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Hypocalcemia
Hypocalcemia samer kareem 1,386 Views • 3 years ago

In neonates, hypocalcemia is more likely to occur in infants born of diabetic or preeclamptic mothers. Hypocalcemia also may occur in infants born to mothers with hyperparathyroidism. Clinically evident hypocalcemia generally presents in milder forms and is usually the result of a chronic disease state. In emergency department patients, chronic or subacute complaints secondary to mild or moderate hypocalcemia are more likely to be a chief complaint than severe symptomatic hypocalcemia. Once laboratory results demonstrate hypocalcemia, the first question is whether the hypocalcemia is true—that is, whether it is representative of a decrease in ionized calcium. The presence of chronic diarrhea or intestinal disease (eg, Crohn disease, sprue, chronic pancreatitis) suggests the possibility of hypocalcemia due to malabsorption of calcium and/or vitamin D. The patient's past medical history should be explored for pancreatitis, anxiety disorders, renal or liver failure, gastrointestinal disorders, and hyperthyroidism or hyperparathyroidism. Previous neck surgery suggests hypoparathyroidism; a history of seizures suggests hypocalcemia secondary to anticonvulsants. The patient may have a recent history of thyroid, parathyroid, or bowel surgeries or recent neck trauma. The length of time that a disorder is present is an important clue. Hypoparathyroidism and pseudohypoparathyroidism are lifelong disorders. Instead, acute transient hypocalcemia may be associated with acute gastrointestinal illness, nutritional deficiency, or acute or chronic renal failure. In an elderly patient, a nutritional deficiency may be associated with a low intake of vitamin D. A history of alcoholism can help diagnose hypocalcemia due to magnesium deficiency, malabsorption, or chronic pancreatitis. Inquire about recent use of drugs associated with hypocalcemia, including the following: Radiocontrast Estrogen Loop diuretics Bisphosphonates Calcium supplements Antibiotics Antiepileptic drugs Cinacalcet Other considerations in the history include the following: Family history of hypocalcemia Low-calcium diet Lack of sun exposure

How to Prevent STDs
How to Prevent STDs samer kareem 1,918 Views • 3 years ago

Preventing Sexually Transmitted Diseases A sexually transmitted disease (STD) is an infection that is spread during sexual contact with another person. This includes touching, since some STDs can be spread from skin-to-skin contact. In general, STDs are highly preventable. Almost 20 million new STDs are diagnosed each year in the United States, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). However, a large number of those infections could be avoided if people made different decisions about their sexual health. The only guaranteed method to prevent STDs is to abstain from all sexual contact. This may not a practical solution for everyone. Fortunately, there are steps people can take to limit their risk of exposure.

Baby Survives Being Born Twice:
Baby Survives Being Born Twice: samer kareem 4,537 Views • 3 years ago

Baby Survives Being Born Twice:

contact lens for beginners
contact lens for beginners samer kareem 1,588 Views • 3 years ago

contact lens for beginners

Who Needs an Upper Endoscopy?
Who Needs an Upper Endoscopy? samer kareem 4,117 Views • 3 years ago

When is endoscopy used? Endoscopes were first developed to look at parts of the body that couldn’t be seen any other way. This is still a common reason to use them, but endoscopy now has many other uses too. It’s often used in the prevention, early detection, diagnosis, staging, and treatment of cancer. To prevent and screen for cancer Some types of endoscopes are used to look for cancer in people who have no symptoms. For example, colonoscopy (KO-lun-AH-skuh-pee) and sigmoidoscopy (SIG-moid-AH-skuh-pee) are used to screen for colon and rectal cancer. These procedures can also help prevent cancer because they let doctors find and remove polyps (growths) that might become cancer if left alone. To find cancer early Endoscopy can sometimes be used to find cancer early, before it has had a chance to grow or spread. Looking for causes of symptoms When people go to the doctor with certain symptoms, endoscopy can sometimes be used to help find a cause. For instance: Laryngoscopy to look at the vocal cords in people with long-term hoarseness Upper endoscopy in people having trouble swallowing Colonoscopy in people with anemia (low red blood cell counts) with an unknown cause Colonoscopy in people with blood in their stool Looking at problems found on imaging tests Imaging tests such as x-rays and CT scans can sometimes show physical changes within the body. But these tests may only give information about the size, shape, and location of the problem. Doctors use endoscopes to see more details, like color and surface texture, when trying to find out what’s going on. Newer methods of endoscopy that include high magnification are being tested to find out whether they are more useful in detecting cancer and other abnormal cells on the inner surfaces of the body. To diagnose and find out the stage (extent) of cancer To get a tissue sample Going one step further, most types of endoscopes have tools on the end that the doctor can use to take out small tissue samples. This procedure is called a biopsy (BY-op-see). Samples can be taken from suspicious areas and then looked at under a microscope or tested in other ways to see if cancer is there. A biopsy is usually the best way to find out if a growth or change is cancer or something else. Getting a closer look In some cases endoscopes are used to help find out how far a cancer has spread. Thoracoscopy (THOR-uh-KAHS -kuh-pee) and laparoscopy (LAP-uh-RAHS-kuh-pee) can be very useful in finding out if cancer has spread into the thorax (chest) or abdomen (belly). The surgeon can look into these places making only a small incision (cut) in the skin.

Amnesia
Amnesia samer kareem 5,671 Views • 3 years ago

Amnesia refers to the loss of memories, such as facts, information and experiences. Though having no sense of who you are is a common plot device in movies and television, real-life amnesia generally doesn't cause a loss of self-identity. Instead, people with amnesia — also called amnestic syndrome — are usually lucid and know who they are, but may have trouble learning new information and forming new memories. Amnesia can be caused by damage to areas of the brain that are vital for memory processing. Unlike a temporary episode of memory loss (transient global amnesia), amnesia can be permanent. There's no specific treatment for amnesia, but techniques for enhancing memory and psychological support can help people with amnesia and their families cope.

Total Heart Transplant
Total Heart Transplant samer kareem 6,794 Views • 3 years ago

Every 10 minutes, someone is added to the national transplant waiting list, and every day, 22 people on average die waiting for a match, according to the United Network for Organ Sharing. But, thanks to innovations in bioengineering, all of that could change. Conceived nearly 60 years ago, the total artificial heart (TAH) has helped sustain the sickest biventricular failure patients waiting for a transplant. While the design of the primary TAH used today has mostly remained stagnant since the ’80s, when it was first implanted in a patient, new models and clinical trials may lead to a better device and, one day, a permanent solution. “We are still many years away from that,” Dr. Nader Moazami, director of the Cardiac Transplantation and Ventricular Assist Device Therapy Program at the Cleveland Clinic, told FoxNews.com of a permanent artificial heart. “Although tremendous strides have been made, biocompatibility will always remain a challenge.”

Seizures
Seizures samer kareem 2,007 Views • 3 years ago

You may have a lot of questions about epilepsy. We will help you understand the basics, answer the most common questions, and help you find resources and other information you may need. However, information alone won’t help you manage your epilepsy and find a way to cope with the effects on your daily life. You’ll need to learn how to use the information and make it work for you.

Intelligent People Have Fewer Friends, Here's Why...
Intelligent People Have Fewer Friends, Here's Why... samer kareem 1,801 Views • 3 years ago

Intelligent People Have Fewer Friends, Here's Why...

Arthroscopic ACL Reconstruction
Arthroscopic ACL Reconstruction samer kareem 9,871 Views • 3 years ago

Detailed video of Arthroscopic ACL Reconstruction using four stranded hamstring graft

New breast cancer screening guidelines
New breast cancer screening guidelines samer kareem 1,608 Views • 3 years ago

American Cancer Society release new breast cancer screening guidelines

How to make a perfect massage
How to make a perfect massage samer kareem 51,074 Views • 3 years ago

How to make your loved ones feel good and happy

Limb Surgeries
Limb Surgeries samer kareem 1,057 Views • 3 years ago

Three lower limb surgeries that you need to know about.

Wernicke's Aphasia
Wernicke's Aphasia samer kareem 3,305 Views • 3 years ago

People with serious comprehension difficulties have what is called Wernicke’s aphasia and: Often say many words that don’t make sense. May fail to realize they are saying the wrong words; for instance, they might call a fork a “gleeble.” May string together a series of meaningless words that sound like a sentence but don’t make sense. Have challenges because our dictionary of words is shelved in a similar region of the left hemisphere, near the area used for understanding words.

Risk of a scaphoid fracture not healing
Risk of a scaphoid fracture not healing samer kareem 2,992 Views • 3 years ago

Despite the effective diagnostic and treatment options available today, Dr. Wolfe notes that he continues to see a high number of untreated scaphoid fractures that have progressed to nonunion. However, he adds that this may not be the result of a missed diagnosis, but rather more related to the relatively innocuous injury that causes a low level of suspicion. Recognition and awareness of scaphoid fractures is higher today among primary care providers, emergency room physicians, pediatricians, and sports trainers, but fully 15% of patients with suggestive physical findings and normal initial x-rays will have an “occult”, or concealed, scaphoid fracture. Specialized imaging studies are critical at an early stage to reduce the chance of scaphoid nonunion.

Detox Smokers Lungs
Detox Smokers Lungs samer kareem 1,585 Views • 3 years ago

For strong lungs, chew 3 to 5 peppermint leaves each day. To treat congestion, add a few drops of peppermint oil to a pot of hot water and inhale the steam. You can also drink 2 cups of peppermint tea daily. To make the tea, add 1 teaspoon of dried peppermint leaves to a cup of hot water.

How to Read Blood Pressure
How to Read Blood Pressure samer kareem 13,516 Views • 3 years ago

Ways to help ensure your patients and practice get the most accurate results when measuring blood pressure.

Pill that could replace exercise.
Pill that could replace exercise. samer kareem 1,554 Views • 3 years ago

Scientists are working on a pill that could replace exercise.

Dr. Arthur Handal’s Plastic Surgery Work in Boca Raton, FL
Dr. Arthur Handal’s Plastic Surgery Work in Boca Raton, FL Arthur Handal 1,316 Views • 3 years ago

This video was taken 2 weeks after this lovely patient had a Endoscopic Brow Lift, Face and Neck lift, and Fat Grafting. Know more about Handal Plastic Surgery Call us at (561) 912-9888 for more info!

What is Organ Transplant
What is Organ Transplant Indianmedtrip Consultants 7,965 Views • 3 years ago

This process involves surgical removing of an #organ or tissue from one person (organ donor) & placing into another person (recipient) body. https://goo.gl/JfoN8y

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