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Over one million Americans have the sexually transmitted virus, HIV, which can lead to the deadly disease known as AIDS.
HIV can be transmitted in the sexual fluids, blood or breast milk of an infected person. HIV prevention therefore involves a wide range of activities including prevention of mother-to-child transmission, needle exchanges and harm reduction for injecting drug users, and precautions for health care workers.
The principal signs of cerebellar dysfunction are the following: Ataxia: unsteadiness or incoordination of limbs, posture, and gait. A disorder of the control of force and timing of movements leading to abnormalities of speed, range, rhythm, starting, and stopping.
Initial treatment of a deviated septum may be directed at managing the symptoms of the tissues lining the nose, which may then contribute to symptoms of nasal obstruction and drainage. Your doctor may prescribe: Decongestants. Decongestants are medications that reduce nasal tissue swelling, helping to keep the airways on both sides of your nose open. Decongestants are available as a pill or as a nasal spray. Use nasal sprays with caution, however. Frequent and continued use can create dependency and cause symptoms to be worse (rebound) after you stop using them. Decongestants have a stimulant effect and may cause you to be jittery as well as elevate your blood pressure and heart rate. Antihistamines. Antihistamines are medications that help prevent allergy symptoms, including obstruction and runny nose. They can also sometimes help nonallergic conditions such as those occurring with a cold. Some antihistamines cause drowsiness and can affect your ability to perform tasks that require physical coordination, such as driving. Nasal steroid sprays. Prescription nasal corticosteroid sprays can reduce inflammation in your nasal passage and help with obstruction or drainage. It usually takes from one to three weeks for steroid sprays to reach their maximal effect, so it is important to follow your doctor's directions in using them. Medications only treat the swollen mucus membranes and won't correct a deviated septum.
Ellis and Cathy demonstrate how to administer blood to a patient.
Our Critical Nursing Skills video tutorial series is taught by Ellis Parker MSN, RN-BC, CNE, CHS and intended to help RN and PN nursing students study for your nursing school exams, including the ATI, HESI and NCLEX.
#NCLEX #ClinicalSkills #Blood #bloodtransfusion #HESI #Kaplan #ATI #NursingSchool #NursingStudent #Nurse #RN #PN #Education #LVN #LPN
00:00 What to expect blood transfusion
00:26 First steps for a blood transfusion
1:03 Priming the tubing for blood transfusion
2:29 Confirming the blood for transfusion
4:36 Hanging the blood for transfusion
5:06 Clamping a Y-tube
5:34 Priming the blood for transfusion
7:00 Responding to a blood transfusion reaction
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All of the nurses at Level Up RN are here to help! Cathy Parkes started helping her fellow classmates back when she was in nursing school, tutoring so they could pass their exams and graduate. After she got her BSN and started working as an RN at Scripps Encinitas Hospital, she started this YouTube channel to help nursing students around the world. Since then she has built a team of top-notch dedicated nurses and nurse educators who are focused on improving nursing education and supporting career advancement for nurses everywhere. With flashcards, videos, courses, organizational tools and more, we are singularly focused on helping students and nurses Level Up on their exams and nursing careers.
For more information please visit: https://www.yalemedicine.org/c....onditions/acl-injury
Serious injuries, by and large, cause a lot of swelling in the knee. Especially in younger patients. Now, someone could be arthritic and they overdo it going for a big long hike and they get some swelling the next day. But rapid onset of swelling, it's like hard to make out where your kneecap is, is a pretty big cardinal sign that there's something serious that's happened to your knee. Rapid onset swelling is usually due to blood in the joint. "A meniscus that really tears and flips in the front. You tear your quad or your patellar tendon, your kneecap dislocates, you tear a little blood vessel, your ACL tears, a piece of cartilage in bone gets knocked off and causes bleeding. So a lot of the really significant injuries, people get rapid onset swelling within three to four hours and they should seek attention There's always exceptions to rules, but if your knee looks like a grapefruit, you should go get it checked.
What is polycystic kidney disease? Polycystic kidney disease (also called PKD) causes numerous cysts to grow in the kidneys. These cysts are filled with fluid. If too many cysts grow or if they get too big, the kidneys can become damaged. PKD cysts can slowly replace much of the kidneys, reducing kidney function and leading to kidney failure. How common is PKD? In the United States about 600,000 people have PKD. It is the fourth leading cause of kidney failure. It is found in all races and occurs equally in men and women. It causes about 5% of all kidney failure. What other organs besides the kidney are affected by PKD? PKD can affect other organs besides the kidney. People with PKD may have cysts in their liver, pancreas, spleen, ovaries, and large bowel. Cysts in these organs usually do not cause serious problems, but can in some people. PKD can also affect the brain or heart. If PKD affects the brain, it can cause an aneurysm. An aneurysm is a bulging blood vessel that can burst, resulting in a stroke or even death. If PKD affects the heart, the valves can become floppy, resulting in a heart murmur in some patients. What are the clues that someone has PKD? Most people do not develop symptoms until they are 30 to 40 years old. The first noticeable signs and symptoms may include: Back or side pain An increase in the size of the abdomen Blood in the urine Frequent bladder or kidney infections High blood pressure High blood pressure is the most common sign of PKD. Occasionally, patients may develop headaches related to high blood pressure or their doctors may detect high blood pressure during a routine physical exam. Because high blood pressure can cause kidney damage, it is very important to treat it. In fact, treatment of high blood pressure can help slow or even prevent kidney failure. Fluttering or pounding in the chest About 25% of PKD patients have a so-called floppy valve in the heart, and may experience a fluttering or pounding in the chest as well as chest pain. These symptoms almost always disappear on their own but may be the first hint that someone has PKD. How is PKD diagnosed? Ultrasound is the most reliable, inexpensive and non-invasive way to diagnose PKD. If someone at risk for PKD is older than 40 years and has a normal ultrasound of the kidneys, he or she probably does not have PKD. Occasionally, a CT scan (computed tomography scan) and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) may detect smaller cysts that cannot be found by an ultrasound. MRI is used to measure and monitor volume and growth of kidneys and cysts. In some situations, genetic testing might also be done. This involves a blood test that checks for abnormal genes that cause the disease. Genetic testing is not recommended for everyone. The test is costly, and it also fails to detect PKD in about 15% of people who have it. However, genetic testing can be useful when a person: has an uncertain diagnosis based on imaging tests has a family history of PKD and wants to donate a kidney is younger than 30-years old with a family history of PKD and a negative ultrasound, and is planning to start a family
Knee pain location can often tell you what type of knee pain you have. If you confirm that with common symptoms and what aggravates it… you can get a pretty good idea of ‘why my knee hurts’. So, here’s a quick look at the most common type of knee problems.
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0:00 Intro
0:11 Pain at the front of the knee (Pain in kneecap)
0:42 Pain below kneecap
1:40 Pain on inside of knee
3:05 Pain below knee on inside
3:29 Pain on outside of knee
3:28 Pain above knee
3:28 Pain behind knee
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Mentioned in this video...
How To Fix Pain In The Front Of The Knee… (Runner's Knee) https://youtu.be/g0qmx_0enAA
Looking to stop your knee problems? Do this...
Knee Strengthening Exercises To Prevent Knee Pain
https://youtu.be/Pk-ae_lyx7M
How To Treat Patellar Tendinopathy (Jumper’s Knee) & Quadriceps Tendinopathy
https://youtu.be/MkPwsb-rQwU
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If you’re asking yourself ‘what’s the cause of my knee pain?’ or ‘what kind of knee pain do I have?’ (so that you can look up solutions to your knee pain on YouTube) the position of your knee pain will tell you a lot.
THE MOST COMMON KNEE PAIN TYPES?
Knee pain during running (or actually kneecap pain while running) is usually just that… Runner’s Knee (PATELLOFEMORAL PAIN SYNDROME, or it’s old name: Chondromalacia Patella) If you get knee pain while cycling it will often be the same thing. Same with knee pain with stairs.
Knee pain while squatting could be Runner’s Knee, but if you get pain in the tendon below the kneecap, it’s more likely to be Patellar Tendonitis or Jumper’s Knee.
Meniscus Tears will give you pain on the inside of the knee that is a localised pain, can feel as if it gets stuck, or feel like it’s going to give way, and often it’s hard to fully straighten or fully bend your knee.
Knee pain on the outside of the knee is usually Iliotibial Band Syndrome
ALSO COVERED:
Infrapatellar Fat Pad Syndrome (Hoffa's Syndrome)
Osgood-Schlatter Disease
Medial Collateral Ligament Tear
Iliotibial Band Syndrome
Osteoarthritic Knee Pain
Pes Anserine Bursitis.
Quadriceps Tendinopathy
Popliteus Strain
Baker’s Cyst
ACL Or PCL Tear/Rupture
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#bodyfixexercises #kneepainrelief #kneepain
Anorectal malformations are defects that occur during the fifth to seventh weeks of fetal development. With these defects, the anus (opening at the end of the large intestine through which stool passes) and the rectum (area of the large intestine just above the anus) do not develop properly
You are most fertile at the time of ovulation, (when an egg is released from your ovaries) which usually occurs 12-14 days before your next period starts. This is the time of the month when you are most likely to get pregnant. It is unlikely that you will get pregnant just after your period, although it can happen.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a virus that causes infections of the lungs and respiratory tract. It's so common that most children have been infected with the virus by age 2. Respiratory syncytial (sin-SISH-ul) virus can also infect adults. In adults and older, healthy children, the symptoms of respiratory syncytial virus are mild and typically mimic the common cold. Self-care measures are usually all that's needed to relieve any discomfort. Infection with respiratory syncytial virus can be severe in some cases, especially in premature babies and infants with underlying health conditions. RSV can also become serious in older adults, adults with heart and lung diseases, or anyone with a very weak immune system (immunocompromised).