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An AV fistula is a connection, made by a vascular surgeon, of an artery to a vein.Vascular surgeons specialize in blood vessel surgery. The surgeon usually places an AV fistula in the forearm or upper arm. An AV fistula causes extra pressure and extra blood to flow into the vein, making it grow large and strong.
Knee replacement, also called arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure to resurface a knee damaged by arthritis. Metal and plastic parts are used to cap the ends of the bones that form the knee joint, along with the kneecap. This surgery may be considered for someone who has severe arthritis or a severe knee injury.
To facilitate the delivery of fluids during labour, obstetric anaesthetists from Coventry designed a triple IV peripheral connector with a central high-flow anti-reflux valve. This connector, now rightly known as the Coventry valve, can be used for all theatre settings and is especially useful in obstetrics, ICU, HDU and orthopaedics. More details on www.mediplus.co.uk
Weight loss is the most effective nonpharmacologic measure to decrease blood pressure in overweight individuals. Weight loss with other nonpharmacologic measures can prevent or delay the onset of hypertension and reduce the overall risk of cardiovascular events in such patients. In some patients with established hypertension, lifestyle changes alone may control their blood pressure.
Care must be taken to prevent stenosis at the anastomotic site. If the diameter of the anastomosis is less than 2 cm, the anastomosis should be taken down and resected. A classic end-to-end anastomosis should be performed to ensure adequate diameter to the intestine. If the posterior wall of the colon has been preserved, care should be taken to close the colostomy prior to opening the peritoneal cavity. This will reduce intraperitoneal contamination from the stoma site. Copious irrigation of the wound should be made prior to primary closure. If gross contamination has occurred, delayed closure of the wound should be considered.