At one time, women who had delivered by cesarean section in the past would usually have another cesarean section for any future pregnancies. The rationale was that if allowed to labor, many of these women with a scar in their uterus would rupture the uterus along the weakness of the old scar. Over time, a number of observations have become apparent: Most women with a previous cesarean section can labor and deliver vaginally without rupturing their uterus. Some women who try this will, in fact, rupture their uterus. When the uterus ruptures, the rupture may have consequences ranging from near trivial to disastrous. It can be very difficult to diagnose a uterine rupture prior to observing fetal effects (eg, bradycardia). Once fetal effects are demonstrated, even a very fast reaction and nearly immediate delivery may not lead to a good outcome. The more cesarean sections the patient has, the greater the risk of subsequent rupture during labor. The greatest risk occurs following a “classical” cesarean section (in which the uterine incision extends up into the fundus.) The least risk of rupture is among women who had a low cervical transverse incision. Low vertical incisions probably increase the risk of rupture some, but usually not as much as a classical incision. Many studies have found the use of oxytocin to be associated with an increased risk of rupture, either because of the oxytocin itself, or perhaps because of the clinical circumstances under which it would be contemplated. Pain medication, including epidural anesthetic, has not resulted greater adverse outcome because of the theoretical risk of decreasing the attendant’s ability to detect rupture early. The greatest risk of rupture occurs during labor, but some of the ruptures occur prior to the onset of labor. This is particularly true of the classical incisions. Overall successful vaginal delivery rates following previous cesarean section are in the neighborhood of 70 This means that about 30of women undergoing a vaginal trial of labor will end up requiring a cesarean section. Those who undergo cesarean section (failed VBAC) after a lengthy labor will frequently have a longer recovery and greater risk of infection than had they undergone a scheduled cesarean section without labor. Women whose first cesarean was for failure to progress in labor are only somewhat less likely to be succesful in their quest for a VBAC than those with presumably non-recurring reasons for cesarean section. For these reasons, women with a prior cesarean section are counseled about their options for delivery with a subsequent pregnancy: Repeat Cesarean Section, or Vaginal Trial of Labor. They are usually advised of the approximate 70successful VBAC rate (modified for individual risk factors). They are counseled about the risk of uterine rupture (approximately 1in most series), and that while the majority of those ruptures do not lead to bad outcome, some of them do, including fetal brain damage and death, and maternal loss of future childbearing. They are advised of the usual surgical risks of infection, bleeding, anesthesia complications and surgical injury to adjacent structures. After counseling, many obstetricians leave the decision for a repeat cesarean or VBAC to the patient. Both approaches have risks and benefits, but they are different risks and different benefits. Fortunately, most repeat cesarean sections and most vaginal trials of labor go well, without any serious complications. For those choosing a trial of labor, close monitoring of mother and baby, with early detection of labor abnormalities and preparation for

Watch more clips of Dr. James Kelly - https://www.youtube.com/playli....st?list=PLe2Je5-cHxP And for more information about brain injury and PTSD, please visit us at https://www.brainline.org.

Watch more clips of Pat LaFontaine - https://www.youtube.com/playli....st?list=PL5F3273C3C8

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A penile prosthesis is another treatment option for men with erectile dysfunction (ED). These devices are either malleable or inflatable. The simplest type of prosthesis consists of a pair of malleable (bendable) rods surgically implanted within the erection chambers of the penis. With this type of implant the penis is always semi-rigid and merely needs to be lifted or adjusted into the erect position to initiate sex. Today, many men choose a hydraulic, inflatable prosthesis, which allows a man to have an erection whenever he chooses and is much easier to conceal. It is also more natural.

Female to Male gender confirming top surgery video : "Double Incision" Technique.

In this video, I have covered Inguinal hernia under the following headings: Definition, Parts of Hernia, Surgical anatomy, Types of inguinal hernia, Aetiology of hernia, Clinical features of hernia, complications of hernia, Clinical examination, Surgical principles, and explanation of a few surgeries (Herniotomy, Bassini suture repair, Shouldice repair, Lichtenstein tension-free open meshplasty, hernia plugs, Laparoscopic techniques like TEP(Totally extraperitoneal approach) and TAPP(Transabdominal preperitoneal approach) surgical procedures).

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How to study General Surgery in med school: (Tips and Tricks)
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1-minute hernia videos: (Complete playlist by Skeleton)
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(includes femoral hernia, obturator hernia, epigastric hernia, umbilical hernia, Spigelian hernia, Richter hernia, lumbar hernia, incisional hernia, Hiatal hernia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, contents of spermatic cord, triangles of hernia)

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Hydrocele video:
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An intrauterine device (IUD), also known as intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD or ICD) or coil, is a small, often T-shaped birth control device that is inserted into a woman's uterus to prevent pregnancy. IUDs are one form of long-acting reversible birth control (LARC).

Cancer Patient Dances in OR before her Surgery

Venous cutdown is an emergency procedure in which the vein is exposed surgically and then a cannula is inserted into the vein under direct vision. It is used to get vascular access in trauma and hypovolemic shock patients when peripheral cannulation is difficult or impossible

The type of operation performed for removal of pancreatic cancer is based on the location of the tumor. For tumors of the head and neck of the pancreas a Whipple procedure, (also called a pancreaticoduodenectomy) is performed. This is a complex operation perfected at Johns Hopkins. This video will explain the surgery and what patients can expect.

Learn more about the Whipple procedure at Johns Hopkins:
http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org..../pancreatic_cancer_c

Types of Human Body Tissue
In this video, I review four types of tissue.
Connective tissue, epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, and nerve tissue.
Tissues are made up of cells working together.
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For more Life Science videos and summaries see,
http://www.moomoomath.com/Midd....le-School-Science-an

A Case use dòi eat organization batters prince toilet variable witness diabetic

A cervical biopsy is a procedure that is sometimes done on women during an exam called a colposcopy to remove cervical tissue for examination. It is also called a punch biopsy. It is usually performed when a Pap smear result is either inconclusive or abnormal and a doctor wants to screen further for any cervical dysplasia or cervical cancer.

Injuries and certain medical conditions can result in bleeding. This can trigger anxiety and fear, but bleeding has a healing purpose. Still, you need to understand how to treat common bleeding incidents, like cuts and bloody noses, as well as when to seek medical help.

How Liposuction Works in 15 seconds.

See how we illustrated this amazing technology by Alma Lasers.

Curious 🤔 about medical device 3D animation? ➜ http://www.arcreative-media.com

A diaphragm is a shallow, bendable cup that you put inside your vagina. It covers your cervix during sex to prevent pregnancy.

There are several reasons that your doctor may recommend that you have your spleen removed. These include having: a spleen that’s damaged from injury an enlarged spleen or ruptured spleen, which can occur from trauma certain rare blood disorders cancer or large cysts of the spleen infection

Wisdom teeth extractions can rear their ugly head later in life. This is a video of a patient with neck pain and neck weakness. When we stimulated the nerve fibers in the area of the extracted teeth there was an immediate improvement in her ability to control her neck muscles.

"Laparoscopic Placement of a
Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter"

Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, presents a cardiovascular procedure featuring Eric K. Peden, MD, Shri Timbalia, MD, and Kenneth Livingston as they demonstrate “Laparoscopic Placement of a
Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter".

Surgery: Eric K. Peden, MD, Shri Timbalia, MD, and Kenneth Livingston
Narration: Kenneth Livingston

** This medical education program may contain graphic content. **
_________________________________

A DeBakey CV Education event

Presented by Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center.

Building on Dr. Michael E. DeBakey’s commitment to excellence in education, Houston Methodist DeBakey CV Education is an epicenter for cardiovascular academic and clinical educational programs that support the provision of optimal care to patients suffering from cardiovascular conditions and diseases.

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DeBakey CV Education:
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Want concise, relevant reviews of the hottest topics in CV medicine? Subscribe for FREE to the Methodist DeBakey Cardiovascular Journal for quarterly, peer-reviewed issues delivered to your door.
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www.diabetes.org > Living With Diabetes > Treatment and Care > Medication > Insulin & Other Injectables Share: Print PageText Size:A A A Listen How Do Insulin Pumps Work? If you have been diagnosed with diabetes, you may feel overwhelmed by all the new information you have learned and will continue to learn about managing your diabetes. You already know your main goal should be to get your blood glucose (sugar) levels under control in order to increase your chances of a complication-free life. Many people know this, but need to know how to achieve good diabetes management, while balancing the day-to-day demands of diabetes with other life demands. An insulin pump can help you manage your diabetes. By using an insulin pump, you can match your insulin to your lifestyle, rather than getting an insulin injection and matching your life to how the insulin is working. When you work closely with your diabetes care team, insulin pumps can help you keep your blood glucose levels within your target ranges. People of all ages with type 1 diabetes use insulin pumps and people with type 2 diabetes have started to use them as well. - See more at: http://www.diabetes.org/living-with-diabetes/treatment-and-care/medication/insulin/how-do-insulin-pumps-work.html?referrer=https://www.google.com/#sthash.XD56v351.dpuf