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This 35 years old man lost his right wrist in metal lathe cut machine. the video is taken about 2 years after replantation. You can see another videos in my site: https://drliaghatclinic.com, https://instagram.com/liaghatclinic, https://t.me/liaghatclinic
What is hemodialysis and how does it work? Who needs it? How do you prepare for it? In the United States, over 30 million Americans have kidney disease, and sometimes, kidney disease progresses to kidney failure or end-stage renal disease. When this happens, you cannot survive unless you have a kidney transplant or some form of dialysis. So today we're going to talk about hemodialysis.
Your kidneys are the two kidney bean-shaped organs that are located in your lower back, or in your flanks. And the kidneys are responsible for filtering out or cleaning your blood. They get rid of excess waste, excess toxins, and excess fluids. If your kidneys stop functioning, then you develop renal failure or end-stage renal disease.
What is Hemodialysis?
Hemodialysis, or blood dialysis, is the filtering of your blood outside of your body. So, if your kidneys stop working properly, the hemodialysis acts as a substitute kidney. Now it's important to note that hemodialysis does not actually correct your own kidney function. It does not fix or treat your kidneys.
#hemodialysis #drfrita
What is The Dialyzer?
The dialyzer is actually the filter. It's the main powerhouse of the hemodialysis system, and it is what actually acts as the substitute kidney. In the dialyzer, you have these hollow fibers that run through it, and these fibers are bathed in something called dialysates, or dialysis fluid.
How Often Are Patients Treated With Hemodialysis?
Most patients who are on hemodialysis are on it between three and six hours, about three days a week, especially if they go to a center.
How Does Hemodialysis Work?
So when you are on dialysis, how does your blood get from your body to the hemodialysis machine and then back to your body? Well, it does so through tubes, and those tubes are connected to your access, and we'll talk about access in just a moment. But as far as the tubing, the tubing is connected to your body.
Types Of Hemodialysis Access
Arteriovenous Fistula or AV Fistula
The AV fistula is the gold standard as far as hemodialysis access is concerned because it gives you the most efficient hemodialysis and it is the least likely to be infected.
Arteriovenous Graft or AV Graft
The AV graft is very similar to the AV fistula in that you still have a surgically connected artery and a vein, usually in the arm, but in the case where if you have veins that are rather thin or arteries that are thin and maybe too weak in order to really give you a properly functioning, substantial AV fistula, then the vascular surgeon may opt to add an artificial material in order to make that shunt a little stronger, or little more durable. And so, an AV graft is another option for dialysis access.
Catheter
If you're in a situation where you need temporary dialysis, or if you have acute kidney injury, then you may have a temporary Vascath placed, and it's usually placed in a vein of the neck, the internal jugular vein, or it can be placed in the groin, or in the femoral vein.
Who Needs Hemodialysis Treatment?
How do you know if you need hemodialysis, and when is it time to prepare? Well, if you follow up with your kidney doctor (nephrologist) regularly, he or she will be watching your labs. They'll be able to see those signs of your kidneys not functioning properly.
Sanjeev Dutta, MD, FACS discusses the fascinating new world of surgical technology. The pediatric general surgeon shares how medicine and technology have combined to achieve less invasive procedures and healthier outcomes for surgical patients.
Dr. Dutta is a pediatric general surgeon at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital. He is also an Associate Professor of Surgery at Stanford School of Medicine and Surgical Director of the Multidisciplinary Initiative for Surgical Technology Research.
Learn more about Stanford Children's Health. http://www.stanfordchildrens.org.
Today on Crash Course Anatomy & Physiology, Hank breaks down the parts and functions of one of your body's unsung heroes: your epithelial tissue.
Pssst... we made flashcards to help you review the content in this episode! Find them on the free Crash Course App!
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Chapters:
Introduction 00:00
Proper Epithelium & Glandular Epithelium 1:38
We're All Just Tubes! 2:12
Cell Shapes: Squamous, Cuboidal, or Columnar 3:34
How Form Relates to Function 4:15
Layering: Simple or Stratified 5:26
Epithelial Cells: Apical & Basal Sides 7:06
Glandular Epithelial Tissue Forms Endocrine & Exocrine Glands 8:20
Review 9:16
Credits 9:54
***
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Commentary:
0:24
He may not look like he’s in good condition but you can guesst that his somewhere in nirvana at this point
0:44
After the operation, this patient loses more than just color in his skin but apparently he loses his nipples as well
1:43
This sedated patient is equipped with his own hand-gun. No pun intended
2:17
His anesthesia dose came with the usual side effects of crazy talk with a dash of attitude and sarcasm
3:17
The only thing crazier than love is being sedated during an endometriosis surgery
4:36
This may come as a surprise to some but penguins don’t actually reside in Alaska. In case you didn’t know that well now you do
5:09
If the doctor advises you against something you can’t resist doing, how many of us would still listen to him?
6:35
When them meds start kicking in , it’s time to frame this experience as an excuse to divulge some of your secret fantasies
7:05
There’s a time and place dirty jokes but anesthesia told this guy any times the right time
7:24
Her 16 year old son talks about the last thing he remembers right after surgery and this is what he says
8:35
She’s definitely not in the mood at all. I wouldn’t wanna tick her off during this time if I were you
8:44
A feeling of relief after your operation may be followed by some emotional changes such as mood swings and over sensitivity
9:44
Even if you do say something you wouldn't normally say while you are under sedation, according to some doctors, “it's always kept within the operating room”
10:38
The beeping sounds of the medical equipments tip this patient over the edge. so she tries to drown out the noise with her own voice
11:08
Anyone who's received anesthesia can attest to feeling pretty loopy. Although many won't remember it's fairly common to say some wacky things after waking up
11:53
It's typical for people to feel sad or vulnerable after surgery. Kind of like how this girl is feeling right now
12:04
If she wasn’t under the influence in the hospital right now , it would be pretty hard to justify this type of behavior
12:17
Imagine working as an anesthesiologist. You might become numb to a lot of strange behaviors and everything unusual becomes the new norm for you
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Dr. Horacio Asbun, Mayo Clinic in Florida, explains the Whipple procedure using this animated graphic of a pancreas. Cancer of the pancreas affects 45,000 people every year in the U.S., and it is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The five-year overall survival rate if a tumor is detected early and surgically removed is 22 percent, versus 6 percent without early detection and surgery. To learn more, visit http://mayocl.in/2zk7FDi.
This video in Spanish/español: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N_zWboNMKWk
Occiput or cephalic — the baby's head is down, and the baby is facing the mother's abdomen. This position results in back pain and a prolonged labor. Transverse — the baby is lying crosswise in the uterus, side-to-side over the mother's pelvis, in a horizontal position rather than vertical.