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An educational video showing how a vasectomy is performed. Procedure education only — discuss contraception decisions with your clinician.

Sex reassignment surgery for male-to-female involves reshaping the male genitals into a form with the appearance of, and, as far as possible, the function of female genitalia. Prior to any surgeries, patients usually undergo hormone replacement therapy (HRT), and, depending on the age at which HRT begins, facial hair removal. There are associated surgeries patients may elect to, including facial feminization surgery, breast augmentation, and various other procedures

An educational video of circumcision performed by the dissection/sleeve method. Procedure education only — not personal medical advice.

A new video illustrating the horizontal breast exam technique whihc is performed by doctors for any breast masses or abnormalities.

A step-by-step educational video of an IUD insertion, showing how the device is placed in the uterus. This is procedure education, not personal medical advice — discuss contraception options with your clinician.

-A finding of ASC on cytology requires further investigation to exclude precancerous lesions. Recommendations differ for women age 21 -24 and those age ;::25. For women age 21 -24 with ASCUS or low-grade squamous intraepitheliallesion (LSIL), current guidelines recommend repeating Pap smear in one year. In this younger patient population, HPV infection is transient and malignant transformation is rare. Therefore, colposcopy is not performed unless the patient demonstrates ASC-US or LSIL on 3

A breech birth is the birth of a baby from a breech presentation. In the breech presentation the baby enters the birth canal with the buttocks or feet first as opposed to the normal head first presentation.

There are either three or four main categories of breech births, depending upon the source:

* Frank breech - the baby's bottom comes first, and his or her legs are flexed at the hip and extended at the knees (with feet near the ears). 65-70% of breech babies are in the frank breech position.

* Complete breech - the baby's hips and knees are flexed so that the baby is sitting crosslegged, with feet beside the bottom.

* Footling breech - one or both feet come first, with the bottom at a higher position. This is rare at term but relatively common with premature fetuses.

* Kneeling breech - the baby is in a kneeling position, with one or both legs extended at the hips and flexed at the knees. This is extremely rare, and is excluded from many classifications.

As in labour with a baby in a normal head-down position, uterine contractions typically occur at regular intervals and gradually cause the cervix to become thinner and to open. In the more common breech presentations, the baby’s bottom (rather than feet or knees) is what is first to descend through the maternal pelvis and emerge from the vagina.

At the beginning of labour, the baby is generally in an oblique position, facing either the right or left side of the mother's back. As the baby's bottom is the same size in the term baby as the baby's head. Descent is thus as for the presenting fetal head and delay in descent is a cardinal sign of possible problems with the delivery of the head.

In order to begin the birth, internal rotation needs to occur. This happens when the mother's pelvic floor muscles cause the baby to turn so that it can be born with one hip directly in front of the other. At this point the baby is facing one of the mother's inner thighs. Then, the shoulders follow the same path as the hips did. At this time the baby usually turns to face the mother's back. Next occurs external rotation, which is when the shoulders emerge as the baby’s head enters the maternal pelvis. The combination of maternal muscle tone and uterine contractions cause the baby’s head to flex, chin to chest. Then the back of the baby's head emerges and finally the face.

Due to the increased pressure during labour and birth, it is normal for the baby's leading hip to be bruised and genitalia to be swollen. Babies who assumed the frank breech position in utero may continue to hold their legs in this position for some days after birth.

A full obstetric examination and a normal delivery are presented in this long-form childbirth recording. The video follows the examination of the pregnant patient and then the stages of a vaginal birth. It is a detailed educational resource for midwifery, nursing, and medical students studying obstetric care.

A breast examination performed after breast implant surgery is shown in this clinical video. The recording demonstrates how the breasts are assessed during follow-up examination after augmentation. It is an educational resource for clinicians and students interested in plastic surgery follow-up care.

A video showing the steps of cesarean section surgery and how a baby is delivered by C-section. Educational only — not medical advice.

The obstetric examination is distinct from other examinations in that you, the clinician, are trying to assess the health of two individuals – the mother and the fetus – simultaneously. From the initial history, you should be able to judge the health of the pregnancy, any risk factors that need to be addressed, and any concerns from the parents. The history is an opportunity for you to find out how much the parents know about pregnancy, labour and delivery and if they have any preferences to which these events are carried out. A carefully taken history will also direct your attention to specific signs during the examination. As such, it is important that you develop a concise and systematic method of taking the history and carrying out the examination so that you do not miss any important information. This article focuses primarily on the examination. Pregnancy is a sensitive issue, especially for the primigravida’s. Therefore, extra care is needed when you approach a pregnant woman. Always obtain expressed informed consent before examining her and have a chaperone accompany you throughout the examination. A walk-through of what you will be doing is a good way of reassuring the patient and allows the examination to go on smoothly. It is also important to let your patient know that if the examination is too painful, she can stop at any time she wants. Finally, before you begin, you should always wash your hands, especially at an OSCE station.

Colonoscopy is a test that allows your doctor to look at the inner lining of your large intestine (rectum and colon). He or she uses a thin, flexible tube called a colonoscope to look at the colon. A colonoscopy helps find ulcers, colon polyps, tumors, and areas of inflammation or bleeding.

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It is very important to instruct your patients about how to self exam their breasts for any abnormalities or masses for early detection of any changes

An animated step-by-step guide to how a normal spontaneous vaginal delivery proceeds, for students and expectant parents learning how birth works. Educational only — not medical advice.

This educational video presents circumcision — the surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis — showing how the procedure is performed and the anatomical structures involved. Shared for medical and surgical education. Educational only — not medical advice.

this video shows how the child circumcision is easy and safe with alisklamp

In this recording, a first-time mother gives birth in a birthing pool, with the delivery documented from the final contractions through the baby's arrival. Water births are supported by a midwife or birth team, as shown here. It offers expectant parents and students a realistic view of the method. For learning purposes only — not medical advice.

An educational documentary on female reproductive anatomy and how it works. Educational only — not medical advice.

A clear 3D animation of a normal vaginal delivery, showing how the baby moves through the birth canal. Educational only — not medical advice.