This video shows the delivery of the placenta after delivery of the fetus

Before ovulation occurs, the average diameter of the dominant follicle is 22 to 24 mm (range 18-36 mm). It is the only marker that can predict ovulation with ease. * In stimulated cycle (hormonal treatment), generally, all or most of the antral follicles grow. The growth rate will be different for each of them.

Detailed examination of the joints is usually not included in the routine medical examination. However, joint related complaints are rather common, and understanding anatomy and physiology of both normal function and pathologic conditions is critically important when evaluating the symptomatic patient. By gaining an appreciation for the basic structures and functioning of the joint, you'll be able to "logic" your way thru the exam, even if you can't remember the eponym attached to each specific test!

Nuclear Transfer is a form of cloning. The steps involve removing the DNA from an oocyte and while(unfertilized egg), and injecting the nucleus which contains the DNA to be cloned. In rare instances, the newly constructed cell will divide normally, replicating the new DNA while remaining

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You can find the NOTES and ILLUSTRATIONS for this lecture on our website at:
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In this lecture Professor Kristin Beach, MSN, BSN, RN will be discussing Hemodialysis. Hemodialysis is a procedure where a dialysis machine and a special filter called an artificial kidney, or a dialyzer, are used to clean your blood. In order to receive dialysis, a minor surgery is performed to the arm to create an arteriovenous shunt.

Table of Contents:
0:00 Lab
0:07 Hemodialysis Introduction
0:27 Defining Hemodialysis
11:02 Dialysis: Pre-Procedure
14:52 Dialysis: Intra-Procedure
17:34 Dialysis: Post-Procedure
18:58 Complications
27:35 Comment, Like, SUBSCRIBE!

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each type of heart problem requires different treatment but may share similar warning signs. It is important to see your doctor so that you can receive a correct diagnosis and prompt treatment. Learn to recognize the symptoms that may signal heart disease. Call your doctor if you begin to have new symptoms or if they become more frequent or severe. Symptoms of Coronary Artery Disease The most common symptom of coronary artery disease is angina, or chest pain. Angina can be described as a discomfort, heaviness, pressure, aching, burning, fullness, squeezing, or painful feeling in your chest. It can be mistaken for indigestion or heartburn. Angina may also be felt in the shoulders, arms, neck, throat, jaw, or back. Other symptoms of coronary artery disease include: Shortness of breath Palpitations (irregular heart beats, or a "flip-flop" feeling in your chest) A faster heartbeat Weakness or dizziness Nausea Sweating

You may have recently found out that you are deficient or know someone who is. It's shocking for most people when they have never had a problem before and believe nothing has changed to make it a problem now. The truth is that a lot has changed, and vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency is now a global public-health problem affecting an estimated 1 billion people worldwide. The most well-known consequences to not having enough vitamin D are rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. These are far from the only problems associated with a vitamin D deficiency.

Shaken baby syndrome symptoms and signs include: Extreme irritability Difficulty staying awake Breathing problems Poor eating Tremors Vomiting Pale or bluish skin Seizures Paralysis Coma Other injuries that may not be initially noticeable include bleeding in the brain and eye, damage to the spinal cord and neck and fractures of the ribs, skull and bones. Evidence of prior child abuse also is common.

UChicago Medicine organ transplant surgeon Dr. Rolf Barth explains a how the laparoscopic donor nephrectomy – also known as the single-port nephrectomy – procedure works to remove an organ donor’s kidney from their body to be transplanted into a recipient. This minimally invasive kidney donor transplant surgery allows living organ donors the get back to their lives more quickly than the traditional approach and leaves them with a nearly invisible scar in the belly button.

Learn more about living kidney donation: https://www.uchicagomedicine.o....rg/conditions-servic

Obstructive lung diseases include conditions that make it hard to exhale all the air in the lungs. People with restrictive lung disease have difficulty fully expanding their lungs with air. Obstructive and restrictive lung disease share the same main symptom: shortness of breath with exertion.

For more information on peritoneal dialysis: https://www.massgeneralbrigham.....org/en/about/newsro

Why does someone need dialysis? What is peritoneal dialysis? How does it work? John Kevin Tucker, M.D., Nephrologist at Brigham and Women's Hospital and Vice President for Education at Mass General Brigham, discusses peritoneal dialysis and its benefits for people who have lost their kidney function.

Subscribe Link: https://www.youtube.com/channe....l/UCYrLjATd88gPwIKnt

0:00 - Intro
0:24 - Why Do I Need Dialysis?
1:42 - Treatment
2:02 - Why Is It Called Peritoneal Dialysis
2:35 - 2 Forms of Peritoneal Dialysis
3:50 - Continuous Cycling Peritoneal Dialysis
4:38 - Myths
5:55 - Preparing For Peritoneal Dialysis

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Mass General Brigham combines the strength of two world-class academic medical centers, five nationally ranked specialty hospitals, 11 community hospitals, and dozens of health centers. Our doctors and researchers accelerate medical breakthroughs and drive innovations in patient care. They are leaders in medical education, serving as Harvard Medical School faculty and training the next generation of physicians. Mass General Brigham’s mission is to deliver the best, affordable health care to patients everywhere. Together, we transform the health of our communities and beyond.

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Peritoneal Dialysis: At Home Treatment for Kidney Failure | Mass General Brigham
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What causes rheumatic fever? Rheumatic fever is not an infection itself, but rather the result of an untreated strep infection. When your body senses the strep infection, it sends antibodies to fight it. Sometimes, these antibodies attack the tissues of your joints or heart instead. If the antibodies attack your heart, they can cause your heart valves to swell, which can lead to scarring of the valve "doors" (called leaflets or cusps). Who is at risk for rheumatic fever? Fewer than 0.3% of people who have strep throat also get rheumatic fever. Rheumatic fever is most common among children aged 5 to 15, but adults may have the condition as well. Doctors think that a weakened immune system may make some people more likely to get rheumatic fever. And, although antibiotic medicines have reduced the number of cases of rheumatic fever in developed countries, there are still thousands of reported cases. What are the symptoms of rheumatic fever and how is it diagnosed? Symptoms of rheumatic fever usually begin 1 to 6 weeks after you have had a strep infection. They are Fever Joint pain or swelling in your wrists, elbows, knees, or ankles Small bumps under the skin over your elbows or knees (called nodules) A raised, red rash on your chest, back, or stomach Stomach pain or feeling less hungry Weakness, shortness of breath, or feeling very tired Your doctor will begin by doing a throat culture to find out if you have a strep infection. Then, your doctor will use a stethoscope to listen to your heart. He or she will also look for nodules on your joints. Sometimes, blood tests, chest x-rays, or an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) may be needed for a more definite diagnosis. How is rheumatic fever treated? Rheumatic fever must be treated right away. If you have a sore throat that lasts longer than 3 days, or if you have a fever and headache along with your sore throat, you should see your doctor for a throat culture. Even if you do not have a sore throat but have a fever and a skin rash, this could also mean a strep infection, and you should get tested. Remember rheumatic fever can result from an untreated strep infection, so it is very important to treat the infection before it leads to a worse condition.

A video from Physical Exam Series of Loyola University Health System, Chicago showing the medical examination of the abdomen

An increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been found in women of childbearing age,[1] with the presence of CVD in pregnant women posing a difficult clinical scenario in which the responsibility of the treating physician extends to the unborn fetus. Profound changes occur in the maternal circulation that have the potential to adversely affect maternal and fetal health, especially in the presence of underlying heart conditions. Up to 4% of pregnancies may have cardiovascular complications despite no known prior disease. The European Society of Cardiology has published guidelines on the management of cardiovascular disease during pregnancy.[

Dr. Ebraheim’s educational animated video describing the anatomy and associated injuries of the knee joint.
Disrupted quadriceps
•Patient is unable to actively extend the knee.
The most common cause of ACL ruptures:
•Traumatic force being applied during twisting motion.
•Side stepping or landing from a jump.
Patient complains of:
•Immediate pain
•Knee giving way
•Swelling
Aspiration of the knee
•If aspiration of the knee joint shows evidence of blood within the joint there is 75-80% chance of ACL and meniscal injury.
Lachamn’s test- ACL knee exam
•Knee is flexed at 30 degrees.
•ACL tear of the knee is identified by pulling on the tibia and examining the frontward motion of the lower leg in comparison to the upper leg.
Radiological exam – ACL
•MRI of the knee joint shows bone lesions or bruising associated with tears of the ACL. Injury is found in the typical location; middle of the femoral condyle and posterior part of the tibia laterally.
Posterior cruciate ligament tear (PCL)
•Common cause of injury is a bent knee hitting a dashboard in a car accident.
Tibial Sag Test –PCL knee exam
Quadriceps active test-PCL knee exam
•The examiner stabilizes the leg of the patient and then the patient is asked to actively contract the quadriceps muscle.
•The tibia is seen actively reduced from the posterior subluxed position.
Lachman’s test-PCL knee exam
•Knee is bent 20-30 degrees.
•The posterior drawer test is carried out while the patient is in a supine position and the knee is flexed to 90 degrees.
•The amount of translation of the tibia relative to the femur is observed.
The dial test is performed while the patient is in the supine or prone position and both knees are in 90 and 30 degrees of flexion. More than 10 degrees of external rotation indicates significant injury.
Common meniscal tears
Symptoms include
•Knee pain
•Pain with straightening the knee
•Swelling
•Locking
•Weakness

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is a disorder that can lead to easy or excessive bruising and bleeding. The bleeding results from unusually low levels of platelets — the cells that help blood clot. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, which is also called immune thrombocytopenia, affects children and adults. Children often develop ITP after a viral infection and usually recover fully without treatment. In adults, the disorder is often long term. If you don't have signs of bleeding and your platelet count isn't too low, you may not need any treatment. In rare cases, the number of platelets may be so low that dangerous internal bleeding occurs. Treatment options are available.

NEUROLOGICAL EXAMINATION

A fractured rib is usually a result of a fall or accident. Prolonged coughing and sports with repetitive movement, such as golf, also can cause a rib fracture. Symptoms include pain when taking a deep breath, pressing on the injured area, or bending or twisting the body. In most cases, fractured ribs usually heal on their own in one or two months. Pain relievers can make it easier to breathe deeply.

This animated video explains what is meant by astigmatism, which is a very common problem with the eyes.