Excerpt from my Normal Skin Histology video: https://kikoxp.com/posts/3660.

A complete organized library of all my videos, digital slides, pics, & sample pathology reports is available here: https://kikoxp.com/posts/5084 (dermpath) & https://kikoxp.com/posts/5083 (bone/soft tissue sarcoma pathology).

Please check out my Soft Tissue Pathology & Dermatopathology survival guide textbooks: http://bit.ly/2Te2haB ‬

Also, in the past I used "keratinocyte" and "squamous cell" interchangeably (this is because in dermatopathology, we see and talk about squamous cell carcinomas all the time, and those tumors are composed of keratinocytes). But technically, in normal skin histology, "squamous cell" refers only to the flattened keratinocytes in the superficial epidermis. Thankfully, a histology PhD colleague pointed this out to me and corrected my lazy nomenclature!

This video is geared towards medical students, pathology or dermatology residents, or practicing pathologists or dermatologists. Of course, this video is for educational purposes only and is not formal medical advice or consultation.

Presented by Jerad M. Gardner, MD. Please subscribe to my channel to be notified of new pathology teaching videos.

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Watch that video of an Ingrown hair turned into 140-pound tumor in man’s stomach

Mr Brian MacCormack talking about Paediatric Surgery Emergencies. This talk is part of the Paediatric Emergencies 2022 event. To get your CME certificate for watching the video please visit https://www.paediatricemergenc....ies.com/conference/p

#PaediatricEmergencies #PaediatricEmergencies2022 #PaediatricSurgery

If you've always wanted six-pack abs, but can't seem to get to the gym - there's now a short-cut for that. Researchers at the University of Miami have developed a new plastic surgery technique called abdominal etching. It can reshape belly fat to make you look like you spend a lot of time at the gym.

READ MORE: https://6abc.cm/2Vv5Tu4

Watch that Above Knee Amputation Surgery video

Electrical injuries can present with a variety of problems, including cardiac or respiratory arrest, coma, blunt trauma, and severe burns of several types. It is important to establish the type of exposure (high or low voltage), duration of contact, and concurrent trauma. Low-voltage AC injury without loss of consciousness and/or arrest These injuries are exposures of less than 1000V and usually occur in the home or office setting. Typically, children with electrical injuries present after biting or chewing on an electrical cord and suffer oral burns. Adults working on home appliances or electrical circuits can also experience these electrical injuries. Low-voltage AC may result in significant injury if there is prolonged, tetanic muscle contraction. Low-voltage AC injury with loss of consciousness and/or arrest In respiratory arrest or ventricular fibrillation that is not witnessed, an electrical exposure may be difficult to diagnose. All unwitnessed arrests should include this possibility in the differential diagnosis. Query EMS personnel, family, and coworkers about this possibility. Inquire if a scream was heard before the patient’s collapse; this may be due to involuntary contraction of chest wall muscles from electrical current. High-voltage AC injury without loss of consciousness and/or arrest Usually high-voltage injuries do not cause loss of consciousness but instead cause devastating thermal burns. In occupational exposures, details of voltage can be obtained from the local power company. High-voltage AC injury with loss of consciousness and/or arrest This is an unusual presentation of high-voltage AC injuries, which do not often cause loss of consciousness. History may need to come from bystanders or EMS personnel. Direct current (DC) injury These injuries typically cause a single muscle contraction that throws the victim away from the source. They are rarely associated with loss of consciousness unless there is severe head trauma, and victims can often provide their own history. Conducted electrical devices Conducted electrical weapons (CEWs) such as tasers are weapons used by law enforcement that deliver high-voltage current that is neither true AC or DC but is most like a series of low-amplitude DC shocks.[16] They can deliver 50,000 V in a 5-second pulse, with an average current of 2.1 mA.[17] Though they have been temporally associated with deaths in the law enforcement setting, conducted electrical devices (CEDs) in healthy volunteers have been shown to be safe without evidence of delayed arrhythmia or cardiac damage as measured by troponin I.[18, 17] One study of their use in 1201 law enforcement incidents showed mostly superficial puncture wounds from the device probes, and significant injuries only from trauma subsequent to shock, not from the device itself. Of 2 deaths in custody, neither was related to CEW exposure.[19]

Vaginal Hysterectomy Procedure of a 42 years old female patient with a 3 months history of symptomatic vaginal bulge

Bone marrow is the soft, sponge-like material found inside bones. It contains immature cells known as hematopoietic or blood-forming stem cells. (Hematopoietic stem cells are different from embryonic stem cells. Embryonic stem cells can develop into every type of cell in the body.) Hematopoietic stem cells divide to form more blood-forming stem cells, or they mature into one of three types of blood cells: white blood cells, which fight infection; red blood cells, which carry oxygen; and platelets, which help the blood to clot. Most hematopoietic stem cells are found in the bone marrow, but some cells, called peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs), are found in the bloodstream. Blood in the umbilical cord also contains hematopoietic stem cells. Cells from any of these sources can be used in transplants.

Dr. Chadrick Denlinger, MUSC transplant surgeon, describes what must take place when a patient receives a lung transplant.

Acne can form several types of skin blemish, each with a distinct appearance and symptoms. Most minor acne blemishes respond to at-home care and over-the-counter medications. However, people with severe or long-term acne should speak with a doctor or dermatologist. Acne affects around 80 percent of adolescents and young adults. About 40–50 million Americans have acne at any given time. The following are common types of blemish associated with acne: whiteheads blackheads pustules, which are commonly called pimples papules cysts nodules Each type of acne lesion requires a different treatment. Receiving prompt, correct treatment can reduce the risk of long-term skin complications, such as dark spots and scarring. Acne blemishes fall into two categories, depending on whether or not they cause inflammation of the surrounding skin. Whiteheads Whiteheads Blackheads blackheads are pockets of oxidized melanin on the surface of the skin Papules Papules Pustules (pimples) Pustules (pimples) Nodules Nodules Cysts pus in a cyst 1of6 Noninflammatory acne types Whiteheads and blackheads are types of noninflammatory acne lesion. They are the least severe forms of acne. Noninflammatory blemishes usually do not cause swelling and are not very painful. Whiteheads The medical term for whiteheads is closed comedones. These are small, whitish or flesh-colored spots or bumps. They usually have a white, circular center surrounded by a red halo. A hair will sometimes emerge from the center of a whitehead, or it may appear to be trapped within the blemish. The skin around a whitehead may appear to be tight or wrinkled, especially when the whitehead is large or especially raised. ADVERTISEMENT Approved NSCLC Treatment - HCP Info & Resources Request A Rep & Discover A Therapy For Stage III NSCLC. www.stage-iii-nsclc-therapy.com Whiteheads typically do not cause scarring. Blackheads Blackheads are also called open comedones. They are small, black or dark-colored spots that may appear as slightly raised bumps. The skin around a blackhead usually appears normal, while the center of the blackhead is darker than the surrounding area. The coloration is not a result of trapped dirt. Blackheads are simply whiteheads that have opened and widened. When the contents of a whitehead are exposed to air, they darken. Treatment options Many over-the-counter rinses, moisturizers, gels, toners, and creams can treat noninflammatory acne blemishes. They often contain a mix of active ingredients. The following ingredients in over-the-counter treatments can help to break down whiteheads and blackheads: benzoyl peroxide salicylic acid sulfur resorcinol Also, several home remedies and lifestyle changes can help to reduce most minor-to-mild forms of noninflammatory acne. It may help to try: washing the face with lukewarm water and soap twice daily washing the whole body every 2 days reducing stress eating a healthful, balanced diet staying hydrated avoiding over-washing or irritating the skin limiting exposure to the sun always wearing sunscreen when outdoors People should never pop acne blemishes. Doing so can lead to complications, such as: nodules cysts scarring dark spots pitting Inflammatory acne types Inflammatory acne blemishes include: papules pustules nodules cysts Inflammatory acne is more severe than noninflammatory acne, and this type is more likely to cause complications, such as scarring or pitting. Blemishes or lesions that are inflamed, or red, swollen, and warm to the touch can result from inflammatory acne. Minor-to-mild forms Papules Papules are bumps under the skin's surface. They are solid, tender, pink, and raised, and the skin around a papule is usually slightly swollen and red. Unlike whiteheads, papules have no visible center. Unlike blackheads, the pores of a papule do not appear to be widened. Papules develop when whiteheads or blackheads cause so much irritation that they damage some of the surrounding skin. The damage leads to inflammation. Pustules (pimples) Pustules are larger, tender bumps with a defined circular center. The center is filled with whitish or yellowish pus, and the bump has a pink or red base. Immune cells and bacterial cells collect to form this pus. Pustules typically look like much larger and more inflamed whiteheads. Treatment options Several home remedies and over-the-counter medications can treat minor-to-mild papules and pustules. The following tips can help: washing the affected area with cool water and soap using clean hands or a clean, gentle facecloth twice a day applying a warm compress or cloth to the affected area for 10–15 minutes to encourage trapped debris to rise to the surface using products with benzoyl peroxide to combat bacteria using products with salicylic acid to remove dead skin cells and other debris How do you prevent pimples? How do you prevent pimples? How can you prevent pimples from forming? Learn 15 methods of prevention here, including home remedies, lifestyle changes, and diet tips. READ NOW Moderate-to-severe forms Nodules Nodules are hard, painful, inflamed lumps located deep within the skin. They look like larger, deeper papules and have no visible center or head. This type of acne lesion develops when clogged pores damage tissues and cells deep beneath the skin's surface. Nodules are a severe form of acne blemish, and they can cause skin complications such as dark spots or scarring. Cysts Cysts are very large, soft, painful, red or white lumps situated deep in the skin. They are filled with pus. Cysts form deeper within the skin than nodules, and they are the most severe type of acne blemish. Cysts can also cause skin complications, such as scarring. Treatment options People cannot treat moderate-to-severe inflammatory blemishes at home. These lesions require care from a doctor or dermatologist. The doctor can use many products and procedures to treat nodules and cysts. These include: antibiotics, such as tetracycline, doxycycline, and amoxicillin topical corticosteroids oral contraceptives for hormonal-related acne systematic retinoids, such as isotretinoin steroid injections chemical peels photodynamic therapy to combat bacteria drainage and extraction to remove large cysts What causes acne? young woman with forehead acne When a pore becomes clogged, acne can develop. Normally, dead cells collect in the skin's pores, then slowly rise to the surface of the openings and eventually fall away from the skin. A natural body oil called sebum helps to prevent skin cells from drying out. The glands that produce this oil are attached to the pores. When excess sebum builds up, it can cause dead cells to stick together, forming a mixture that becomes trapped in the pores. Acne occurs when a pore becomes clogged with dead skin cells, natural body oils, and a type of bacteria. These bacteria live on the skin and are called Propionibacterium acnes. If they enter and infect clogged pores, this causes acne blemishes to form. When to see a doctor In cases of minor-to-moderate acne, a person will generally have to use home and over-the-counter remedies consistently for 4–8 weeks before they see results. More severe inflammatory types of acne tend to take much longer to clear up. Speak to a doctor or dermatologist if whiteheads, blackheads, papules, or pustules: are severe do not respond to over-the-counter medications are very painful are very large bleed a lot release a lot of pus cover a significant portion of the face or body cause emotional distress develop very close to sensitive areas, such as the eyes or lips Most active ingredients in over-the-counter products are available in prescription-strength treatments. Dermatologists can also remove lesions that are very large or persistent. They can also remove those that do not respond to other forms of treatment. Always see a doctor or dermatologist about nodules and cysts, because these require medical care. Untreated nodules and cysts and those that have been picked or popped can cause scarring.

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Intubation: How to perform endotracheal intubation

Baby Delivery

The bilateral sagittal split osteotomy is an indispensable tool in the correction of dentofacial abnormalities. The technique has been in practice since the late 1800s, but did not reach widespread acceptance and use until several modifications were described in the 1960s and 1970s. Those modifications came from a desire to make the procedure safer, more reliable, and more predictable with less relapse. Those goals continue to stimulate innovation in the field today and have helped the procedure evolve to be a very dependable, consistent method of correction of many types of malocclusion. The operative surgeon should be well versed in the history, anatomy, technical aspects, and complications of the bilateral sagittal split osteotomy to fully understand the procedure and to counsel the patient.

Recently a group of affected females from Cameroon has started raising the voices against an old cultural "Female Abuse" tradition which is "Breast Ironing". The point of this tradition is to inhibit the growth of the female breast so that they will avoid getting raped.

Difference between healthy lungs and smoker lungs

Ganglion cysts are noncancerous lumps that most commonly develop along the tendons or joints of your wrists or hands. They also may occur in the ankles and feet. Ganglion cysts are typically round or oval and are filled with a jellylike fluid. Small ganglion cysts can be pea-sized, while larger ones can be around an inch (2.5 centimeters) in diameter. Ganglion cysts can be painful if they press on a nearby nerve. Their location can sometimes interfere with joint movement. If your ganglion cyst is causing you problems, your doctor may suggest trying to drain the cyst with a needle. Removing the cyst surgically also is an option. But if you have no symptoms, no treatment is necessary. In many cases, the cysts go away on their own.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a mental disorder of the neurodevelopmental type. It is characterized by problems paying attention, excessive activity, or difficulty controlling behavior which is not appropriate for a person's age.

The baby will move head down if there is room or if there is tone in the support to the uterus to direct baby head down. Before 24-26 weeks most babies lie diagonal or sideways in the Transverse Lie position. Between 24-29 weeks most babies turn vertical and some will be breech.