR while performing a #Liver #Transplant #Surgery.
To find out more about UT Southwestern's transplant programs visit:
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Ellis demonstrates how to connect an NG tube to suction.

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Today on Crash Course Anatomy & Physiology, Hank breaks down the parts and functions of one of your body's unsung heroes: your epithelial tissue.

Pssst... we made flashcards to help you review the content in this episode! Find them on the free Crash Course App!
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Chapters:
Introduction 00:00
Proper Epithelium & Glandular Epithelium 1:38
We're All Just Tubes! 2:12
Cell Shapes: Squamous, Cuboidal, or Columnar 3:34
How Form Relates to Function 4:15
Layering: Simple or Stratified 5:26
Epithelial Cells: Apical & Basal Sides 7:06
Glandular Epithelial Tissue Forms Endocrine & Exocrine Glands 8:20
Review 9:16
Credits 9:54

***
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Common Benign Pain Syndromes--Symptoms and Etiology:
1. Non-specific musculoskeletal pain: This is the most common cause of back pain. Patients present with lumbar area pain that does not radiate, is worse with activity, and improves with rest. There may or may not be a clear history of antecedent over use or increased activity. The pain is presumably caused by irritation of the paraspinal muscles, ligaments or vertebral body articulations. However, a precise etiology is difficulty to identify.
2. Radicular Symptoms: Often referred to as "sciatica," this is a pain syndrome caused by irritation of one of the nerve roots as it exits the spinal column. The root can become inflamed as a result of a compromised neuroforamina (e.g. bony osteophyte that limits size of the opening) or a herniated disc (the fibrosis tears, allowing the propulsus to squeeze out and push on the adjacent root). Sometimes, it's not precisely clear what has lead to the irritation. In any case, patient's report a burning/electric shock type pain that starts in the low back, traveling down the buttocks and along the back of the leg, radiating below the knee. The most commonly affected nerve roots are L5 and S1.
3. Spinal Stenosis: Pain starts in the low back and radiates down the buttocks bilaterally, continuing along the backs of both legs. Symptoms are usually worse with walking and improve when the patient bends forward. Patient's may describe that they relieve symptoms by leaning forward on their shopping carts when walking in a super market. This is caused by spinal stenosis, a narrowing of the central canal that holds the spinal cord. The limited amount of space puts pressure on the nerve roots when the patient walks, causing the symptoms (referred to as neurogenic claudication). Spinal stenosis can be congenital or develop over years as a result of djd of the spine. As opposed to true claudication (pain in calfs/lower legs due to arterial insufficiency), pain resolves very quickly when person stops walking and assumes upright position. Also, peripheral pulses should be normal.
4. Mixed symptoms: In some patients, more then one process may co-exist, causing elements of more then one symptom syndrome to co-exist.

When placement of a urethral catheter is contraindicated or unsuccessful, percutaneous suprapubic urinary bladder catheterization is a commonly performed procedure to relieve urinary retention. [1, 2] This topic describes the Catheter over needle technique. The Seldinger technique is described in the Clinical Procedures topic Suprapubic Aspiration.

A circulatory anastomosis is a connection (an anastomosis) between two blood vessels, such as between arteries (arterio-arterial anastomosis), between veins (veno-venous anastomosis) or between an artery and a vein (arterio-venous anastomosis). An end artery (or terminal artery) is an artery that is the only supply of oxygenated blood to a portion of tissue. Examples of an end artery include the splenic artery that supplies the spleen and the renal artery that supplies the kidneys.

A clinical examination of the hands using the standard Look, Feel, Move approach. Specific​ examination structure derived from MacLeod's Clinical Examination 14th edition. Performed by Dr James Gill

In this instructional video, Director of Critical Care Nephrology, Sevag Demirjian, MD goes over the steps for in-hospital production of ultra-pure continuous hemodialysis fluid.

By using the information in this video and/or any other materials made available by Cleveland Clinic related to the dialysate solution, you agree to comply with and be bound by the terms of the Permissive Use Agreement, a copy of which is available at https://bit.ly/3f9lN4j

Computed tomography (CT)-guided transthoracic needle biopsy is a well-established, minimally invasive diagnostic tool for pulmonary lesions. Few large studies have been conducted on the diagnostic performance and adequacy for molecular testing of transthoracic core needle biopsy (TCNB) for small pulmonary lesions.

Give away to who ever that will correctly mention the sample specimen used to make this video? (Be specific)
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If you've always wanted six-pack abs, but can't seem to get to the gym - there's now a short-cut for that. Researchers at the University of Miami have developed a new plastic surgery technique called abdominal etching. It can reshape belly fat to make you look like you spend a lot of time at the gym.

READ MORE: https://6abc.cm/2Vv5Tu4

Sebaceous Cyst, Hematoma and Growth Removal

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Macrobiopsy of breast lesions is a complicated procedure when performed with vacuum assisted biopsy tools. The Spirotome is a hand-held needle set that doesn't need capital investment, is ready to use and provides tissue samples of high quality in substantial amounts. In this way quantitative molecular biology is possible with one tissue sample. The Coramate is an automated version of this direct and frontal technology.

Examination of Peripheral Vascular System - Clinical Skills OSCE Revision - Dr Gill

In this video, we demonstrate the peripheral vascular examination - a less common examination, but still vitally important, particularly amongst the older population

Starting with the examination of the hands looking for clinical signs of vascular compromise, we then check the pulses of the major arteries of the upper body - the radial, brachial and carotid arteries, before moving down to assess for an abdominal aortic aneurysm.

At this point, I feel it's a practical step to check the femoral pulses before doing the overview of the legs.

After visually assessing we must examine the major vascular areas of leg.- namely the popliteal pulses, before wrapping up around the ankle with the posterior tibial and dorsalis pedis pulses

For completeness, the cardiovascular examination is demonstrated here
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ECs9O5zl6XQ&t=2s

#PeripheralVascular #ClinicalSkills #DrGill

Learn Basic Laparoscopic Surgery, the components of a laparoscopic surgical setup, optimal positioning and ergonomics in laparoscopic surgery, and much more. Check out the full course for free here: https://www.incision.care/free-trial

What is Laparoscopic Surgery:
Laparoscopic surgery describes procedures performed using one or multiple small incisions in the abdominal wall in contrast to the larger, normally singular incision of laparotomy. The technique is based around principles of minimally invasive surgery (or minimal access surgery): a large group of modern surgical procedures carried out by entering the body with the smallest possible damage to tissues. In abdominopelvic surgery, minimally invasive surgery is generally treated as synonymous with laparoscopic surgery as are procedures not technically within the peritoneal cavity, such as totally extraperitoneal hernia repair, or extending beyond the abdomen, such as thoraco-laparoscopic esophagectomy. The term laparoscopy is sometimes used interchangeably, although this is often reserved to describe a visual examination of the peritoneal cavity or the purely scopic component of a laparoscopic procedure. The colloquial keyhole surgery is common in non-medical usage.

Surgical Objective of Laparoscopic Surgery:
The objective of a laparoscopic approach is to minimize surgical trauma when operating on abdominal or pelvic structures. When correctly indicated and performed, this can result in smaller scars, reduced postoperative morbidity, shorter inpatient durations, and a faster return to normal activity. For a number of abdominopelvic procedures, a laparoscopic approach is now generally considered to be the gold-standard treatment option.
Definitions

Developments of Laparoscopic Surgery:
Following a number of smaller-scale applications of minimally invasive techniques to abdominopelvic surgery, laparoscopic surgery became a major part of general surgical practice with the introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the 1980s and the subsequent pioneering of endoscopic camera technology. This led to the widespread adoption of the technique by the early- to mid-1990s. The portfolio of procedures that can be performed laparoscopically has rapidly expanded with improvements in instruments, imaging, techniques and training — forming a central component of modern surgical practice and cross-specialty curricula [2]. Techniques such as laparoscopically assisted surgery and hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery have allowed the application of laparoscopic techniques to a greater variety of pathology. Single-incision laparoscopic surgery, natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery, and minilaparoscopy-assisted natural orifice surgery continue to push forward the applications of minimally invasive abdominopelvic techniques; however, the widespread practice and specific indications for these remain to be fully established. More recently, robotic surgery has been able to build on laparoscopic principles through developments in visualization, ergonomics, and instrumentation.

This Basic Laparoscopic Surgery Course Will Teach You:
- Abdominal access techniques and the different ways of establishing a pneumoperitoneum
- Principles of port placement and organization of the operative field
- Key elements of laparoscopic suturing, basic knotting and clip application

Specific attention is paid to the following hazards you may encounter:
- Fire hazard and thermal injury
- Lens fogging
- Contamination of insufflation system
- Complications from trocar introduction
- Limitations of Veress needle technique
- Limitations of open introduction technique
- Complications of the pneumoperitoneum
- Gas embolism
- Mirroring and scaling of instrument movements
- Firing clip applier without a loaded clip

The following tips are designed to improve your understanding and performance:
- Anatomy of a laparoscope
- Checking for optic fiber damage
- "White balance" of camera
- Checking integrity of electrosurgical insulation
- Access at Palmer's point
- Lifting abdominal wall before introduction
- Confirming position of Veress needle
- Umbilical anatomy
- Identification of inferior epigastric vessels under direct vision
- Translumination of superficial epigastric vessels
- Selection of trocar size
- Aiming of trocar
- Working angles in laparoscopic surgery
- Choice of suture material
- Instruments for suturing
- Optimal ergonomics for suturing
- Extracorporeal needle positioning
- Optimal suture lengths
- "Backloading" needle
- Intracorporeal needle positioning
- Hand movements when suturing
- Optimal positioning of scissors
- Extracorporeal knot tying
- Visualization of clip applier around target structure
- Common clip configurations

How to remove the Intra Uterine Device (IUD)

symptoms of kidney dysfunction. I find kidney dysfunction in my patients very frequently. Lower back pain is a common indicator that the kidneys are starting to become irritated. Yes, lower back pain can come from many different areas, but one of the areas I always rule out is kidney congestion.

Hypertensive emergencies encompass a spectrum of clinical presentations in which uncontrolled blood pressures lead to progressive or impending end-organ dysfunction. In these conditions, the BP should be lowered aggressively over minutes to hours. Neurologic end-organ damage due to uncontrolled BP may include hypertensive encephalopathy, cerebral vascular accident/cerebral infarction, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and/or intracranial hemorrhage.[1] Cardiovascular end-organ damage may include myocardial ischemia/infarction, acute left ventricular dysfunction, acute pulmonary edema, and/or aortic dissection. Other organ systems may also be affected by uncontrolled hypertension, which may lead to acute renal failure/insufficiency, retinopathy, eclampsia, or microangiopathic hemolytic anemia.[1] With the advent of antihypertensives, the incidence of hypertensive emergencies has declined from 7% to approximately 1% of patients with hypertension.[2] In addition, the 1-year survival rate associated with this condition has increased from only 20% (prior to 1950) to a survival rate of more than 90% with appropriate medical treatment