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Respiratory Histology – Histology | Lecturio DrPhil 305 Views • 2 years ago

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This video “Respiratory Histology” is part of the Lecturio course “Histology” ► WATCH the complete course on http://lectur.io/respiratoryhistology

► LEARN ABOUT:
- The cellular components of epithelium
- Structure and function of the conchae
- The cellular components of olfactory epithelium
- Components of the true vocal cord
- Function of the epiglottis
- The difference between bronchus, bronchiole, respiratory bronchiole
- Alveolar duct and Alveolar sac
- Components that make up the interalveolar septum
- Type I and Type II of alveolar cells, macrophages and endothelium
- Two separate blood supplies to the lungs and their functions
- Summary of the functions and the system of the respiratory system

► THE PROF: Your lecturer is Professor Geoff Meyer. He is currently teaching at the School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology at the University of Western Australia (UWA). As a leading anatomy and histology expert he is also coordinating the Federative International Program for Anatomical Terminologies (FIPAT) of the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists (IFAA). Besides medical research on the ovarian function, steroidogenesis, corpus luteum, angiogenesis, and microcirculation, Geoff Meyer’s research activities also focus on developing innovative, computer-aided learning and teaching tools. For his inventiveness, Geoff Meyer has received a number of awards, including the Australian University Teaching Award.

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Histology of the Airways
http://lectur.io/respiratoryhistoloyarticle

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0:00 Introduction
2:00 Respiratory system Summary of structure and function
3:32 Conducting portion
7:49 The Nasal cavities
11:27 The nasal cavity
13:06 Respiratory mucosa
15:26 Olfactory mucosa
17:13 Olfactory receptor
21:16 The larynx (and the epiglottis)
25:44 The trachea
29:16 The bronchi
31:35 Bronchiole
38:50 Alveolus
40:45 Air blood barrier
43:36 Alveolar macrophages
45:35 Blood supply and lymphatic drainage of the pulmonary lobule

Structure and Types of Cartilage | Hyaline | Elastic | Fibrocartilage | Connective Tissue Histology DrPhil 92 Views • 2 years ago

✨This video is on the structure and functions of the three types of cartilage (Hyaline, Elastic and Fibrocartilage). I hope it helps! ☀️

🌟What's in this video?
0:00 - Intro
0:07 - Connective Tissue Recap
1:16 - Structure of Connective Tissue
1:57 - Structural Components of Cartilage
3:38 - Types of Cartilage
3:49 - Hyaline Cartilage
8:05 - Elastic Cartilage
8:55 - Fibrocartilage

✨ Other videos you may need:
🔅 Connective Tissue : https://youtu.be/xw_ALdt5n-A
🔅 Collagen : https://youtu.be/3e2JYMNS_W4
🔅 Ossification: https://youtu.be/86V9SNWD_No
🔅Histology: https://www.youtube.com/playli....st?list=PL1rG930trF2

💫 For more videos like this, subscribe to my channel!
Byte Size Med: https://youtube.com/channel/UC....ZghvlgylH3r_CWfA18eF

📚Factual References & for Further Reading:
- DiFiore's Atlas of Histology
- Junqueira's Basic Histology
- Gartner's Concise Histology
- Openstax Anatomy and Physiology
https://openstax.org/details/b....ooks/anatomy-and-phy
- Openstax Biology
https://openstax.org/details/books/biology-2e
(The last two are links to open-source references. They are NOT affiliate links)

🌤 Note:
These are just a collection of my notes. So use them the way you would use borrowed notes from a friend. 📝
The images in this video are hand-drawn for illustration and explanation only.✍️ Hence, they may not be anatomically accurate. I am just one person making these videos. If there are any errors, that is unintentional. I try super hard to avoid them. Please let me know if you find any, so it gets clarified for other viewers. Science constantly evolves and changes. New discoveries are made everyday. So some of the information in these videos may become outdated. If you notice that, please let me know so I can update them.

⚡️Disclaimer:
These videos are NOT a substitute for a medical textbook. Textbooks are written by experts (which I do not claim to be), edited, proofread and referenced. Please use them.
The information has been sourced from multiple references as mentioned above. I draw all the pictures myself. But if I have inadvertently infringed on any copyright, that is completely unintentional. I only make these videos to impart education. If I have accidentally violated copyright in any way, do let me know so I can make the necessary changes or give credit to anyone who is owed the same.
These videos are NOT intended for patient education. They are NOT a substitute for diagnosis and treatment by a licensed medical professional. Always seek the advice of a qualified health care provider for any questions you may have regarding any medical condition, so that they can address your individual needs.

🔅They are ONLY meant to help students of medicine and health sciences with studying, and should be used for just that purpose and absolutely nothing else.

Byte Size Med. All Rights Reserved.

Traumatic Brain Injury - Brain Surgery Animation Scott 168 Views • 2 years ago

http://www.highimpact.com - This brain surgery animation was used to demonstrate a young girl's craniotomy, cranioplasty, and reconstructive skull surgery after her vehicle was struck by a tractor-trailer. The procedures included the evacuation of a large epidural hematoma, the draining of the epidural space, and the reassembly of bone fragments to repair the skull.

More Brain Surgery Animations: https://tinyurl.com/y6m4lkdf

WHAT HAPPENED

A teenage girl was riding home with her parents and boyfriend from a Wednesday night church service when a tractor-trailer struck the back driver’s side of their car as they were traveling through an intersection. The impact sent the car spinning into oncoming traffic where it struck another vehicle. When paramedics arrived, the 17-year-old was unresponsive with bleeding from her left ear and a laceration from behind her left ear.

She was rushed to the hospital where she underwent a series of CT scans that showed a severely comminuted open skull fracture with an underlying 1.1 cm subdural hematoma. She was taken to the operating room where an emergency craniotomy was performed to evacuate the hematoma and reassemble the skull fragments. The patient gradually began to wake up and was discharged six days later, after she showed she could maneuver up and down the hallway.

The biggest challenge in a traumatic brain injury case like this - where most of the damages are deeply underlying and undetectable on the surface - is that the only visual evidence is in the form of 2D black-and-white radiographic films. This can look ambiguous to the typical juror because it’s often difficult to discern where these snapshots are located inside the person’s skull. Tony Seaton, Esq., and Robert Bates, Esq., needed to reinforce this 2D radiographic evidence with maximum 3D context.

We equipped them with a custom Diagnostic Slice Chooser: an interactive presentation that presents radiographic slides within a three-dimensional model of the patient’s head. We also designed the model accurately to the patient’s likeness and colorized the films to highlight key areas of damage. The attorneys could show the complete depth and magnitude of his client’s injuries at every level both before and after the surgery. After establishing the full extent of damages, we also created an animation to walk viewers through the surgical experience the patient would undergo as a result of her injuries.

The visual presentation helped jurors understand the destructive impact this collision had on this young teenager’s life, and Mr. Seaton and Mr. Bates, Esq., were able to acquire a $4.5M settlement for his client.

Read the Full Case Study: https://tinyurl.com/yy4v2dyh

Ventriculostomy Brain Surgery - 3d animation Scott 800 Views • 2 years ago

This 3D animation of brain surgery, shows how a ventriculostomy is performed, which is a neurosurgical procedure of creating a hole within a cerebral ventricle for drainage. It is most commonly performed on those with hydrocephalus, an abnormal buildup of fluid in the ventricles (cavities) deep within the brain. It's done by surgically penetrating the skull, dura mater, and brain such that the ventricular system ventricle of the brain is accessed.

When catheter drainage is temporary, it is commonly referred to as an external ventricular drain (EVD). When catheter drainage is permanent, it is usually referred to as a shunt.

There are many catheter-based ventricular shunts that are named for where they terminate, for example, a ventriculi-peritoneal shunt terminates in the peritoneal cavity, a ventriculoarterial shunt terminates within the atrium of the heart, etc. The most common entry point on the skull is called Kocher's point. An EVD ventriculostomy is done primarily to monitor the intracranial pressure as well as to drain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), primarily, or blood to relieve pressure from the central nervous system (CNS).

For more information about custom medical animation, please visit https://www.amerra.com/.

Watch additional medical animations:

Craniectomy brain surgery - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/1RkseDeYS9g

Accessing an implantable port training - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/xSTpxjyv4O4

Open Suctioning with a Tracheostomy Tube - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/wamB7jpWCiQ

Suctioning the endotracheal tube - medical animation: https://youtu.be/pN6-EYoeh3g

Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/qKTRyowwaLA

How to insert a nasogastric tube for NG intubation - 3d animation: https://youtu.be/Abf3Gd6AaZQ

Oral airway insertion - oropharyngeal airway technique - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/caxUdNwjt34

Nasotracheal suctioning (NTS) - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/979jWMsF62c

Learn about hemorrhoids with #3d #animation: https://youtu.be/R6NqlMpsiiY

LASIK eye surgery - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/Bb8bnjnEM00

CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/G87knTZnhks

What are warts (HPV)? - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/guJ1J7rRs1w

How Macular Degeneration Affects Your Vision - 3D animation: https://youtu.be/ozZQIZ_52YY

NeoGraft hair transplant procedure – animation: https://youtu.be/C-eTdH2UPXI

Craniotomy and Craniectomy Scott 153 Views • 2 years ago

http://www.nucleushealth.com/ - This 3D medical animation depicts two operations, called craniotomy and craniectomy, in which the skull is opened to access the brain. The normal anatomy of the skull and tissues surrounding the brain are shown, including arteries and veins. The animation lists the common reasons for these procedures, and briefly introduces intracranial pressure.

Video ID: ANH13109

Transcript:

Your doctor may recommend a craniotomy or a craniectomy procedure to treat a number of different brain diseases, injuries, or conditions.

Your skull is made of bone and serves as a hard, protective covering for your brain. Just inside your skull, three layers of tissue, called meninges, surround your brain. The thick, outermost layer is the dura mater. The middle tissue layer is the arachnoid mater and the innermost layer is the pia mater. Between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater is the subarachnoid space, which contains blood vessels and a clear fluid called cerebrospinal fluid. Blood vessels, called bridging veins, connect the surface of your brain with the dura mater. Other blood vessels, called cerebral arteries, bring blood to your brain.

Inside your skull, normal brain function requires a delicate balance of pressure between the blood in your blood vessels, the cerebrospinal fluid that surrounds your brain, and your brain tissue. This is called normal intracranial pressure. Increased intracranial pressure may result from: brain tumors, head injuries, problems with your blood vessels, or infections in your brain or spinal cord. These conditions put pressure on your brain and may cause it to swell or change shape inside your skull, which can lead to serious brain injury.

Your doctor may recommend a craniotomy to remove: abnormal brain tissue, such as a brain tumor, a sample of tissue by biopsy, a blood clot, called a hematoma, excess cerebrospinal fluid, or pus from an infection, called an abscess.

A craniotomy may also be done to: relieve brain swelling,
stop bleeding, called a hemorrhage, repair abnormal blood vessels, repair skull fractures, or repair damaged meninges.

Finally, a craniotomy may also be done to: treat brain conditions, such as epilepsy, deliver medication to your brain, or implant a medical device, such as a deep brain stimulator.

The most common reason for a craniotomy is to remove a brain tumor.

#Craniotomy #Craniectomy #BrainSurgery

Precision Brain Surgery Video – Brigham and Women’s Hospital Scott 192 Views • 2 years ago

Alexandra J. Golby, MD, Director, Image-guided Neurosurgery at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, discusses technological advancements to improve the precision of surgery to remove brain tumors.

It’s estimated that each year nearly 80,000 people are diagnosed with primary brain tumors and 100,000 with metastatic brain tumors. Nearly everybody is at risk for developing a brain tumor. Brain tumors can affect people from childhood to the last years of their lives. Men are slightly more affected than women and the causes of most brain tumors are not known.

There are a number of unique challenges in treating brain tumors. One challenge is that primary tumors can have indistinct margins that are difficult to see. Another challenge is that the tissue around a brain tumor is uniquely important and may impact things like language, visual and motor function.

The AMIGO Suite, opened in 2011 at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, is the Advanced Multimodality Image Guided Operating Suite. It's an NIH-funded national center which was developed with the goal of translating technological advances into improvements in surgical and interventional care for patients. In the AMIGO Suite, there is an intraoperative MRI scanner which can be brought in and out of the operating room during surgery to help surgeons visualize a patient’s tumor better.

Image-guided surgery uses the information obtained from advanced imaging and translates that into the planning and execution of surgery by acquiring high resolution and specialty structural images of the brain and also functional images of the brain. These images can be registered to one another and then to the patient's head during surgery. This allows surgeons to pinpoint the location of the tumor as well as the areas that we would like to preserve, areas that serve critical brain functions are located.

One of the big challenges, even with image-guided surgery, is that as we perform the surgery, the configuration of the brain is changing, and we call that brain shift. And it's due to changes in the brain itself and also as we remove tissue, things are constantly shifting and moving. When we're talking about doing brain tumor surgery, a few millimeters of movement can be a big difference. How to measure and track brain shift is an important area of research and a number of technologies are being studied to understand how to measure brain shift during surgery.

The development of various intraoperative imaging technologies allows surgeons to provide the most accurate surgical treatment for each individual patient.

Learn more about precision brain surgery at Brigham and Women’s Hospital:
https://www.brighamandwomens.o....rg/neurosurgery/brai

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