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Brain port surgery is a minimally invasive surgical technique performed through a specially designed tube about the size of a dime. Using neuronavigation GPS-like guidance, the brain port is inserted into the brain with millimeter accuracy and is used as a channel to guide the surgeon and his/her instruments to various regions of the brain. Colloid cysts, metastatic tumors, and a variety of tumors within the ventricles are often candidates for this approach.
Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that develops from the cells of
the breast. It is the most common type of cancer among women in
the United States. It is most often curable when found early. The
normal breast consists of three main components: the lobules
(milk-producing glands), the ducts (thin tubes that connect the
lobules to the nipple) and the stroma (fatty tissue and ligaments
surrounding the ducts and lobules, blood vessels, and lymphatic
vessels). About 80% of breast cancers start in the ducts.
Transurethral resection of the prostate (also known as TURP, plural TURPs and as a transurethral prostatic resection TUPR) is a urological operation. It is used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). As the name indicates, it is performed by visualising the prostate through the urethra and removing tissue by electrocautery or sharp dissection. This is considered the most effective treatment for BPH. This procedure is done with spinal or general anesthetic. A large triple lumen catheter is inserted through the urethra to irrigate and drain the bladder after the surgical procedure is complete. Outcome is considered excellent for 80-90% of BPH patients. Because of bleeding risks associated with the surgery, TURP is not considered safe for many patients with cardiac problems. As with all invasive procedures, the patient should first discuss medications they are taking with their doctor, most especially blood thinners or anticoagulants, such as warfarin (Coumadin), or aspirin. These may need to be discontinued prior to surgery. Postop complications include bleeding (most common), clotting and hyponatremia (due to bladder irrigation).
Additionally, transurethral resection of the prostate is associated with low but important morbidity and mortality.
What is a Whipple procedure?
Also called a pancreaticoduodenectomy, the Whipple procedure is performed to address chronic pancreatitis and cancer of the pancreas, ampulla of Vater, duodenum, and the distal bile duct. The Whipple procedure involves removing the cancerous parts of the pancreas, duodenum, common bile duct, and if required, part of the stomach.