Hepatitis E is a virus that can infect the liver. Unlike other forms of hepatitis, the hepatitis E virus usually doesn't lead to long-term illness or serious liver damage. Most people get well within a few months.

How do you know if you have pneumonia? They may include: Cough. You will likely cough up mucus (sputum) from your lungs. ... Fever. Fast breathing and feeling short of breath. Shaking and "teeth-chattering" chills. Chest pain that often feels worse when you cough or breathe in. Fast heartbeat. Feeling very tired or very weak. Nausea and vomiting.

How to give Intramuscular (IM) injection

Infant Urine Specimen Collection

What is Venipuncture? While venipuncture can refer to a variety of procedures, including the insertion of IV tubes into a vein for the direct application of medicine to the blood stream, in phlebotomy venipuncture refers primarily to using a needle to create a blood evacuation point. As a phlebotomist, you must be prepared to perform venipuncture procedures on adults, children, and even infants while maintaining a supportive demeanor and procedural accuracy. Using a variety of blood extraction tools, you must be prepared to respond to numerous complications in order to minimize the risk to the patient while still drawing a clean sample. In its entirety, venipuncture includes every step in a blood draw procedure—from patient identification to puncturing the vein to labeling the sample. Patient information, needle placement, and emotional environment all play a part in the collection of a blood sample, and it's the fine details that can mean the difference between a definite result and a false positive. After placing the tourniquet and finding the vein, it's time for the phlebotomist to make the complex choice on what procedure will best suit the specific situation. Keeping this in mind, it should be noted that the following information is not an instructional guide on how to perform these phlebotomy procedures. Rather, the information below is intended to serve as an educational resource to inform you of the equipment and procedures you will use. Venipuncture Technqiues Venipuncture with an Evacuated or Vacuum Tube: This is the standard procedure for venipuncture testing. Using a needle and sheath system, this procedure allows multiple sample tubes to be filled through a single puncture. This procedure is ideal for reducing trauma to patients. After drawing the blood, the phlebotomist must make sure the test stopper is correctly coded and doesn't contact exposed blood between samples. Venipuncture with a Butterfly Needle : This is a specialized procedure that utilizes a flexible, butterfly needle adaptor. A butterfly needle has two plastic wings (one on either side of the needle) and is connected to a flexible tube, which is then attached to a reservoir for the blood. Due to the small gauge of the needle and the flexibility of the tube, this procedure is used most often in pediatric care, where the patients tend to have smaller veins and are more likely to move around during the procedure. After being inserted into a vein at a shallow angle, the butterfly needle is held in place by the wings, which allow the phlebotomist to grasp the needle very close to the skin. Phlebotomists should be careful to watch for blood clots in the flexible tubing. Venipuncture with a Syringe: This technique is typically only used when there is a supply shortage, or when a technician thinks it is the appropriate method. It uses the classic needle, tube, and plunger system, operating in a similar manner to the vacuum tube but requiring multiple punctures for multiple samples. Additionally, after the blood is drawn it must be transferred to the appropriate vacuum tube for testing purposes. If you choose to use this method, remember to check for a sterile seal, and use a safety device when transferring the sample. Fingerstick (or Fingerprick): This procedure uses a medical lance to make a small incision in the upper capillaries of a patient's finger in order to collect a tiny blood sample. It is typically used to test glucose and insulin levels. When performing a Fingerstick, the phlebotomist should remember to lance the third or fourth finger on the non-dominant arm. Never lance the tip or the center of the finger pad; instead, lance perpendicular to the fingerprint lines. Heelstick (or Heelprick): Similar to the Fingerstick procedure, this process is used on infants under six months of age. A medical lance is used to create a small incision on the side of an infant's heel in order to collect small amounts of blood for screening. As with a Fingerstick, the incision should be made perpendicular to the heel lines, and it should be made far enough to the left or right side of the heel to avoid patient agitation. Before performing a Heelstick, the infant's heel should be warmed to about 42 degrees Celsius in order to stimulate capillary blood and gas flow. Therapeutic Phlebotomy: This involves the actual letting of blood in order to relieve chemical and pressure imbalances within the blood stream. Making use of a butterfly needle, this therapy provides a slow removal of up to one pint of blood. Though the blood removed is not used for blood transfusions, the procedure and concerns are the same as with routine blood donation. As with any phlebotomy procedure, one should pay close attention to the patient in order to prevent a blood overdraw. Bleeding Time: A simple diagnostic test that is used to determine abnormalities in blood clotting and platelet production. A shallow laceration is made, followed by sterile swabbing of the wound every 30 seconds until the bleeding stops. Average bleed times range between one and nine minutes. As a phlebotomist, you should familiarize yourself with the application and cross-application of these procedures in order to recognize when a procedure is necessary, and what the risks are for each.

heart dissection / cardiac anatomy

Insulin is a hormone made naturally in the pancreas that helps move sugar into the cells of your body. Your cells use the sugar as fuel to make energy. Without enough insulin, sugar stays in your bloodstream, raising your blood sugar. High blood sugar, or hyperglycemia, can lead to the signs and symptoms of diabetes:

Ellis demonstrates how to perform good hand hygiene with soap and water.

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00:00 What Is Good Hand Hygiene?
00:27 Prepping to wash hands
01:01 Proper hand washing technique
01:53 How to dry hands
02:14 Proper technique to turn off faucet

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All of the nurses at Level Up RN are here to help! Cathy Parkes started helping her fellow classmates back when she was in nursing school, tutoring so they could pass their exams and graduate. After she got her BSN and started working as an RN at Scripps Encinitas Hospital, she started this YouTube channel to help nursing students around the world. Since then she has built a team of top-notch dedicated nurses and nurse educators who are focused on improving nursing education and supporting career advancement for nurses everywhere. With flashcards, videos, courses, organizational tools and more, we are singularly focused on helping students and nurses Level Up on their exams and nursing careers.00:00 Good Hand Hygiene?

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Female Condom Demonstration

Plastic Eyelid Beauty surgery

In neonates, hypocalcemia is more likely to occur in infants born of diabetic or preeclamptic mothers. Hypocalcemia also may occur in infants born to mothers with hyperparathyroidism. Clinically evident hypocalcemia generally presents in milder forms and is usually the result of a chronic disease state. In emergency department patients, chronic or subacute complaints secondary to mild or moderate hypocalcemia are more likely to be a chief complaint than severe symptomatic hypocalcemia. Once laboratory results demonstrate hypocalcemia, the first question is whether the hypocalcemia is true—that is, whether it is representative of a decrease in ionized calcium. The presence of chronic diarrhea or intestinal disease (eg, Crohn disease, sprue, chronic pancreatitis) suggests the possibility of hypocalcemia due to malabsorption of calcium and/or vitamin D. The patient's past medical history should be explored for pancreatitis, anxiety disorders, renal or liver failure, gastrointestinal disorders, and hyperthyroidism or hyperparathyroidism. Previous neck surgery suggests hypoparathyroidism; a history of seizures suggests hypocalcemia secondary to anticonvulsants. The patient may have a recent history of thyroid, parathyroid, or bowel surgeries or recent neck trauma. The length of time that a disorder is present is an important clue. Hypoparathyroidism and pseudohypoparathyroidism are lifelong disorders. Instead, acute transient hypocalcemia may be associated with acute gastrointestinal illness, nutritional deficiency, or acute or chronic renal failure. In an elderly patient, a nutritional deficiency may be associated with a low intake of vitamin D. A history of alcoholism can help diagnose hypocalcemia due to magnesium deficiency, malabsorption, or chronic pancreatitis. Inquire about recent use of drugs associated with hypocalcemia, including the following: Radiocontrast Estrogen Loop diuretics Bisphosphonates Calcium supplements Antibiotics Antiepileptic drugs Cinacalcet Other considerations in the history include the following: Family history of hypocalcemia Low-calcium diet Lack of sun exposure

Chest x-ray, pneumoperitonuem, air under diaphragms

The only sure way to prevent genital warts is to not have sex. But everyone wants sex, so here is how to have safe sex if you are living with Genital Warts.

How to properly apply a tourniquet

ABG How to Analyze

Myelomeningocele remains the most complex congenital malformation of the central nervous system that is compatible with life. This lesion results when the neural tube fails to fold normally during postovulatory Days 21 to 27.[6] The exact cause of disorders remains under some historical debate and is not within the scope of this paper. Myelomeningocele within the context of this discussion refers only to lesions that involve an open caudal neural tube defect on the surface of the skin

Haemorrhoids is one of the most common problems seen in surgical OPD. Open haemorrhoidectomy has remained the gold standard for a long time with a high post-operative morbidity. The quest for a better understanding of the pathology of haemorrhoids resulted in the evolvement of stapler haemorrhoidopexy. Our aim is to study the efficacy of stapler haemorrhoidopexy with regards to role of immediate post-operative morbidity. A prospective study of 50 patients (n = 50) with the second- and third-degree symptomatic haemorrhoids was done. The mean age of the patients was 44.1 years. Fourteen patients had co-morbid conditions. The average duration of the operation was 29 min. Patients with the second-degree haemorrhoids had higher rate of complication. The complication rate was 32%. Three patients had urinary retention. Two patients had minor bleeding, and one patient experienced transient discharge. The mean analgesic requirement was 2.4 tramadol, 50 mg injections. Ten patients had significant post-operative pain. Average length of hospital stay was 2.7 days. There were no symptomatic recurrences till date.

Colonoscopy Showing Moving Parasites

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1. Dialysis Study :EXPERT NOTES for DHA, Bonent, CHT, B.Sc in Dialysis, Diploma in Dialysis, Naseha Helal.
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2. Dialysis Study: Q & A MCQ https://play.google.com/store/....books/details?id=T_3

Whatsapp
https://chat.whatsapp.com/DKCHbgsNwXS1wd7xI31tpr

Telegram
https://t.me/dialysislife PRINCIPLE OF dialysis
https://youtu.be/cfOm0aFmbe8

Dialysis machine alarms
https://youtu.be/-1A1INyDEOg

DDS dialysis disequilibrium syndrome
https://youtu.be/8AqVFiBOkIc

Peritoneal Dialysis
https://youtu.be/iHPPadGmsv0

Itching
https://youtu.be/T83Wm3HHU4M

What is CRRT
https://youtu.be/jPgFnoSEBMU

LVH
https://youtu.be/ZhFL3Z6LHeA

Sorbent dialysis
https://youtu.be/-rie5dC_FkY

RO Water
https://youtu.be/3jlEsK4Lg_I

Carbon filter RO water
https://youtu.be/mJrgtjNafQw

Hemoperfusion
https://youtu.be/UkbBm8rm9Ww

AV fistula or Dialysis fistula
https://youtu.be/uDbyfqCkCbo

Dialysis MCQ
https://youtu.be/zmOj0BL6jVY

AVF cannulation
https://youtu.be/PyqMcHA07zY

Complications of AV fistula
https://youtu.be/a_CXIvuOO_s

Blood clotting during Dialysis
https://youtu.be/9hYNepiO2o8

Muscle crapms
https://youtu.be/09s07Eiqr2k

Hepatitis C
https://youtu.be/qdNj_GhmnSE

Dialysis procedure
https://youtu.be/u1mGqXO5pzQ

Hypotension
https://youtu.be/4EVPmWTSyN8

Heparin free dialysis
https://youtu.be/rFqAn7HcWwM

Plasmapheresis
https://youtu.be/kbgsjjs9krg

Isolated ultrafiltration
https://youtu.be/xp5I5--uWb0

High flux dialyzer
https://youtu.be/gCNsErn1HHM

Urea and Creatinine
https://youtu.be/Id9AIySMQ6c

Practical RO water demo
https://youtu.be/2pXKGMDNS84

Sodium profiling
https://youtu.be/bE_DcBXNB5g

Peritoneal Dialysis
https://youtu.be/vtK6VZsi8AY

Air embolism
https://youtu.be/WJE-xqnQfd8

Dialysate
https://youtu.be/z_nb43bcWsM

How to stop Bleed from fistula
https://youtu.be/N_inLKPhPUc

Dialysis short form
https://youtu.be/3BqB-gODb5o

Dialyzer reprocessing
https://youtu.be/XelfkKsndlc

Dialysis catheter
https://youtu.be/V7y90m4xlv8

How to set KT/V
https://youtu.be/hWXjU8VTQdk

Mircera injection
https://youtu.be/STtd3I3EijA

Dialysis procedure
https://youtu.be/MIdhIgcKRZ8

Dialysis in snake bite poison
https://youtu.be/niA9RI38jyY

Uf profiling
https://youtu.be/wyjpFjD5Hi0

Heparin dose
https://youtu.be/kB56MkzHIQ0

Hyperkalemia
https://youtu.be/1rWWNlcAuio

Change bandages of leaking fistula
https://youtu.be/_0cebWWdjM8

AvF needle
https://youtu.be/GvUxbXxftTk

Polycystic kidney disease
https://youtu.be/IhsMbHFXZG8

Nephrotic syndrome
https://youtu.be/FEEOsIrXxV8

Diabetic nephropathy
https://youtu.be/v-FBIQ7MA4k

Hemodialysis permanent access
https://youtu.be/_YrwxwiR0f8

Sex and dialysis
https://youtu.be/vvl8UT8lK4k

Albumin and dialysis
https://youtu.be/yzG7yD45Nwg