Cardiovascular Examination Clinical skills - Medical School Revision - Dr Gill

The cardiac exam is one of the clinical skills that medical students learn completely, as more often than not, patients will consult regularly about chest pain, and it is important to be able to identify key cardiovascular signs

As a junior doctor, the examination of the cardiovascular system can be almost a dreaded examination, as cardiac murmurs can literally take years of exposure in order to gain confidence with their identification through cardiac auscultation.

This video demonstrates not merely the examination of the heart, but the complete cardiovascular system including its peripheries.

I hope these clinical skill revision videos are helpful, please like and subscribe and join the community so that we can create more effective videos to help with your journey through medical school

#ClinicalExamination #ASMR #drgill
Some people have found this video useful for ASMR

(cryptorchidism) is a testicle that hasn't moved into its proper position in the bag of skin hanging below the penis (scrotum) before birth. Usually just one testicle is affected, but about 10 percent of the time both testicles are undescended. An undescended testicle is uncommon in general, but common among baby boys born prematurely. The vast majority of the time, the undescended testicle moves into the proper position on its own, within the first few months of life. If your son has an undescended testicle that doesn't correct itself, surgery can relocate the testicle into the scrotum.

Watch that Human Brain Removal During Medical Autopsy Procedure

Laser Dental Surgery HD

Heart Anatomy - Right Ventricle c

Watch that video to learn How to Study The Human Anatomy

A little boy with a mystifying eye condition finally found an answer on the other side of the globe with the help of Dr. Harry Chugani at Children's Hospital of Michigan. ~ Detroit Medical Center

In this video, we show a sports hernia self treatment we give many of our clients. It is not the only part of treatment. Grabbing the skin around the region of the groin strain can reduce pain and stiffness with turning and twisting. Sports hernias are often misdiagnosed with hip labrum tears, hip impingement, adductor tendonitis and abdominal strains.

Want more information? We have a more detailed free webinar on our page here. https://bit.ly/37thtNF

Want some treatment or suggestions of exercises or stretches? Contact us! We have in-person and virtual sessions.
Costa Mesa CA 715-502-4243 www.p2sportscare.com

Sports Hernia Diagnosis

What Is A Sports Hernia?

A sports hernia is tearing of the transversalis fascia of the lower abdominal or groin region. A common misconception is that a sports hernia is the same as a traditional hernia. The mechanism of injury is rapid twisting and change of direction within sports, such as football, basketball, soccer and hockey.

The term “sports hernia” is becoming mainstream with more professional athletes being diagnosed. The following are just to name a few:

Torii Hunter
Tom Brady
Ryan Getzlaf
Julio Jones
Jeremy Shockey
If you follow any of these professional athletes, they all seem to have the same thing in common: Lingering groin pain. If you play fantasy sports, this is a major headache since it seems so minor, but it can land a player on Injury Reserve on a moments notice. In real life, it is a very frustrating condition to say the least. It is hard to pin point, goes away with rest and comes back after activity, but is hardly painful enough to make you want to stop. It lingers and is always on your mind. And if you’re looking for my step-by-step sports hernia rehab video course here it is.

One the best definitions of Sport hernias is the following by Harmon:
The phenomena of chronic activity–related groin pain that it is unresponsive to conservative therapy and significantly improves with surgical repair.”

This is truly how sports hernias behave in a clinical setting. It is not uncommon for a sports hernia to be unrecognized for months and even years. Unlike your typical sports injury, most sports medicine offices have only seen a handful of cases. It’s just not on most doctors’ radar. The purpose of this article is not only to bring awareness about sports hernias, but also to educate.

Will you find quick fixes in this article for sports hernia rehab?
Nope. There is no quick fix for this condition, and if someone is trying to sell you one, they are blowing smoke up your you-know-what.

Is there a way to decrease the pain related to sports hernias?
Yes. Proper rehab and avoidance of activity for a certain period of time will assist greatly, but this will not always stop it from coming back. Pain is the first thing to go and last thing to come. Do not be fooled when you become pain-free by resting it. Pain is only one measure of improvement in your rehab. Strength, change of direction, balance and power (just to name a few) are important, since you obviously desire to play your sport again. If you wanted to be a couch potato, you would be feeling better in no time. Watching Sports Center doesn’t require any movement.

Why is this article so long?
There is a lot of information on sports hernias available to you on the web. However, much of the information is spread out all over the internet and hard for athletes to digest due to complicated terminology. This article lays out the foundational terminology you will need to understand what options you have with your injury. We will go over anatomy, biomechanics, rehab, surgery, and even the fun facts. The information I am using is from the last ten years of medical research, up until 2016. We will be making updates overtime when something new is found as well. So link to this page and share with friends. This is the best source for information on sports hernias you will find.

Common Names (or Aliases?) for Sports Hernias
Sportsman’s Hernia
Athletic Pubalgia
Gilmore’s Groin
How Do You Know If You Have A Sports Hernia?
Typical athlete characteristics:
Male, age mid-20s
Common sports: soccer, hockey, tennis, football, field hockey
Motions involved: cutting, pivoting, kicking and sharp turns
Gradual onset

How A Sports Hernia Develops
Chronic groin pain typically happens over time, which is why with sports hernias, we do not hear many stories of feeling a “pop” or a specific moment of injury. It is the result of “overuse” mechanics stemming from a combination of inadequate strength and endurance, lack of dynamic control, movement pattern abnormalities, and discoordination of motion in the groin area.

#sportsherniadiagnosisselftreatment #sportshernia #california

Finger Abscess Incision and Drainage. Digital block with drainage.

Doctor Ricky Brown reacts to this surgery simulation of an inguinal hernia repair where they repair the hernia sack and create a mesh for the organ to comfortably rest on.

3D Animation powered by:
3DMedWorld - 3dmedworld.com

#shorts #doctor #education #surgery #medical

Watch that Female Genital Walls Tightening Plastic Surgery

A water birth means at least part of your labor, delivery, or both happen while you’re in a birth pool filled with warm water. It can take place in a hospital, a birthing center, or at home. A doctor, nurse-midwife, or midwife helps you through it. In the U.S., some birthing centers and hospitals offer water births. Birthing centers are medical facilities that offer a more homelike setting than a hospital and more natural options for women having babies. The use of a birthing pool during the first stage of labor might: Help ease pain Keep you from needing anesthesia Speed up your labor The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), which sets guidelines for pregnancy and childbirth care in the U.S., says a water birth during the first stage of labor may have some benefits but delivering your baby underwater should be considered an experimental procedure with risks. The first stage is from when contractions start until your cervix is fully dilated.

Delayed puberty is defined as the absence of any signs suggestive of puberty by 14 years of age. In this case, the patient's pubertal delay appears to be constitutional because of his positive family history, absence of syndromic features or systemic illness, and bone age of 12 years. Puberty correlates more closely with bone age than chronological age. On follow-up, the patient will most likely demonstrate a similar onset of puberty as his father.

Insertion of a Palindrome TDC in the right internal jugular vein under ultrasound and fluoroscopic guidance at a restructured hospital in Singapore

Removal of large epidermoid cyst from floor of the mouth

✨This video is on the structure and functions of the three types of cartilage (Hyaline, Elastic and Fibrocartilage). I hope it helps! ☀️

🌟What's in this video?
0:00 - Intro
0:07 - Connective Tissue Recap
1:16 - Structure of Connective Tissue
1:57 - Structural Components of Cartilage
3:38 - Types of Cartilage
3:49 - Hyaline Cartilage
8:05 - Elastic Cartilage
8:55 - Fibrocartilage

✨ Other videos you may need:
🔅 Connective Tissue : https://youtu.be/xw_ALdt5n-A
🔅 Collagen : https://youtu.be/3e2JYMNS_W4
🔅 Ossification: https://youtu.be/86V9SNWD_No
🔅Histology: https://www.youtube.com/playli....st?list=PL1rG930trF2


💫 For more videos like this, subscribe to my channel!
Byte Size Med: https://youtube.com/channel/UC....ZghvlgylH3r_CWfA18eF

📚Factual References & for Further Reading:
- DiFiore's Atlas of Histology
- Junqueira's Basic Histology
- Gartner's Concise Histology
- Openstax Anatomy and Physiology
https://openstax.org/details/b....ooks/anatomy-and-phy
- Openstax Biology
https://openstax.org/details/books/biology-2e
(The last two are links to open-source references. They are NOT affiliate links)

🌤 Note:
These are just a collection of my notes. So use them the way you would use borrowed notes from a friend. 📝
The images in this video are hand-drawn for illustration and explanation only.✍️ Hence, they may not be anatomically accurate. I am just one person making these videos. If there are any errors, that is unintentional. I try super hard to avoid them. Please let me know if you find any, so it gets clarified for other viewers. Science constantly evolves and changes. New discoveries are made everyday. So some of the information in these videos may become outdated. If you notice that, please let me know so I can update them.










⚡️Disclaimer:
These videos are NOT a substitute for a medical textbook. Textbooks are written by experts (which I do not claim to be), edited, proofread and referenced. Please use them.
The information has been sourced from multiple references as mentioned above. I draw all the pictures myself. But if I have inadvertently infringed on any copyright, that is completely unintentional. I only make these videos to impart education. If I have accidentally violated copyright in any way, do let me know so I can make the necessary changes or give credit to anyone who is owed the same.
These videos are NOT intended for patient education. They are NOT a substitute for diagnosis and treatment by a licensed medical professional. Always seek the advice of a qualified health care provider for any questions you may have regarding any medical condition, so that they can address your individual needs.

🔅They are ONLY meant to help students of medicine and health sciences with studying, and should be used for just that purpose and absolutely nothing else.


Byte Size Med. All Rights Reserved.

Diagnosis To determine the most appropriate treatment for your stroke, your emergency team needs to evaluate the type of stroke you're having and the areas of your brain affected by the stroke. They also need to rule out other possible causes of your symptoms, such as a brain tumor or a drug reaction. Your doctor may use several tests to determine your risk of stroke, including: Stroke consultation Stroke consultation Stroke consultation at Mayo Clinic Brain tissue damaged by stroke CT scan of brain tissue damaged by stroke Cerebral angiogram Cerebral angiogram Physical examination. Your doctor will ask you or a family member what symptoms you've been having, when they started and what you were doing when they began. Your doctor then will evaluate whether these symptoms are still present. Your doctor will want to know what medications you take and whether you have experienced any head injuries. You'll be asked about your personal and family history of heart disease, transient ischemic attack and stroke. Your doctor will check your blood pressure and use a stethoscope to listen to your heart and to listen for a whooshing sound (bruit) over your neck (carotid) arteries, which may indicate atherosclerosis. Your doctor may also use an ophthalmoscope to check for signs of tiny cholesterol crystals or clots in the blood vessels at the back of your eyes. Blood tests. You may have several blood tests, which tell your care team how fast your blood clots, whether your blood sugar is abnormally high or low, whether critical blood chemicals are out of balance, or whether you may have an infection. Managing your blood's clotting time and levels of sugar and other key chemicals will be part of your stroke care. Computerized tomography (CT) scan. A CT scan uses a series of X-rays to create a detailed image of your brain. A CT scan can show a hemorrhage, tumor, stroke and other conditions. Doctors may inject a dye into your bloodstream to view your blood vessels in your neck and brain in greater detail (computerized tomography angiography). There are different types of CT scans that your doctor may use depending on your situation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). An MRI uses powerful radio waves and magnets to create a detailed view of your brain. An MRI can detect brain tissue damaged by an ischemic stroke and brain hemorrhages. Your doctor may inject a dye into a blood vessel to view the arteries and veins and highlight blood flow (magnetic resonance angiography, or magnetic resonance venography). Carotid ultrasound. In this test, sound waves create detailed images of the inside of the carotid arteries in your neck. This test shows buildup of fatty deposits (plaques) and blood flow in your carotid arteries. Cerebral angiogram. In this test, your doctor inserts a thin, flexible tube (catheter) through a small incision, usually in your groin, and guides it through your major arteries and into your carotid or vertebral artery. Then your doctor injects a dye into your blood vessels to make them visible under X-ray imaging. This procedure gives a detailed view of arteries in your brain and neck. Echocardiogram. An echocardiogram uses sound waves to create detailed images of your heart. An echocardiogram can find a source of clots in your heart that may have traveled from your heart to your brain and caused your stroke. You may have a transesophageal echocardiogram. In this test, your doctor inserts a flexible tube with a small device (transducer) attached into your throat and down into the tube that connects the back of your mouth to your stomach (esophagus). Because your esophagus is directly behind your heart, a transesophageal echocardiogram can create clear, detailed ultrasound images of your heart and any blood clots. Treatment Emergency treatment for stroke depends on whether you're having an ischemic stroke blocking an artery — the most common kind — or a hemorrhagic stroke that involves bleeding into the brain. Ischemic stroke To treat an ischemic stroke, doctors must quickly restore blood flow to your brain. Emergency treatment with medications. Therapy with clot-busting drugs must start within 4.5 hours if they are given into the vein — and the sooner, the better. Quick treatment not only improves your chances of survival but also may reduce complications. You may be given: Intravenous injection of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). This injection of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), also called alteplase, is considered the gold standard treatment for ischemic stroke. An injection of tPA is usually given through a vein in the arm. This potent clot-busting drug ideally is given within three hours. In some instances, tPA can be given up to 4.5 hours after stroke symptoms begin. This drug restores blood flow by dissolving the blood clot causing your stroke, and it may help people who have had strokes recover more fully. Your doctor will consider certain risks, such as potential bleeding in the brain, to determine if tPA is appropriate for you. Emergency endovascular procedures. Doctors sometimes treat ischemic strokes with procedures performed directly inside the blocked blood vessel. These procedures must be performed as soon as possible, depending on features of the blood clot: Medications delivered directly to the brain. Doctors may insert a long, thin tube (catheter) through an artery in your groin and thread it to your brain to deliver tPA directly into the area where the stroke is occurring. This is called intra-arterial thrombolysis. The time window for this treatment is somewhat longer than for intravenous tPA, but is still limited. Removing the clot with a stent retriever. Doctors may use a catheter to maneuver a device into the blocked blood vessel in your brain and trap and remove the clot. This procedure is particularly beneficial for people with large clots that can't be completely dissolved with tPA, though this procedure is often performed in combination with intravenous tPA. Several large and recent studies suggest that, depending on the location of the clot and other factors, endovascular therapy might be the most effective treatment. Endovascular therapy has been shown to significantly improve outcomes and reduce long-term disability after ischemic stroke. Other procedures. To decrease your risk of having another stroke or transient ischemic attack, your doctor may recommend a procedure to open up an artery that's narrowed by plaque. Doctors sometimes recommend the following procedures to prevent a stroke. Options will vary depending on your situation: Carotid endarterectomy. In a carotid endarterectomy, a surgeon removes plaques from arteries that run along each side of your neck to your brain (carotid arteries). In this procedure, your surgeon makes an incision along the front of your neck, opens your carotid artery and removes plaque that blocks the carotid artery. Your surgeon then repairs the artery with stitches or a patch made from a vein or artificial material (graft). The procedure may reduce your risk of ischemic stroke. However, a carotid endarterectomy also involves risks, especially for people with heart disease or other medical conditions. Angioplasty and stents. In an angioplasty, a surgeon usually accesses your carotid arteries through an artery in your groin. Here, your surgeon can gently and safely navigate to the carotid arteries in your neck. A balloon is then inflated to expand the narrowed artery. Then a stent can be inserted to support the opened artery. Hemorrhagic stroke Emergency treatment of hemorrhagic stroke focuses on controlling your bleeding and reducing pressure in your brain. You might also need surgery to help reduce future risk. Emergency measures. If you take warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven) or anti-platelet drugs such as clopidogrel (Plavix) to prevent blood clots, you may be given drugs or transfusions of blood products to counteract the blood thinners' effects. You may also be given drugs to lower pressure in your brain (intracranial pressure), lower your blood pressure, prevent vasospasm or prevent seizures. Once the bleeding in your brain stops, treatment usually involves supportive medical care while your body absorbs the blood. Healing is similar to what happens while a bad bruise goes away. If the area of bleeding is large, your doctor may perform surgery to remove the blood and relieve pressure on your brain. Surgical blood vessel repair. Surgery may be used to repair blood vessel abnormalities associated with hemorrhagic strokes. Your doctor may recommend one of these procedures after a stroke or if an aneurysm or arteriovenous malformation (AVM) or other type of vascular malformation caused your hemorrhagic stroke: Surgical clipping. A surgeon places a tiny clamp at the base of the aneurysm, to stop blood flow to it. This clamp can keep the aneurysm from bursting, or it can prevent re-bleeding of an aneurysm that has recently hemorrhaged. Coiling (endovascular embolization). A surgeon inserts a catheter into an artery in your groin and guides it to your brain using X-ray imaging. Tiny detachable coils are guided into the aneurysm (aneurysm coiling). The coils fill the aneurysm, which blocks blood flow into the aneurysm and causes the blood to clot. Surgical AVM removal. Surgeons may remove a smaller AVM if it's located in an accessible area of your brain, to eliminate the risk of rupture and lower the risk of hemorrhagic stroke. However, it's not always possible to remove an AVM if its removal would cause too large a reduction in brain function, or if it's large or located deep within your brain. Stereotactic radiosurgery. Using multiple beams of highly focused radiation, stereotactic radiosurgery is an advanced minimally invasive treatment used to repair vascular malformations. Stroke recovery and rehabilitation Brain hemisphere connections Brain hemisphere connections After emergency treatment, stroke care focuses on helping you recover as much function as possible and return to independent living. The impact of your stroke depends on the area of the brain involved and the amount of tissue damaged. If your stroke affected the right side of your brain, your movement and sensation on the left side of your body may be affected. If your stroke damaged the brain tissue on the left side of your brain, your movement and sensation on the right side of your body may be affected. Brain damage to the left side of your brain may cause speech and language disorders. In addition, if you've had a stroke, you may have problems with breathing, swallowing, balancing and vision. Most stroke survivors receive treatment in a rehabilitation program. Your doctor will recommend the most rigorous therapy program you can handle based on your age, overall health and degree of disability from your stroke. Your doctor will take into consideration your lifestyle, interests and priorities, and the availability of family members or other caregivers. Your rehabilitation program may begin before you leave the hospital. After discharge, you might continue your program in a rehabilitation unit of the same hospital, another rehabilitation unit or skilled nursing facility, an outpatient unit, or your home. Every person's stroke recovery is different. Depending on your condition, your treatment team may include: Doctor trained in brain conditions (neurologist) Rehabilitation doctor (physiatrist) Nurse Dietitian Physical therapist Occupational therapist Recreational therapist Speech pathologist Social worker Case manager Psychologist or psychiatrist Chaplain Speech therapy session Speech therapy is often a part of stroke rehabilitation. Treatment outcomes One way to evaluate the care of patients diagnosed with stroke is to look at the percentage of patients receiving the timely and effective care measures that are appropriate. The goal is 100 percent. The graphs below display the percentage of eligible Mayo Clinic patients diagnosed with stroke receiving all of the appropriate care measures.

Integrative Physical Examination Lecture

Labia minoraplasty is an elective procedure that can reduce the size and reshape the inner vaginal lips. Large or asymmetrical labia minora can leave you feeling self-conscience in tight clothing or during intimacy. Long labia may result in rubbing, irritation or discomfort during intercourse and exercise. Certain skin conditions can cause increased sensitivity or tearing of the labia minora. In some cases, the labia minora may be fused with tissue in the labia majora and require medical correction.