Ophthalmoscopy - Eye Clinical Examination - OSCE - Dr Gill

Direct Ophthalmoscopy use of the eyes is a very challenging clinical skill, incorporating both the examiner's knowledge of the retina, but also understanding the use of the ophthalmoscope

In this clinical skills tutorial, we look at the use of the direct ophthalmoscope as part of an ophthalmic examination

it should be noted that in the ideal circumstances, the room lights will be dimmed during the examination, and dilating eye drops used to improve the visualisation of the fundus

Some people may notice an ASMR effect from this clinical examination

#DrGill #Ophthalmoscopy #ClinicalSkills #EyeExam

Hysteroscopy is a procedure that allows your doctor to look inside your uterus in order to diagnose and treat causes of abnormal bleeding. Hysteroscopy is done using a hysteroscope, a thin, lighted tube that is inserted into the vagina to examine the cervix and inside of the uterus.

Dr. Akshay Syal takes us to NYU Langone Health where new A.I. technology is diagnosing brain tumors in record time, which opens the doors to possible new life-saving treatments.

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Sex reassignment surgery for male-to-female involves reshaping the male genitals into a form with the appearance of, and, as far as possible, the function of female genitalia. Prior to any surgeries, patients usually undergo hormone replacement therapy (HRT), and, depending on the age at which HRT begins, facial hair removal. There are associated surgeries patients may elect to, including facial feminization surgery, breast augmentation, and various other procedures.

This video - produced by students at Oxford University Medical School - demonstrates how to perform an examination of the respiratory system. It also indicates common pathologies encountered. It is part of a series of videos covering basic clinical examinations and is linked to Oxford Medical Education (www.oxfordmedicaleducation.com).

Gunshot wounds have become increasing common in urban cities and many such cases can lead to undesirable outcomes. While gunshot wounds to the head are considered most lethal, gunshot wounds to the chest too may be dangerous. Gunshot wound to the chest is challenging owing to the presence of vital organs like lungs, heart and their surrounding structures including major blood vessels. Gunshot wound is caused by penetration of the bullet, which travels through a projectile path after being shot from a firearm. The bullet, on hitting the chest, punctures the tissue it first encounters with, the bones or the muscular chest wall. The extent and severity of the injury depends on the characteristics of the bullet and the firearm, the position and the distance of the victim, the projectile path and the nature of the tissue penetrated.

Abscess drainage in neck

This procedure, and other types of soft palate surgery, targets the back of the roof of your mouth. It involves removing and repositioning excess tissue in the throat to make the airway wider. The surgeon can trim down your soft palate and uvula, remove your tonsils, and reposition some of the muscles of the soft palate. UPPP and other soft palate procedures are the most common type of surgery for sleep apnea. But UPPP alone is unlikely to cure moderate to severe sleep apnea. It may be combined with surgeries that target other sites in the upper airway.

A spinal cord injury is not the sort of thing you have to wonder about having. If you've suffered a spinal cord injury, your life is in danger, and you'll know you're injured. You can't use symptoms to diagnose the sort of spinal cord injury you have, and every patient's prognosis is different. Some make a miraculous recovery within months; others need years of physical therapy and still make little to no progress.

Cardiac catheterization (kath-uh-tur-ih-ZAY-shun) is a procedure used to diagnose and treat cardiovascular conditions. During cardiac catheterization, a long thin tube called a catheter is inserted in an artery or vein in your groin, neck or arm and threaded through your blood vessels to your heart. Using this catheter, doctors can then do diagnostic tests as part of a cardiac catheterization. Some heart disease treatments, such as coronary angioplasty, also are done using cardiac catheterization. Usually, you'll be awake during cardiac catheterization, but given medications to help you relax. Recovery time for a cardiac catheterization is quick, and there's a low risk of complications.

Obstructive lung diseases include conditions that make it hard to exhale all the air in the lungs. People with restrictive lung disease have difficulty fully expanding their lungs with air. Obstructive and restrictive lung disease share the same main symptom: shortness of breath with exertion.

HIV is spread only in certain body fluids from a person infected with HIV. These fluids are blood, semen, pre-seminal fluids, rectal fluids, vaginal fluids, and breast milk. In the United States, HIV is spread mainly by having sex or sharing injection drug equipment, such as needles, with someone who has HIV. To reduce your risk of HIV infection, use condoms correctly every time you have vaginal, oral, or anal sex. Don’t inject drugs. If you do, use only sterile injection equipment and water and never share your equipment with others. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an HIV prevention option for people who don’t have HIV but who are at high risk of becoming infected with HIV. PrEP involves taking a specific HIV medicine every day. PrEP should always be combined with other prevention options, such as condoms.

There's a small area called the Grafenberg spot, or G-spot, inside the vagina. It's located about an inch or so inside the vaginal opening on the upper vaginal wall — closest to the bellybutton. The G-spot is sexually sensitive and swells slightly during arousal and feels raised or bumpy

Cardiovascular Examination Clinical skills - Medical School Revision - Dr Gill

The cardiac exam is one of the clinical skills that medical students learn completely, as more often than not, patients will consult regularly about chest pain, and it is important to be able to identify key cardiovascular signs

As a junior doctor, the examination of the cardiovascular system can be almost a dreaded examination, as cardiac murmurs can literally take years of exposure in order to gain confidence with their identification through cardiac auscultation.

This video demonstrates not merely the examination of the heart, but the complete cardiovascular system including its peripheries.

I hope these clinical skill revision videos are helpful, please like and subscribe and join the community so that we can create more effective videos to help with your journey through medical school

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Some people have found this video useful for ASMR

The first stage of labor is the longest and involves three phases: Early Labor Phase –The time of the onset of labor until the cervix is dilated to 3 cm. Active Labor Phase – Continues from 3 cm. until the cervix is dilated to 7 cm.

If you have gestational diabetes, your baby may be at increased risk of: Excessive birth weight. Extra glucose in your bloodstream crosses the placenta, which triggers your baby's pancreas to make extra insulin. This can cause your baby to grow too large (macrosomia).

The video is a clip from ABC 7 News, KGO-TV. The video details the new FDA approved device Insight eNO system which uses exhaled nitric oxide for effective asthma management, in both adults and children.
Insight eNO has revolutionized asthma treatment. Apieron’s asthma products help in managing asthma for patients suffering from acute asthma attacks by detecting exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) present in the human breath.

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) has a multifactorial etiology and develops as a result of complex interactions between environmental factors, host factors, and pathogens. Environmental factors (eg, weaning, transport, commingling, crowding, inclement weather, dust, and inadequate ventilation) serve as stressors that adversely affect the immune and nonimmune defense mechanisms of the host. In addition, certain environmental factors (eg, crowding and inadequate ventilation) can enhance the transmission of infectious agents among animals. Many infectious agents have been associated with BRD. An initial pathogen (eg, a virus) may alter the animal’s defense mechanisms, allowing colonization of the lower respiratory tract by bacteria.

Watch that video of Dissection Inside Fat Body

a disease in which the body’s ability to produce or respond to the hormone insulin is impaired, resulting in abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates and elevated levels of glucose in the blood and urine.