Hyponatremia is defined as a serum sodium of less than 135 Meq per litre and occurs in upto 22 % of hospitalised patients. The causes of hyponatremia may be understood based on the pre-existing volume status of the patient which may either be hypovolemic, euvolemic or hypervolemic hyponatremia. This presentation discusses in detail, the causes of these underlying conditions. Also mentioned are the clinical features and management options and therapeutic sodium targets in patients with hyponatremia. Drugs such as demeclocycline and vaptans (Tolvaptan, Conivaptan) are also mentioned as management options which may be used on a case to case basis. Finally, the all important targets of sodium correction over 24 hours are also mentioned, along with a practical formula for calculation of sodium deficit which is explained with an example.

Pernicious anemia Email this page to a friend Print Facebook Twitter Google+ Anemia is a condition in which the body does not have enough healthy red blood cells. Red blood cells provide oxygen to body tissues. There are many types of anemia. Pernicious anemia is a decrease in red blood cells that occurs when the intestines cannot properly absorb vitamin B12.

Vial medication administration nursing skill. Learn techniques to withdraw medication from a vial using a syringe with a needle.

Medications can come in different forms, such as ampules, vials, tablets, capsules, and so forth. When withdrawing medication from a vial, there are a few things you'll want to know as a nursing student or nurse.

First, there are different needles that can be attached to the syringe. You can use a traditional needle with a beveled tip; you can use a blunt-tip needle to reduce the risk of needle sticks; or you can use a filter needle, which is sometimes required or recommended when drawing medication from a vial, particularly in cases of reconstituted medication.

When withdrawing from a vial, you'll want to do these things (assuming they fit with the protocols and manufacturer's instructions):


NOTE: Some medications or vaccines may require a different technique, so always consult with the manufacturer's instructions.

-gather your supplies
-perform hand hygiene
-clean the vial's top with alcohol prep
-attach the appropriate needle
-stick the needle using a technique to prevent coring of the rubber on the vial (start with 45 degree angle, and as you puncture the vial, rotate the needle to a 90 degree angle in one smooth motion).
-push air into the vial equal to the amount of medication you plan to draw
-invert the vial to withdraw medication
-remove air bubbles
-and much more

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Notes: https://www.registerednursern.....com/how-to-withdraw-

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Breast Augmentation Plastic Surgery Video

If you notice a patient beginning to fall, follow these steps to help lower them safely to floor. Always stay with the patient and call for additional help.

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Biliary Colic Examination

Four-point gait crutches walking pattern demonstration review for
NCLEX assistive devices and nurses.

One of the gaits that you'll have to learn for crutches is the 4-point gait. An example of a four point gait crutch pattern would be the patient moving the right crutch first (on the injured side), followed by the left foot, then the left crutch, and then the right foot. Then, you'll repeat this pattern.

In addition to this video, we have an entire compilation that features the various crutch gait patterns, as well as walkers and canes:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k2-w3LZlCVk

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Warning: This video contains actual surgical footage, which may not be suitable for all viewers.

To learn more about coronary artery bypass surgery, please visit http://cle.clinic/3b7dqpE

Cardiothoracic surgeon Faisal Bakaeen, MD, discusses how he does single and bilateral internal mammary arteries, and the benefits of doing this type of coronary artery bypass.

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Anemia is a medical condition in which the red blood cell count or hemoglobin is less than normal. The normal level of hemoglobin is generally different in males and females. For men, a normal hemoglobin level is typically defined as a level of more than 13.5 gram/100 ml, and in women as hemoglobin of more than 12.0 gram/100 ml. These definitions may vary slightly depending on the source and the laboratory reference used. Continue Reading

This form of liver cancer is called primary liver cancer. Noncancerous, or benign, liver tumors are common. They do not spread to other areas of the body, and they usually do not pose a serious health risk. In most cases, benign liver tumors are not detected because they cause no symptoms.

Demonstration of deep dermal suturing technique for laceration repair or wound closure in the operating room.

Arterial Cannulation

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Central Line Dressing Change- Nursing Skills

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Central Line Dressing Change - Nursing Skills:

In this video we’re going to talk about central line dressing changes. In this particular video, we’re going to look at a PICC Line, but the same strategy is also used for a Central Line. Remember the dressing should be changed every 7 days or as needed for peeling or soiling
This includes PICC lines. Sterile technique must be maintained to prevent Central-Line Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI)
We love you guys! Go out and be your best selves today! And, as always, happy nursing!

Bookmarks:
0.05 Introduction
0.22 Mask application
0:36 Patient positioning
0:48 Dressing removal
1:20 Sterilization
1:26 Dressing change kit
2:14 Sterile gloves (Lesson link below)
https://nursing.com/lesson/ski....lls-01-04-sterile-gl
2:50 Cleaning the site
3:30 Bio patch application
4:20 Changing infusion caps
4:41 Labeling the dressing
5:00 Outro

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NCLEX®, NCLEX-RN® are registered trademarks of the National Council of State Boards of Nursing, INC. and hold no affiliation with NURSING.com.

You should not use aspirin if you have a bleeding disorder such as hemophilia, a recent history of stomach or intestinal bleeding, or if you are allergic to an NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) such as Advil, Motrin, Aleve, Orudis, Indocin, Lodine, Voltaren, Toradol, Mobic, Relafen, Feldene, and others. Do not give this medication to a child or teenager with a fever, flu symptoms, or chicken pox. Salicylates can cause Reye's syndrome, a serious and sometimes fatal condition in children.

Cardiogenic shock is a condition in which your heart suddenly can't pump enough blood to meet your body's needs. The condition is most often caused by a severe heart attack. Cardiogenic shock is rare, but it's often fatal if not treated immediately. If treated immediately, about half the people who develop the condition survive.

Arthritis occurs when the cartilage breaks down explains Dr. Derek Papp, Sports Medicine Physician with Miami Orthopedics & Sports Medicine Institute. This it’s a very common knee injury such as the damage of the cartilage and meniscus tear.
ACL tears is another common injury especially in sports like soccer or Australian football, the specialist explains.

The 12-lead ECG is a vital tool for EMT’s and paramedics in both the prehospital and hospital setting. It is extremely important to know the exact placement of each electrode on the patient. Incorrect placement can lead to a false diagnosis of infarction or negative changes on the ECG.

Tummy tuck Sydney Dr Barnouti. Call us on 02-9561 0222 or 1300 002 006
Broadway, Chatswood, Burwood NSW Australia
email:drbarnouti@australiaplasticsurgery.com.au
https://www.plasticsurgery-syd....ney.com.au/abdominop
What is a tummy tuck?

A tummy tuck operation is also known as abdominoplasty. It involves removing excess skin and fat from the stomach area, mainly the lower part of the tummy through surgical procedure. A tummy tuck operation is intended to leave the patient with a flatter tummy and to remove any signs of an 'apron' stomach or an overhang which is sometimes visible above underwear. The skin on this area tends to be stretched and of poor quality. A tummy tuck operation will usually focus on the lower part of the stomach, below the belly button and may require the belly button to be repositioned in some cases. The procedure is often carried out on women or men who have suffered from stretched skin in the stomach area after pregnancy, giving birth, excess fat deposition or weight loss.

What happens during a tummy tuck?

During a tummy tuck procedure the aim of the surgeon is to cut away fat and excess skin. To do this Dr Barnouti will make in incision on the lowest part of the stomach, where a fold will be visible above the pubic bone. He will take out as much excess fat as can be removed and will then cut the skin to fit back over the place where the fat has been removed from. It is important to have realistic expectations of a tummy tuck. Taking too much fat and skin away can result in folds at each end of the resulting scar which are sometimes referred to as "dog ears". Dr Barnouti will make sure you will not have this problem.

Who should have a tummy tuck?

Tummy tucks are recommended for either men or women who have an excess of fat and skin around their abdomen which cannot be removed by weight loss, exercise or liposuction. Tummy tuck operations in women are usually reserved for those who are not likely to have children as it is inadvisable to get pregnant again after having skin removed, this can cause the wound to stretch and scar.

The cost of a tummy tuck in Sydney Australia

The total cost is $7,900 if the patient's health fund cover the hospital's fees. In case the health fund does not cover the hospital's fee, the total cost will be around $12,000 inclusive of the Surgeon, assistant surgeon, Anaesthetist, hospital, operating theatre and follow ups visit.

Payment plans are alos available from Dr Barnouti's office in Chatswood, Burwood or Broadway.

A tummy tuck is a cosmetic procedure that removes excess skin and fatty tissue in order to give a flatter appearance to the stomach. Tummy tucks, also known as abdominoplasties, are ideal for patients who are not excessively overweight but suffer from an overhang of skin around the abdomen.

Performed under general anaesthetic, tummy tucks involve a horizontal incision being made just above the pubic area between the hip bones. Skin and fatty tissue is separated from the muscle and the area is tightened, with the excess skin and fatty tissues then being pulled downwards and removed.
Following your tummy tuck, there will be a scar present across the lower abdomen, but this will gradually fade. You may experience moderate tissue swelling for several months, but this will disappear with time. There may also be a sensation reduction just above the pubic area.

Once your tummy tuck recovery is complete however, you'll benefit from a more attractive figure and the ability to wear a wider selection of clothes.