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Hyponatremia: causes, diagnosis and management
Hyponatremia: causes, diagnosis and management samer kareem 1,438 Views • 2 years ago

Hyponatremia is defined as a serum sodium of less than 135 Meq per litre and occurs in upto 22 % of hospitalised patients. The causes of hyponatremia may be understood based on the pre-existing volume status of the patient which may either be hypovolemic, euvolemic or hypervolemic hyponatremia. This presentation discusses in detail, the causes of these underlying conditions. Also mentioned are the clinical features and management options and therapeutic sodium targets in patients with hyponatremia. Drugs such as demeclocycline and vaptans (Tolvaptan, Conivaptan) are also mentioned as management options which may be used on a case to case basis. Finally, the all important targets of sodium correction over 24 hours are also mentioned, along with a practical formula for calculation of sodium deficit which is explained with an example.

Ganglion cyst on wrist removal
Ganglion cyst on wrist removal samer kareem 17,688 Views • 2 years ago

Rubber Band Ligation of Internal Hemorrhoids Using Space Bander
Rubber Band Ligation of Internal Hemorrhoids Using Space Bander Scott 39,229 Views • 2 years ago

Rubber band ligation is a procedure in which the hemorrhoid is tied off at its base with rubber bands, cutting off the blood flow to the hemorrhoid. This treatment is only for internal hemorrhoids. To do this procedure, a doctor inserts a viewing instrument (anoscope) into the anus. The hemorrhoid is grasped with an instrument, and a device places a rubber band around the base of the hemorrhoid. The hemorrhoid then shrinks and dies and, in about a week, falls off. A scar will form in place of the hemorrhoid, holding nearby veins so they don't bulge into the anal canal. The procedure is done in a doctor's office. You will be asked whether the rubber bands feel too tight. If the bands are extremely painful, a medicine may be injected into the banded hemorrhoids to numb them. After the procedure, you may feel pain and have a sensation of fullness in the lower abdomen. Or you may feel as if you need to have a bowel movement. Treatment is limited to 1 to 2 hemorrhoids at a time if done in the doctor's office. Several hemorrhoids may be treated at one time if the person has general anesthesia. Additional areas may be treated at 4- to 6-week intervals.

epilepsy! What To Do?
epilepsy! What To Do? samer kareem 1,633 Views • 2 years ago

Epilepsy is the fourth most common neurological disorder and affects people of all ages Epilepsy means the same thing as "seizure disorders" Epilepsy is characterized by unpredictable seizures and can cause other health problems Epilepsy is a spectrum condition with a wide range of seizure types and control varying from person-to-person Public perception and misunderstanding of epilepsy causes challenges often worse than the seizures

Delivering Breech Baby
Delivering Breech Baby samer kareem 6,630 Views • 2 years ago

Most babies will move into delivery position a few weeks prior to birth, with the head moving closer to the birth canal. When this fails to happen, the baby’s buttocks and/or feet will be positioned to be delivered first. This is referred to as “breech presentation.” Breech births occur in approximately 1 out of 25 full-term births.

Lumber Puncture
Lumber Puncture samer kareem 16,398 Views • 2 years ago

A lumbar puncture (also called a spinal tap) is a procedure to collect and look at the fluid (cerebrospinal fluid, or CSF) surrounding the brain and spinal cord. During a lumbar puncture, a needle is carefully inserted into the spinal canal low in the back (lumbar area). Samples of CSF are collected.

Keratoconus
Keratoconus samer kareem 2,073 Views • 2 years ago

With keratoconus, the clear, dome-shaped tissue that covers the eye (cornea) thins and bulges outward into a cone shape. Its cause is unknown. Symptoms first appear during puberty or the late teens and include blurred vision and sensitivity to light and glare. Vision can be corrected with glasses or contact lenses early on. Advanced cases may require a cornea transplant.

Laparoscopic pediatric Inguinal hernia
Laparoscopic pediatric Inguinal hernia samer kareem 2,343 Views • 2 years ago

Minimally invasive surgery has been shown to be feasible and safe in pediatric patients since 1975 when laparoscopic surgery was first used to treat a small bowel obstruction. Laparoscopy is an option for surgical repair of inguinal hernias in addition to the traditional open approach.

How to open an ampoule
How to open an ampoule Scott 2,393 Views • 2 years ago

How to open a glass ampoule

Erectile Dysfunction Information 3D Animation
Erectile Dysfunction Information 3D Animation Alicia Berger 13,353 Views • 2 years ago

Erectile Dysfunction Information 3D Animation

Gap between Alternative Medicine & Evidence Based Medicine- Lecture by Dr. Mostafa Yakoot, MD (Part
Gap between Alternative Medicine & Evidence Based Medicine- Lecture by Dr. Mostafa Yakoot, MD (Part Mostafa Yakoot 12,028 Views • 2 years ago

This is part 2 Herbal Medicine. Lecture presented to the International Congress of Pediatric Hepatology Sharm 2009. It is one of a series of lectures discussing the Alternative medicine practices with critical appraisal and measure the evidence.

How does Glaucoma Develop
How does Glaucoma Develop Alicia Berger 7,865 Views • 2 years ago

Glaucoma is called the silent thief of sight. It does not have symptoms during the early stages of the diseases and can make a patient blind over several years

Benefits of Breast Feeding
Benefits of Breast Feeding samer kareem 2,809 Views • 2 years ago

Benefits of Breast Feeding

Laser Cystic Acne and Pimples Extraction
Laser Cystic Acne and Pimples Extraction Scott 21,244 Views • 2 years ago

Laser Cystic Acne and Pimples Extraction

breastfeeding tiny infant
breastfeeding tiny infant samer kareem 3,945 Views • 2 years ago

Canada's first hand transplant
Canada's first hand transplant samer kareem 8,032 Views • 2 years ago

Hypomagnesemia - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment,
Hypomagnesemia - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, samer kareem 1,515 Views • 2 years ago

Varicose veins Surgery
Varicose veins Surgery samer kareem 2,197 Views • 2 years ago

How does blood pressure change DURING exercise?
How does blood pressure change DURING exercise? samer kareem 2,314 Views • 2 years ago

Meningitis Tests
Meningitis Tests samer kareem 2,001 Views • 2 years ago

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