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Epidural hematoma (EDH) is a traumatic accumulation of blood between the inner table of the skull and the stripped-off dural membrane. EDH results from traumatic head injury, usually with an associated skull fracture and arterial laceration.The inciting event often is a focused blow to the head, such as that produced by a hammer or baseball bat. In 85-95% of patients, this type of trauma results in an overlying fracture of the skull. Blood vessels in close proximity to the fracture are the sources of the hemorrhage in the formation of an epidural hematoma. Because the underlying brain has usually been minimally injured, prognosis is excellent if treated aggressively. Outcome from surgical decompression and repair is related directly to patient's preoperative neurologic condition. [1]
systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). This is most likely secondary to sepsis from an infection of the patient's Hickman catheter given the associated skin findings, although culture results are needed to confirm this diagnosis. The patient's low blood pressure is likely secondary to developing septic shock, and he has already appropriately been treated with intravenous fluids. Catheter removal is indicated given his hemodynamic instability. Catheter removal is also indicated in patients with severe sepsis with organ hypoperfusion, endocarditis, suppurative thrombophlebitis, or persistent bacteremia after 72 hours of appropriate antibiotic therapy. Long term catheters should also be removed if culture results are positive for S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, fungi, or mycobacteria.
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What Causes Ulcers? No single cause has been found for ulcers. However, it is now clear that an ulcer is the end result of an imbalance between digestive fluids in the stomach and duodenum. Most ulcers are caused by an infection with a type of bacteria called Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Factors that can increase your risk for ulcers include: Use of painkillers called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as aspirin, naproxen (Aleve, Anaprox, Naprosyn, and others), ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil, some types of Midol, and others), and many others available by prescription; even safety-coated aspirin and aspirin in powered form can frequently cause ulcers. Excess acid production from gastrinomas, tumors of the acid producing cells of the stomach that increases acid output (seen in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome) Excessive drinking of alcohol Smoking or chewing tobacco Serious illness Radiation treatment to the area What Are the Symptoms of an Ulcer? An ulcer may or may not have symptoms. When symptoms occur, they may include: A gnawing or burning pain in the middle or upper stomach between meals or at night Bloating Heartburn Nausea or vomiting In severe cases, symptoms can include: Dark or black stool (due to bleeding) Vomiting blood (that can look like "coffee-grounds") Weight loss Severe pain in the mid to upper abdomen
Most C-sections are done under regional anesthesia, which numbs only the lower part of your body — allowing you to remain awake during the procedure. A common choice is a spinal block, in which pain medication is injected directly into the sac surrounding your spinal cord
There are twelve cranial nerves in total. The olfactory nerve (CN I) and optic nerve (CN II) originate from the cerebrum. Cranial nerves III – XII arise from the brain stem (Figure 1). They can arise from a specific part of the brain stem (midbrain, pons or medulla), or from a junction between two parts: Midbrain – the trochlear nerve (IV) comes from the posterior side of the midbrain. It has the longest intracranial length of all the cranial nerves. Midbrain-pontine junction – oculomotor (III). Pons – trigeminal (V). Pontine-medulla junction – abducens, facial, vestibulocochlear (VI-VIII). Medulla Oblongata – posterior to the olive: glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory (IX-XI). Anterior to the olive: hypoglossal (XII). The cranial nerves are numbered by their loca
Colon Irritable Tratamiento Natural, Tratamiento Sindrome Intestino Irritable, Colon Irritable Cura--- http://intestino-irritable-tratamiento.plus101.com --- Los Alimentos Desencadenantes De SCI, Esta dolencia gastrointestinal puede ser desencadenada por ciertos alimentos o grupos de alimentos, de los cuales podemos mencionar específicamente seis de ellos. Lo aconsejable es que evite su consumo si usted sufre o es propenso a sufrir SII. 1 - Los alimentos fritos, especialmente los fritos con aceites que contienen ácidos grasos trans hidrogenados. Dentro de este grupo encontramos las llamadas comidas rápidas. 2 - La carne y los productos lácteos: las carnes grasas, especialmente de las granjas industriales, carnes procesadas y la leche pasteurizada. Para reemplazar estos alimentos, se puede utilizar leche de soja o la llamada carne orgánica, proveniente de ganado alimentado a base de pasto, libre de químicos, antibióticos y hormonas de crecimiento. 3 - Los productos horneados procesados incluyendo panes envasados, pasteles y galletas. Contienen azúcar refinada y grasas malas, así como harina blanca refinada. A veces es posible que contengan jarabe de maíz alto en fructosa. Si usted sufre del SII, puede optar por la compra de productos de panadería directamente de una panadería de su confianza o hacer sus propios productos caseros con ingredientes enteros. Trigo germinado, los sustitutos del trigo, como el trigo sarraceno espelta, u otros granos utilizados en productos de panadería (sin aditivos perjudiciales) también pueden ser una opción que no va a afectar a su organismo. Lea atentamente las etiquetas de los productos que consume y ante cualquier duda, debe asesorarse. 4 - El café y el alcohol pueden crear respuestas ácidas del esfínter inferior del esófago y la válvula ileocecal, que es el esfínter entre los intestinos grueso y delgado que se abre brevemente y se cierre la mayor parte del tiempo para evitar que los fluidos intestinales se mezclen. La causa principal de muchos de los problemas del SII y de otras enfermedades digestivas más graves se da cuando la válvula ileocecal permanece abierta demasiado tiempo. Todas las demás recomendaciones relativas a los alimentos y los hábitos alimentarios son relevantes para evitar que esto ocurra. 5 - Los edulcorantes artificiales: El sorbitol puede no ser tan peligroso neurológicamente como el aspartamo y otros edulcorantes artificiales, pero estimula los síntomas del SII. Para obtener más consejos sobre alimentación sana que lo ayude a aliviar sus síntomas del SII, puede dirigirse al sitio http://intestino-irritable-tratamiento.plus101.com
What goes into providing anesthesia for cardiac surgery where a patient's heart is completely arrested? In this video, I take you into the operating room during a surgery and talk with Dr. Benji Salter, program director for Mt. Sinai Hospital's cardiothoracic anesthesiology fellowship program.
While no patient information is shown in this video, the patient did provide written consent for filming to occur during surgery. Permission was also obtained from Mount Sinai Hospital's Department of Anesthesiology as well as the hospital's Press Office.
Chapters
0:00 Start
0:44 Surgery background
1:40 Case preparation
2:45 Anesthesia equipment
6:21 Echocardiography
7:16 Preparing for bypass
8:34 Stopping the heart
9:06 Fellowship
10:46 Why cardiac anesthesia?
11:52 Coming off of bypass
13:06 Post-op recovery
The information in this video is not intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. All content, including text, graphics, images, and information, contained in this video is for general information purposes only and does not replace a consultation with your own doctor/health professional.
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