What is Esophageal Dilation?Esophageal dilation is a procedure that allows your doctor to dilate, or stretch, a narrowed area of your esophagus [swallowing tube]. Doctors can use various techniques for this procedure. Your doctor might perform the procedure as part of a sedated endoscopy. Alternatively, your doctor might apply a local anesthetic spray to the back of your throat and then pass a weighted dilator through your mouth and into your esophagus. Why is it Done? The most common cause of narrowing of the esophagus, or stricture, is scarring of the esophagus from reflux of acid occurring in patients with heartburn.

35 year old women with breathing difficulties for 6 months and feels like fluid is leaking down her front and back. Pain in thorax, lower back and pelvic. Weight loss. Was exposed to mold for a 2 years. Has a dog witch has persistent worm infection. Also been traveling out of the country.

Bell's palsy is a form of facial paralysis resulting from damage or trauma to the facial nerves. The facial nerve-also called the 7th cranial nerve-travels through a narrow, bony canal (called the Fallopian canal) in the skull, beneath the ear, to the muscles on each side of the face. For most of its journey, the nerve is encased in this bony shell. Each facial nerve directs the muscles on one side of the face, including those that control eye blinking and closing, and facial expressions such as smiling and frowning. Additionally, the facial nerve carries nerve impulses to the lacrimal or tear glands, the saliva glands, and the muscles of a small bone in the middle of the ear called the stapes. The facial nerve also transmits taste sensations from the tongue. When Bell's palsy occurs, the function of the facial nerve is disrupted, causing an interruption in the messages the brain sends to the facial muscles. This interruption results in facial weakness or paralysis. Bell's palsy is named for Sir Charles Bell, a 19th century Scottish surgeon who described the facial nerve and its connection to the condition. The disorder, which is not related to stroke, is the most common cause of facial paralysis. Generally, Bell's palsy affects only one of the paired facial nerves and one side of the face, however, in rare cases, it can affect both sides.

Overview
Heart bypass surgery creates a new route, called a bypass, for blood and oxygen to reach the heart.

Heart bypass surgery begins with an incision in the chest, and the breastbone is cut exposing the heart. Next, a portion of the saphenous vein, which is very large, is harvested from the inside of the leg. Pieces of this large vein are used to bypass the blocked coronary arteries, which are arteries that supply blood to the heart. The venous graft is sewn to the aorta, the main artery of the body, and to the affected coronary artery, to bypass the blocked site.

The internal mammary artery from the chest may also be used to bypass a clogged artery.

Several arteries may be bypassed depending on the condition of the heart. After the graft is created, the breastbone and chest are closed.

#anatomy #histology #bytesizemed

✨If you would like my help studying about cartilage, you can check out my long-form video linked at the bottom of the screen.
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📚Factual References & for Further Reading:
- DiFiore's Atlas of Histology
- Junqueira's Basic Histology
- Gartner's Concise Histology
- Openstax Anatomy and Physiology
https://openstax.org/details/b....ooks/anatomy-and-phy
- Openstax Biology
https://openstax.org/details/books/biology-2e
(The last two are links to open-source references. They are NOT affiliate links)

🌤 Note:
These are just a collection of my notes. So use them the way you would use borrowed notes from a friend. 📝
The images in this video are hand-drawn for illustration and explanation only.✍️ Hence, they may not be anatomically accurate. I am just one person making these videos. If there are any errors, that is unintentional. I try super hard to avoid them. Please let me know if you find any, so it gets clarified for other viewers. Science constantly evolves and changes. New discoveries are made everyday. So some of the information in these videos may become outdated. If you notice that, please let me know so I can update them.










⚡️Disclaimer:
These videos are NOT a substitute for a medical textbook. Textbooks are written by experts (which I do not claim to be), edited, proofread and referenced. Please use them.
The information has been sourced from multiple references as mentioned above. I draw all the pictures myself. But if I have inadvertently infringed on any copyright, that is completely unintentional. I only make these videos to impart education. If I have accidentally violated copyright in any way, do let me know so I can make the necessary changes or give credit to anyone who is owed the same.
These videos are NOT intended for patient education. They are NOT a substitute for diagnosis and treatment by a licensed medical professional. Always seek the advice of a qualified health care provider for any questions you may have regarding any medical condition, so that they can address your individual needs.

🔅They are ONLY meant to help students of medicine and health sciences with studying, and should be used for just that purpose and absolutely nothing else.


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The peroneal artery is closely positioned to the fibula. The artery arises from the tibioperoneal trunk, distal to the takeoff of the anterior tibial artery (seen in the illustration below perforating the interosseous membrane). The peroneal artery sends perforators laterally to the skin of the lower leg, sometimes in a septocutaneous fashion via the lateral intermuscular septum, but often with muscular perforators. The length of the pedicle is usually short, but can be increased substantially by dissecting the peroneal artery and its venae from the fibula and using the distal bone for reconstruction.

Watch that video to know How to Increase Your Chances of Getting Pregnant?

HOW BABY GROWS IN THE WOMB DURING PREGNANCY

The menstrual cycle is the regular natural change that occurs in the female reproductive system that makes pregnancy possible. The cycle is required for the production of oocytes, and for the preparation of the uterus for pregnancy.

A check up at the Ear Nose & Throat doctor to make sure Genie's Opera singing vocal chords are working properly.

During your menstrual period, your uterus contracts to help expel its lining. Hormonelike substances (prostaglandins) involved in pain and inflammation trigger the uterine muscle contractions. Higher levels of prostaglandins are associated with more-severe menstrual cramps.

A thyroid biopsy is a procedure in which a small sample of tissue is removed from the thyroid gland and looked at under a microscope for cancer, infection, or other thyroid problems. The thyroid gland is found in front of the windpipe (trachea), just below the voice box (larynx). A sample of thyroid tissue can be taken by: Fine-needle biopsy. Your doctor puts a thin needle through the skin and into the thyroid gland. Many thyroid specialists like to use a needle biopsy method rather than surgery. Open biopsy. Your doctor makes a cut (incision) through the skin to see the thyroid gland. This method is done when other tests have not found the cause of your symptoms. Core needle biopsy. Your doctor inserts a needle with a special tip and removes a sample of tissue about the size of a grain of rice.

Linen Changes (with Patient in Bed)- Nursing Skills

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Linen Changes (with Patient in Bed)- Nursing Skills

In this video, we’re going to show you how to change the linens with a patient in the bed. This might be after a bed bath or during incontinence care. So check out the bed bath video to see what got us up to this point. We love you guys! Go out and be your best selves today! And, as always, happy nursing!

Bookmarks:
0.05 Linen change introduction
0.16 Linen change supplies
0.30 Adjusting the patient/ sheet removal
1.00 Secure new fitted sheet
1.12 Pro tip
1.40 Roll patient back over
1.50 Repeat linen removal
2.02 Linen disposal
2.20 Wrinkle check
2.31 Reposition the patient for comfort
2.40 Covering the patient/ tuck-in
2.48 Pillowcase change (trick)
3.30 Making the patient comfortable
3.40 Linen change outro


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You don't have to play tennis to get tennis elbow. These easy exercises can help:

Diabetic ketoacidosis is an acute complication of uncontrolled hyperglycaemia characterised by high anion gap metabolic acidosis, dehydration and other metabolic abnormalities. Upto half of patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus may have DKA. The incidence in T2DM is also rising. Precipitants include acute illness such as myocardial infarction, trauma and infection. Paitents of diabetic ketoacidosis may present with vomiting, pain abdomen and lethargy. Mental obtundation may also be present. Management of diabetic ketoacidosis revolves around administration of IV normal saline, insulin, replacement of potassium with frequent monitoring of sugars and electrolytes.

A 76 year-old, female, presented with a three day history of melena without any abdominal pain. She had one episode of hematemesis (about 100 ml blood) in the emergency room, patient has a strong alcoholic drink abuse.
An upper endoscopy with magnification was performed.
multiple ulcers were detected across of the gastric camera,
esophageal varices was also detected

The MINI tummy-tuck is a lesser variant of the classic tummy tuck. The MINI tummy-tuck always involved skin excision (often a scar revision and skin excision of the flabby skin over a C-section scar or hysterectomy or laparotomy scar) but may also involve liposuction, umbilical floating, etc. Commonly it will not include any muscle repair otherwise it it now a classic tummy tuck (aka abdominoplasty). Cost varies depending on the components involved. Here, Toronto Aesthetic Plastic Surgeon Dr Marc DuPéré describes a MINI tummy-tuck done on a patient who had a Brazilian Butt Lift before (and skin harvesting from abdomen) and a recent 20 lbs weight loss, a patient who wants more liposuction to abdomen and flanks and whose skin has now lost elasticity, hence the requirement for this small skin excision. Dr DuPéré also explains what UMBILICAL floating means. Dr DuPéré performs more than 5 different techniques of tummy-tucks in Toronto and the technique chosen reflects the patient’s expectations and anatomy. Call us if interested in learning about YOUR options for a flatter tummy! 📱 416-929-9800

Patient consent obtained. Thank you to my patient.

Visage Clinic Toronto
https://www.visageclinic.com/
(416) 929-9800
101-133 Hazelton Avenue, Toronto, ON M5R 0A6
https://www.facebook.com/VisageClinic/
https://www.instagram.com/VisageClinicDrDuPere/

Thoracentesis is a procedure used to obtain a sample of fluid from the space around the lungs. Normally, only a thin layer of fluid is present in the area between the lungs and chest wall. However, some conditions can cause a large amount of fluid to accumulate. This collection of fluid is called a pleural effusion.

A peritonsillar abscess forms in the tissues of the throat next to one of the tonsils. An abscess is a collection of pus that forms near an area of infected skin or other soft tissue. The abscess can cause pain, swelling, and, if severe, blockage of the throat. If the throat is blocked, swallowing, speaking, and even breathing become difficult. When an infection of the tonsils (known as tonsillitis) spreads and causes infection in the soft tissues, a peritonsillar abscess may result. Peritonsillar abscesses are generally uncommon. When they do occur they are more likely among young adults, adolescents, and older children.