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Lumpectomy means that a focal area of cancer is going to be removed. A lot of patients with a lumpectomy don’t need any specific breast reconstruction, explains Dr. Miguel Angel Medina, Director of Microsurgery with Miami Cancer Institute.
Al the end of surgical treatment, all those patients go on to need radiation therapy. For patients who have large breasts, physicians have to take a larger lumpectomy than normal.
A bone-anchored hearing aid (BAHA) or bone-anchored hearing device,is a type of hearing aid based on bone conduction. It is primarily suited for people who have conductive hearing losses, unilateral hearing loss, single-sided deafness and people with mixed hearing losses who cannot otherwise wear 'in the ear' or 'behind the ear' hearing aids. They are more expensive than conventional hearing aids, and their placement involves invasive surgery which carries a risk of complications, although when complications do occur, they are usually minor. Two of the causes of hearing loss are lack of function in the inner ear(cochlea) and when the sound has problems in reaching the nerve cells of the inner ear. Example of the first include age-related hearing loss and hearing loss due to noise exposure. A patient born without external ear canals is an example of the latter for which a conventional hearing aid with a mould in the ear canal opening would not be effective. Some with this condition have normal inner ear function, as the external ear canal and the inner ear are developed at different stages during pregnancy. With normal inner anatomy, sound conducted by the skull bone improves hearing.
A myringotomy is a procedure in which your doctor creates a small hole in the eardrum so fluids such as water, blood, or pus can drain out. In many cases, your doctor will put in a tube so it won't get backed up again. The tube, which will usually fall out on its own in about six to 18 months, lets air flow through and keeps the middle ear dry. Tubes also: Reduce pain Improve hearing Cut down on the number of infections your child may have
Barrett's esophagus is a complication of chronic (long lasting) and usually severe gastrointestinal reflux disease (GERD), but occurs in only a small percentage of patients with GERD. Criteria are needed for screening patients with GERD for Barrett's esophagus. Until validated criteria are available, it seems reasonable to do screening endoscopies in GERD patients who cannot be taken off acid suppression therapy after two to three years. The diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus rests upon seeing (at endoscopy) a pink esophageal lining that extends a short distance (usually less than 2.5 inches) up the esophagus from the gastroesophageal junction and finding intestinal type cells (goblet cells) on biopsy of the lining. There is a small but definite increased risk of cancer of the esophagus (adenocarcinoma) in patients with Barrett's esophagus.
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This video “Respiratory Histology” is part of the Lecturio course “Histology” ► WATCH the complete course on http://lectur.io/respiratoryhistology
► LEARN ABOUT:
- The cellular components of epithelium
- Structure and function of the conchae
- The cellular components of olfactory epithelium
- Components of the true vocal cord
- Function of the epiglottis
- The difference between bronchus, bronchiole, respiratory bronchiole
- Alveolar duct and Alveolar sac
- Components that make up the interalveolar septum
- Type I and Type II of alveolar cells, macrophages and endothelium
- Two separate blood supplies to the lungs and their functions
- Summary of the functions and the system of the respiratory system
► THE PROF: Your lecturer is Professor Geoff Meyer. He is currently teaching at the School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology at the University of Western Australia (UWA). As a leading anatomy and histology expert he is also coordinating the Federative International Program for Anatomical Terminologies (FIPAT) of the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists (IFAA). Besides medical research on the ovarian function, steroidogenesis, corpus luteum, angiogenesis, and microcirculation, Geoff Meyer’s research activities also focus on developing innovative, computer-aided learning and teaching tools. For his inventiveness, Geoff Meyer has received a number of awards, including the Australian University Teaching Award.
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Histology of the Airways
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0:00 Introduction
2:00 Respiratory system Summary of structure and function
3:32 Conducting portion
7:49 The Nasal cavities
11:27 The nasal cavity
13:06 Respiratory mucosa
15:26 Olfactory mucosa
17:13 Olfactory receptor
21:16 The larynx (and the epiglottis)
25:44 The trachea
29:16 The bronchi
31:35 Bronchiole
38:50 Alveolus
40:45 Air blood barrier
43:36 Alveolar macrophages
45:35 Blood supply and lymphatic drainage of the pulmonary lobule
Will you still love me if I have herpes? About 1 in 6 Americans between the ages of 14 and 49 is infected with herpes simplex virus type 2, according to a health survey released by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. If you’re living with herpes, HSV, HPV or other STDs, you're recommended to check out the largest STD support site STDdatings.
Wetness. Even the most absorbent diaper leaves some moisture on your child's skin. And when your child's urine mixes with bacteria from his stool, it breaks down into ammonia, which can be very harsh on the skin. That's why children with frequent bowel movements or diarrhea are more prone to diaper rash.