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An animated walkthrough of a vaginal delivery, showing how childbirth progresses stage by stage. Educational only — not medical advice.

The dilatation and Curettage procedure that is commonly performed (D and C)Part 2

ectal exam is an internal examination of the rectum such as by a physician or other healthcare professional.
The digital rectal examination (DRE, Latin palpatio per anum or PPA) is a relatively simple procedure. The patient is placed in a position where the anus is accessible and relaxed (lying on the side, squatting on the examination table, bent over the examination table, etc). The physician inserts a gloved and lubricated finger into the rectum through the anus and palpates the insides.
The DRE is inadequate as a screening tool for colorectal cancer because it examines less than 10% of the colorectal mucosa; colonoscopy is preferred. However, it's an important part of a general examination, as many tumors or other diseases are made manifest in the distal part of the rectum.

This examination may be used: * for the diagnosis of rectal tumors and other forms of cancer; * in males, for the diagnosis of prostatic disorders, notably tumors and benign prostatic hyperplasia; * for the diagnosis of appendicitis or other examples of an acute abdomen (i.e. acute abdominal symptoms indicating a serious underlying disease); * for the estimation of the tonicity of the anal sphincter, which may be useful in case of fecal incontinence or neurologic diseases, including traumatic spinal cord injuries; * in females, for gynecological palpations of internal organs * for examination of the hardness and color of the feces (ie. in cases of constipation, and fecal impaction); * prior to a colonoscopy or proctoscopy. * to evaluate haemorrhoids

The DRE is frequently combined with an FOBT (fecal occult blood test), which may be useful for diagnosing the etiology of an anemia and/or confirming a gastrointestinal bleed.

Sometimes proctoscopy may also be part of a rectal examination.

open multi puncture testicular biopsy to retrieve sperm for ICSI (IntaCytoplasmic Sperm Injection)

Open Inguinal Hernia Operation (German)

A German video showing varicocele surgery

Hydrocele surgery — the operation that drains and repairs the fluid-filled sac around the testicle — is shown in this educational video. It outlines the main steps of the procedure for students and for patients learning about the condition. Procedure education only — not personal medical advice.

An educational video of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for enlarged prostate. Procedure education only — not personal medical advice.

Full examination of the female from head to toe by Loyola Medical School, Chicago part 1

Full examination of the female from head to toe by Loyola Medical School, Chicago. Part 2

Full examination of the female from head to toe by Loyola Medical School, Chicago. Part 4

Loyola Full Male Exam Part 4 A video from Loyola medical school, Chicago showing the full examination of the male

How to read ECG Part 2:
1-All
2-Myocardial Ischaemia
3-Ectopics, Sinus Pause
4-Atrial Arrhythmias
5-Ventricular Arrhythmia
6-A-V Block

Full Obstetric examination and normal delivery by Egyptian doctor Hussein Sulayman and the video is in English showing:

Obstetric Examination
Episiotomy
Obstetric Forceps
Obstetric Instruments

This block is used for procedures of the hand, forearm, and elbow. An injection is given in the patient's axilla (armpit) into a space that surrounds a bundle of nerves that supply feeling to the lower arm. This is usually done with the patient awake with sedation, but can be done with the patient under General Anesthesia.

Sciatic Nerve Block

Internal hemorrhoids and loose rectal mucosa may block the exposure during the purse string suturing in stapled hemorrhooidopexy, and this may cause some complications. To retract the prolapsing rectal mucosa we modified the purse string anoscope of the PPH01 kit (Ethicon-Endosurgery, Cincinnati, O...H, USA) and produced a special anoscope. The open part of the purse string suture anoscope is covered by transparent acrylic (Orthoacryl�, Dentaurum, Pforzheim, Germany). The covering material had complete cylindrical outer and inner surfaces and was thin enough to let the anoscope easily rotate in the anal dilator and to let the 26 mm curved, round bodied needle of the 2/0 polypropilene suture move in the anoscope. A window, 3 cm long and 3-4 mm wide, was opened at the angled part of the anoscope 2 cm to the tip of the anoscope. This special anoscope was used for the purse string suture during stapled hemorrhoidopexy procedure in five patients. No postoperative complications, early or late, were encountered, and we propose that stapled hemorrhoidopexy procedure can be applied more easily by using this special anoscope.

The pelvic floor or pelvic diaphragm is composed of muscle fibers of the levator ani, the coccygeus, and associated connective tissue which span the area underneath the pelvis. The pelvic diaphragm is a muscular partition formed by the levatores ani and coccygei, with which may be included the parietal pelvic fascia on their upper and lower aspects. The pelvic floor separates the pelvic cavity above from the perineal region (including perineum) below.

The right and left levator ani lie almost horizontally in the floor of the pelvis, separated by a narrow gap that transmits the urethra, vagina, and anal canal. The levator ani is usually considered in three parts: pubococcygeus, puborectalis, and iliococcygeus. The pubococcygeus, the main part of the levator, runs backward from the body of the pubis toward the coccyx and may be damaged during parturition. Some fibers are inserted into the prostate, urethra, and vagina. The right and left puborectalis unite behind the anorectal junction to form a muscular sling . Some regard them as a part of the sphincter ani externus. The iliococcygeus, the most posterior part of the levator ani, is often poorly developed.

The coccygeus, situated behind the levator ani and frequently tendinous as much as muscular, extends from the ischial spine to the lateral margin of the sacrum and coccyx.

The pelvic cavity of the true pelvis has the pelvic floor as its inferior border (and the pelvic brim as its superior border.) The perineum has the pelvic floor as its superior border.

Some sources do not consider “pelvic floor” and “pelvic diaphragm” to be identical, with the “diaphragm” consisting of only the levator ani and coccygeus, while the “floor” also includes the perineal membrane and deep perineal pouch. However, other sources include the fascia as part of the diaphragm. In practice, the two terms are often used interchangeably.

Inferiorly, the pelvic floor extends into the anal triangle.

When both mucosa and stroma are parts of the suspect lesion, a deep biopsy is needed. The Cervicore is designed to harvest samples from the cervix and vagina with minimal collateral injury to the surrounding tissues. The procedure is easy with minimal discomfort to the patient.

Macrobiopsy of breast lesions is a complicated procedure when performed with vacuum assisted biopsy tools. The Spirotome is a hand-held needle set that doesn’t need capital investment, is ready to use and provides tissue samples of high quality in substantial amounts. In this way quantitative molecular biology is possible with one tissue sample. The Coramate is an automated version of this direct and frontal technology