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An enlarged spleen may cause: No symptoms in some cases. Pain or fullness in the left upper abdomen that may spread to the left shoulder. Feeling full without eating or after eating only a small amount from the enlarged spleen pressing on your stomach. Anemia. Fatigue. Frequent infections. Easy bleeding.
The thyroid gland lies in the midline of the anterior neck, just caudal to the thyroid cartilage. To inspect the thyroid gland, the examiner stands in front of the patient. The examiner asks the seated patient to dorsiflex (extend) the neck and swallow a sip of water. Minor enlargement of the gland may only become apparent on inspection in this position. Palpation of the thyroid gland is typically performed with the examiner standing behind the patient. Both lobes and the isthmus of the thyroid gland should be palpated for any nodules or diffuse enlargement. Mobility of the thyroid gland with swallowing should be assessed with palpation. Nodules arising from the thyroid gland typically move with swallowing. A hard, fixed thyroid gland could indicate malignancy. If a central nodule is identified, the patient is asked to protrude the tongue. Upward movement of the central nodule on protrusion of the tongue indicates a thyroglossal cyst. Auscultation is performed at the superior poles of bilateral lobes as this is where the superior thyroid artery is most superficial and bifurcates into its terminal branches. A bilateral bruit over the superior poles suggests Graves disease. Examination of the thyroid gland is completed by palpating the regional cervical lymph nodes for any enlargement.
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There are three main types of lung cancer. Knowing which type you have is important because it affects your treatment options and your outlook (prognosis). If you aren’t sure which type of lung cancer you have, ask your doctor so you can get the right information.
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Plasma cell dyscrasias are disorders of the plasma cells. Plasma cell dyscrasias are produced as a result of abnormal proliferation of a monoclonal population of plasma cells that may or may not secrete detectable levels of a monoclonal immunoglobulin or immunoglobulin fragment (paraprotein or M protein).
Antibiotic therapy is the mainstay of medical treatment for pediatric rhinosinusitis.] Because of increasing prevalence of beta-lactam–resistant bacteria in the community, administer antibiotics only for suspected infection as based on a careful history and physical examination. Direct the therapeutic regimen against the prevalent pathogens in the community and carefully consider suspicion for highly resistant bacteria. Typically, uncomplicated cases of acute sinusitis are responsive to amoxicillin. Most patients respond to this initial regimen. For children allergic to penicillin, a second- or third-generation cephalosporin can be used (only if the allergic reaction is not a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction). In cases of serious allergic reaction, a macrolide or clindamycin can be used.
A cervical rib in humans is an extra rib which arises from the seventh cervical vertebra. Sometimes known as "neck ribs", their presence is a congenital abnormality located above the normal first rib. A cervical rib is estimated to occur in 0.2% (1 in 500 people) to 0.5% of the population.
This video: Pancreatic cancer begins in the tissues of your pancreas — an organ in your abdomen that lies horizontally behind the lower part of your stomach. Your pancreas secretes enzymes that aid digestion and hormones that help regulate the metabolism of sugars. Pancreatic cancer often has a poor prognosis, even when diagnosed early. Pancreatic cancer typically spreads rapidly and is seldom detected in its early stages, which is a major reason why it's a leading cause of cancer death. Signs and symptoms may not appear until pancreatic cancer is quite advanced and complete surgical removal isn't possible.