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Watch the BBC first on iPlayer 👉 https://bbc.in/iPlayer-Home http://www.bbc.co.uk/human Richard Edwards undergoes a double hand transplant in which his hands are amputated and replaced with hands from a donor. This is the first time this has been done. Three months later the new hands are already changing his life.

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Pericarditis is an inflammation of the lining surrounding the heart (the pericardial sac). Pericardial effusion is a collection of fluid in the pericardial sac. This fluid may be produced by inflammation. The cause of pericarditis in most individuals is unknown but is likely due to viral infection.

Watch that video to know What is Vaginal Discharge and How To Get Rid of It

Breast Exam Demonstration

DMC Orthopaedic Specialists are the state leaders in a unique new procedure to resurface the knee joint, preserving more bone for the patient. ~ Detroit Medical Center

Comprehensive physical examination

En Bloc Esophageal Mucosectomy, an experimental technique for the endolumenal management of Barrett's related dysplasia and neoplasia. High grade dysplasia is in indication for esophagectomy; however esophagectomy has a mortality rate up to 12 percent, and up to 56 percent of patients may develop s...erious post-operative complications. Multiple ablated lesions can progress under the neo-squamous layer, leading to buried Barrett's mucosa. With conventional piecemeal EMR, cautery effect limits evaluation in areas of interest, Barrett's epithelium is left behind, tissue is not evaluated in situ and invasive lesions may be missed due to incomplete sampling. A new technique, en bloc esophageal mucosectomy, or EEM, was developed. The technique begins with conventional EMR in the proximal esophagus to access the submucosal space. Conventional EMR is being performed here. The mucosa is resected using an electrothermal snare. The mucosal defect from the first EMR is seen here. EMR is then repeated on the opposing wall. Sequential EMR creates a complete concentric mucosal defect. In the following sequence the completely detached column of mucosa can be seen, bounded by submucosa and muscularis propria layers. Here in the stomach, the endoscope is retroflexed and is covered by a sleeve of esophageal mucosa which has been freed to the GE junction and inverted. This sequence demonstrates a double snare technique. This snare is alongside the endoscope. The snare has been passed through the working channel. The working channel snare is pulled back, and the snare alongside the scope is used to grasp the mucosal column. With tension on the column the working channel snare can be threatened and advanced. This sequence shows the snare as it is being passed down to the GE junction. At the GE junction, the snare is tightened and cautery is applied. This frees the column of mucosal tissue from the remaining attachment. The endoscope is then withdrawn. Then detached mucosal column can be grasped with a snare and retrieved. In the following sequence, the long column of mucosa is being withdrawn via the overtube. Here, endoscopic forceps have been passed through the column to demonstrates the concentric nature of the specimen. The length of mucosa can be seen here alongside 2 conventional EMR specimens. Approximately 15cm of tissues was removed in this case. On endoscopy immediately following the resection, there is no bleeding or evidence of perforation in the area of resection. The endoscope is advanced and the exposed submucosa can be appreciated down to the GE junction. This is the low power view of the histologic specimen generated by EEM. Metaplastic tissue adjacent to a dysplastic focus would be completely removed. With a high power view, the layers of the esophagus can be appreciated. The epithelium, lamina propria, muscularis mucosa and submucosa are visible, with no cautery artifact in the area of interest. The technique would remove metplasia, low grade dysplasia, high grade dysplasia, and intramucosal carcinoma, as well a T 1 a lesions. All the animals in this series tolerated the procedure well. A total of five non-survival procedures and 4 survival procedures were performed. In the survival procedures, all four swine thrived in the post-operative period. Two swine were then survived for 9 days following the procedure. On post —op day nine, after passing into the upper esophagus, the proximal margin of the mucosectomy is seen here. Healing appears to be occurring. There is no evidence of leak, and no stricting is seen at 9 days down to the GE junction Passing into the stomach, some residual feed can be seen. Two swine were then survived for 13 days. On this follow-up endoscopy, the area of the mucosectomy is again healing. There was a loose stricture in both animals and both were easily traversed with a 9.8 mm gastroscope. There was a gross appearance of re-epitheliazation in some areas. It is notable that the stricture was present in the proximal esophagus with no narrowing distally. At necropsy there was not eviden

Acute kidney failure — also called acute renal failure or acute kidney injury — develops rapidly over a few hours or a few days. Acute kidney failure is most common in people who are already hospitalized, particularly in critically ill people who need intensive care. Acute kidney failure can be fatal and requires intensive treatment. However, acute kidney failure may be reversible. If you're otherwise in good health, you may recover normal or nearly normal kidney function

Tooth colored composite fillings are chemically bonded to teeth. For this reason, the placement of white fillings does not always require numbing the area being restored. Numbing (anesthetizing) the area is often required if tooth decay has progressed beneath the enamel layer and into the underlying dentin layer which surrounds the nerve of the tooth. Once decay is removed, the tooth is cleaned and a primer (weak acid) is applied to the area being restored. The primer opens pores in the enamel and dentin. A bonding agent is then flowed into the open pores and cured. Curing prepares the bonding agent to adhere to the tooth colored filling material. The filling material is then placed inside the tooth. After shaping the tooth colored filling material to resemble the natural anatomy of your tooth it is hardened by curing with a strong curing light. Once the white filling hardens, your bite will be checked to make sure your teeth fit together properly. If the tooth filling extends into the space between your teeth your dentist will also make sure you can floss between your teeth properly. Adjustments will be made if necessary followed by smoothing and polishing of your new filling..

Acute sinusitis can be triggered by a cold or allergies and may resolve on its own. Chronic sinusitis lasts up to eight weeks and may be caused by an infection or growths. Symptoms include headache, facial pain, runny nose, and nasal congestion. Acute sinusitis usually doesn't require any treatment beyond symptomatic relief with pain medications, nasal decongestants, and nasal saline rinses. Chronic sinusitis may require antibiotics.

As a pediatric surgeon at NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, Dr. Nitsana Spigland treats newborns, children, teens, and young adults requiring surgical interventions. She specializes in antenatal counseling and newborn congenital malformations.

Learn more about Dr. Spigland at: https://www.nyp.org/physician/nspigland.

Maneuver to Correct Shoulder Dystocia Birth

Narrated animation of stroke intervention. Video supplied by Covidien, showing the Solitaire mechanical thrombectomy device, which was the first FDA-approved device for such an indication.

Over one million Americans have the sexually transmitted virus, HIV, which can lead to the deadly disease known as AIDS.
HIV can be transmitted in the sexual fluids, blood or breast milk of an infected person. HIV prevention therefore involves a wide range of activities including prevention of mother-to-child transmission, needle exchanges and harm reduction for injecting drug users, and precautions for health care workers.

Among common cancers, pancreatic cancer has one of the poorest prognoses. Because pancreatic cancer often grows and spreads long before it causes any symptoms, only about 6% of patients are still alive five years after diagnosis. For some pancreatic patients, however, a complex surgery known as the Whipple procedure may extend life and could be a potential cure. Those who undergo a successful Whipple procedure may have a five-year survival rate of up to 25%.

Skin cancer is the most common of all cancer types, accounting for an estimated one third of all new cases. It’s important to take the right steps to ensure proper protection and adopt good sun care habits no matter what your age or stage in life.

small bowel anastomosis (the luminescent material check for leaks, and good flow)

Twin Childbirth Video

What is idiopathic intracranial hypertension??? Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a disorder that results from an increase in the pressure of the Cerebro-Spinal Fluid (CSF) that cushions and protects the brain and spinal cord. The CSF is constantly produced in the brain and reabsorbed back into the bloodstream at a fairly constant rate. This allows the fluid pressure around the brain to remain constant. What are the symptoms of idiopathic intracranial hypertension? Headaches that are generally nonspecific in location, type and frequency and can be associated with nausea and vomiting. Pulsatile tinnitus is a rhythmic or pulsating ringing heard in one or both ears. Horizontal double vision can be a sign of pressure on the 6th cranial nerve(s). Nonspecific radiating pain in the arms or legs (radicular pain). Transient obscurations of vision (TOV), which are temporary dimming or complete blacking out of vision. Visual field defects. These defects can occur in the central as well as the peripheral vision. Loss of color vision. What causes idiopathic intracranial hypertension? The cause is usually not known. A common explanation for increased pressure is a problem with the reabsorption of this fluid back into the body, which causes the pressure to increase. Sometimes the cause is determined and is referred to as “secondary” intracranial hypertension.