A broken bone must be carefully stabilized and supported until it is strong enough to handle the body's weight and movement. Until the last century, physicians relied on casts and splints to support and stabilize the bone from outside the body. The advent of sterile surgical procedures reduced the risk of infection, allowing doctors to internally set and stabilize fractured bones. During a surgical procedure to set a fracture, the bone fragments are first repositioned (reduced) into their normal alignment. They are held together with special implants, such as plates, screws, nails and wires. Internal fixation allows shorter hospital stays, enables patients to return to function earlier, and reduces the incidence of nonunion (improper healing) and malunion (healing in improper position) of broken bones. The implants used for internal fixation are made from stainless steel and titanium, which are durable and strong. If a joint is to be replaced, rather than fixed, these implants can also be made of cobalt and chrome. Implants are compatible with the body and rarely cause an allergic reaction.

Most retinal tears need to be treated by sealing the retina to the back wall of the eye with laser surgery or cryotherapy (a freezing treatment). Both of these procedures create a scar that helps seal the retina to the back of the eye. This prevents fluid from traveling through the tear and under the retina, which usually prevents the retina from detaching. These treatments cause little or no discomfort and may be performed in your ophthalmologist’s office. With laser surgery, your ophthalmologist uses a laser to make small burns around the retinal tear. The scarring that results seals the retina to the underlying tissue, helping to prevent a retinal detachment.

Totally Laparoscopic Collis-Nissen Fundoplication

"Laparoscopic Placement of a
Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter"

Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, presents a cardiovascular procedure featuring Eric K. Peden, MD, Shri Timbalia, MD, and Kenneth Livingston as they demonstrate “Laparoscopic Placement of a
Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter".

Surgery: Eric K. Peden, MD, Shri Timbalia, MD, and Kenneth Livingston
Narration: Kenneth Livingston

** This medical education program may contain graphic content. **
_________________________________

A DeBakey CV Education event

Presented by Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center.

Building on Dr. Michael E. DeBakey’s commitment to excellence in education, Houston Methodist DeBakey CV Education is an epicenter for cardiovascular academic and clinical educational programs that support the provision of optimal care to patients suffering from cardiovascular conditions and diseases.

FOR MORE INFORMATION
DeBakey CV Education:
https://www.houstonmethodist.o....rg/education/medical

For the latest education and training opportunities from DeBakey CV Education: http://bit.ly/HMdebakeyemail

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Want concise, relevant reviews of the hottest topics in CV medicine? Subscribe for FREE to the Methodist DeBakey Cardiovascular Journal for quarterly, peer-reviewed issues delivered to your door.
https://journal.houstonmethodist.org/

case of capsular contracture and shows how the abnormal capsule tightens around the implant and the problems this causes

how do you know if I have a clogged duct or mastitis? You'll always have a clogged duct before you have mastitis and sometimes mastitis can be prevented if you jump on it fast enough. A clogged duct may be red, it can be a tender lump on one side or the other, just feel a little bit painful in one area when you nurse, and the best thing to do is apply warm compresses especially before nursing, massage the area from your armpit down towards the nipple, and then nurse your baby. The goal is to unclog that duct, get your baby to fully empty the breast, and hopefully it will prevent an infection. An infection or mastitis develops if the clogged duct isn't unclogged and bacteria start to harbor and grow and then you have an infection. Symptoms can be the same as a clogged duct as far as how the breasts feel. You might notice a red tender area or a lump. In addition to that you usually do have a fever or flu-like symptoms or just have generalized malaise, and fatigue, and aches. If you feel this way, call your doctor as soon as possible because it requires treatment. An antibiotic is the treatment as well as drinking lots of fluids and nursing your baby as frequently as possible. The milk that comes from the clogged duct is not harmful for your baby but sometimes it tastes a little extra salty and babies refuse it. If that's the case be sure to pump so that you're emptying your breast frequently. The more frequently you empty your breast the quicker you'll get over the infection. Also, of course, taking the antibiotics your doctor has prescribed and be sure to finish the entire course. If you have any other questions for me in the future feel free to ask them on our Facebook page at Facebook.com/IntermountainMoms and recommend us to your friends and family too.

• Define and use related medical terminology.
• Describe and demonstrate techniques for imaging the thyroid gland.
• Discuss functional abnormalities of the thyroid gland.
• Correlate laboratory data relevant to the thyroid and parathyroid glands.
• Describe, and recognize on images, pathologies of the thyroid gland.
• Identify the anatomy of the parathyroid glands on diagrams and sonograms.
• Describe and demonstrate techniques for imaging the parathyroid glands.
• Describe, and recognize on images, pathologies of the parathyroid glands.
• List and describe other neck masses.
• Follow relevant protocols when scanning.
• Differentiate the sonographic appearances of the female reproductive organs in relation to the menstrual cycle, the use of contraceptives and hormone replacement, and following chemotherapy.
• Explain the Patient Privacy Rule (HIPAA) and Patient Safety Act (see reference).

If your ear is leaking pus, you may have a hole in your eardrum.Your eardrum is stretched across the inner end of your ear canal. It vibrates when sound waves reach it, so you can hear. A hole in your eardrum can be caused by an ear infection. Fluid builds up behind the eardrum. The pressure of the fluid can tear the eardrum. Some people get a hole in the eardrum for other reasons, like hearing a very loud noise. If this happens, the ear may get infected because germs (bacteria) get through the hole. Ear infections happen to adults and children, but they're more common in children. Some things can make you more likely to get an ear infection with discharge. They include getting lots of colds and coughs, living in overcrowded housing, and eating a poor-quality diet

This video shows a patient with a large squamous cell carcinoma that has eroded through his external ear. The lesion has also infiltrated the parotid gland. We show the resection of this lesion with associated reconstruction.

This video demonstrates the approach to a large base of tongue tumor, which was invading the ramus of the mandible. The procedure, named after Dr. Trotter, is really a median labiomandibuloglossotomy. In this case this poorly differentiated tumor was resected along with a portion of the floor of mouth. The entire area was reconstructed with a pectoralis major myocutaneous flap.

Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain a prevalent threat to patient safety. Proper surgical hand scrub or rub techniques are essential to decreasing the incidence of SSIs. This video provides instructions on the anatomical surgical hand scrub procedure using the brushstroke method. Learn more from the Department of Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control (HEIC) at The Johns Hopkins Hospital: http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/heic

Homan's sign for deep vein thrombosis

A wart is a skin growth caused by some types of the virus called the human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV infects the top layer of skin, usually entering the body in an area of broken skin. The virus causes the top layer of skin to grow rapidly, forming a wart. Most warts go away on their own within months or years.

USMLE Step 2 CS - Acute Abdomen- This is just preview video. To get full access please visit our website : www.usmletutoring.com

Benny Hill Crazy hospital

Cosmetic surgeryVideo

Knee replacement, also known as knee arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure to replace the weight-bearing surfaces of the knee joint to relieve pain and disability.

There's a small area called the Grafenberg spot, or G-spot, inside the vagina. It's located about an inch or so inside the vaginal opening on the upper vaginal wall — closest to the bellybutton. The G-spot is sexually sensitive and swells slightly during arousal and feels raised or bumpy

USMLE Step 2 CS - Dysphagia This is just preview video. To get full access please visit our website : www.usmletutoring.com

The most common symptoms noticed by people with haemochromatosis (inherited iron overload disorder) are • Fatigue, weakness and lethargy • Joint pains leading to osteoarthritis * Other symptoms include: • Abdominal pain • Diabetes • Liver disorders; enlarged liver, cirrhosis • Sexual disorders; loss of sex drive in both male and female, impotence in men, absent or scanty menstrual periods and early menopause in women • Decrease in body hair • Discolouration or bronzing of the skin • Cardiomyopathy; disease of the heart muscle • Neurological/psychiatric disorders; impaired memory, mood swings, severe irritability, depression. These symptoms, if present, take time to develop. No two people are alike and symptoms will vary from person to person. Some people never develop any symptoms at all. All of the symptoms of haemochromatosis can also be caused by other medical conditions or even just the stresses of modern life. They develop slowly and people often do not notice what is happening for a long time. This can make haemochromatosis difficult to diagnose. Symptoms are caused by high levels of iron stored in the body. One indicator of the level of iron stored is serum ferritin. If iron stores are high the serum ferritin level will be high, but serum ferritin levels can also be raised by other factors. The normal range is 20 – 300 micrograms per litre (µg/L) for men and 10 – 200 µg/L for women. There is strong medical evidence of a potential for significant organ damage when iron stores cause serum ferritin levels above 1,000 µg/L. However some people seem to experience symptoms with levels between 300 and 1,000 µg/L. Higher levels are more likely to be associated with more severe symptoms. If haemochromatosis is diagnosed and treated before serious iron overload and significant damage occurs, most symptoms will decrease or disappear. However there is evidence that treatment may not alleviate arthritis symptoms.