This Basic Laparoscopic Surgery: Abdominal Access and Trocar Introduction course will teach you the steps of Laparoscopic Surgery. View the full course for free by signing up on our website: https://www.incision.care/

What is Laparoscopic Surgery:
Laparoscopic surgery describes procedures performed using one or multiple small incisions in the abdominal wall in contrast to the larger, normally singular incision of laparotomy. The technique is based around principles of minimally invasive surgery (or minimal access surgery): a large group of modern surgical procedures carried out by entering the body with the smallest possible damage to tissues. In abdominopelvic surgery, minimally invasive surgery is generally treated as synonymous with laparoscopic surgery as are procedures not technically within the peritoneal cavity, such as totally extraperitoneal hernia repair, or extending beyond the abdomen, such as thoraco-laparoscopic esophagectomy. The term laparoscopy is sometimes used interchangeably, although this is often reserved to describe a visual examination of the peritoneal cavity or the purely scopic component of a laparoscopic procedure. The colloquial keyhole surgery is common in non-medical usage.

Surgical Objective of Laparoscopic Surgery:
The objective of a laparoscopic approach is to minimize surgical trauma when operating on abdominal or pelvic structures. When correctly indicated and performed, this can result in smaller scars, reduced postoperative morbidity, shorter inpatient durations, and a faster return to normal activity. For a number of abdominopelvic procedures, a laparoscopic approach is now generally considered to be the gold-standard treatment option.
Definitions

Developments of Laparoscopic Surgery:
Following a number of smaller-scale applications of minimally invasive techniques to abdominopelvic surgery, laparoscopic surgery became a major part of general surgical practice with the introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the 1980s and the subsequent pioneering of endoscopic camera technology. This led to the widespread adoption of the technique by the early- to mid-1990s. The portfolio of procedures that can be performed laparoscopically has rapidly expanded with improvements in instruments, imaging, techniques and training — forming a central component of modern surgical practice and cross-specialty curricula [2]. Techniques such as laparoscopically assisted surgery and hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery have allowed the application of laparoscopic techniques to a greater variety of pathology. Single-incision laparoscopic surgery, natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery, and minilaparoscopy-assisted natural orifice surgery continue to push forward the applications of minimally invasive abdominopelvic techniques; however, the widespread practice and specific indications for these remain to be fully established. More recently, robotic surgery has been able to build on laparoscopic principles through developments in visualization, ergonomics, and instrumentation.

This Basic Laparoscopic Surgery: Abdominal Access and Trocar Introduction course will teach you:
- How to access the abdomen using an open, closed, and direct optical-entry technique
- Principles underlying safe abdominal insufflation
- The vascular anatomy of the abdominal wall and its implications for trocar placement
- How to introduce trocars into the peritoneal cavity
- The principle of triangulation and how this can be applied to organizing a laparoscopic surgical field

Specific attention is given to these hazards you may encounter:
- Intravascular, intraluminal, or extraperitoneal needle position
- Limitations of a closed introduction technique
- Abdominal surgical history
- Limitations of an open introduction technique
- Optical trocar entry in thin individuals
- Visualization of non-midline structures
- Limitations of direct optical-entry techniques
- Limitations of clinical examination to confirm intraperitoneal insufflation
- Leakage of insufflation gas

These tips are designed to help you improve your understanding and performance:
- Alternative left upper quadrant approach
- Testing Veress needle before use
- Lifting the abdominal wall for Veress needle introduction
- "Hanging-drop test"
- Palmer's test
- Confirming intra-abdominal insufflation
- Subcutaneous tissue retraction
- Anatomy of the umbilicus
- Retraction of abdominal wall fascia
- Finger sweep of anterior abdominal wall
- Lifting the abdominal wall for optical trocar introduction
- Identification of venous bleeding at the end of a procedure
- Identification of inferior epigastric vessels by direct vision
- Peritoneal folds of the anterior abdominal wall
- Transillumination of superficial epigastric vessels
- Infiltration of local anesthetic at port sites
- Aiming of trocars
- Selection of trocar size
- Maintaining direct vision

Roman Nowygrod, MD, a surgeon at NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Medical Center, explains the different surgical approaches to treat Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD).

Both lower extremities must be evaluated to determine the presence or extent of any disease and to ascertain the pulse status of the patient. The feet are examined for signs of peripheral vascular disease and the anterior and posterior tibial pulses are palpated. Because an intact arch can supply retrograde flow to the major vessels of the foot, it can be helpful to put pressure on the anterior tibial artery when detecting the presence of a posterior tibial pulse and visa-versa. This "modified Allen's test" may detect proximal vessel obstruction masked by an intact foot arch. The need for preoperative angiography in young, healthy patients with a normal physical examination has been hotly debated. Our tendency has been to obtain preoperative angiograms as a guide. Although rare, we have seen lower extremities with a dominant peroneal artery nourishing the foot and distal anterior and posterior vessels, contraindicating sacrifice of the peroneal artery. MRI or CT angiography can also be used in many circumstances.

What is hemodialysis and how does it work? Who needs it? How do you prepare for it? In the United States, over 30 million Americans have kidney disease, and sometimes, kidney disease progresses to kidney failure or end-stage renal disease. When this happens, you cannot survive unless you have a kidney transplant or some form of dialysis. So today we're going to talk about hemodialysis.

Your kidneys are the two kidney bean-shaped organs that are located in your lower back, or in your flanks. And the kidneys are responsible for filtering out or cleaning your blood. They get rid of excess waste, excess toxins, and excess fluids. If your kidneys stop functioning, then you develop renal failure or end-stage renal disease.

What is Hemodialysis?
Hemodialysis, or blood dialysis, is the filtering of your blood outside of your body. So, if your kidneys stop working properly, the hemodialysis acts as a substitute kidney. Now it's important to note that hemodialysis does not actually correct your own kidney function. It does not fix or treat your kidneys.

#hemodialysis #drfrita

What is The Dialyzer?
The dialyzer is actually the filter. It's the main powerhouse of the hemodialysis system, and it is what actually acts as the substitute kidney. In the dialyzer, you have these hollow fibers that run through it, and these fibers are bathed in something called dialysates, or dialysis fluid.

How Often Are Patients Treated With Hemodialysis?
Most patients who are on hemodialysis are on it between three and six hours, about three days a week, especially if they go to a center.

How Does Hemodialysis Work?
So when you are on dialysis, how does your blood get from your body to the hemodialysis machine and then back to your body? Well, it does so through tubes, and those tubes are connected to your access, and we'll talk about access in just a moment. But as far as the tubing, the tubing is connected to your body.

Types Of Hemodialysis Access
Arteriovenous Fistula or AV Fistula
The AV fistula is the gold standard as far as hemodialysis access is concerned because it gives you the most efficient hemodialysis and it is the least likely to be infected.

Arteriovenous Graft or AV Graft
The AV graft is very similar to the AV fistula in that you still have a surgically connected artery and a vein, usually in the arm, but in the case where if you have veins that are rather thin or arteries that are thin and maybe too weak in order to really give you a properly functioning, substantial AV fistula, then the vascular surgeon may opt to add an artificial material in order to make that shunt a little stronger, or little more durable. And so, an AV graft is another option for dialysis access.

Catheter
If you're in a situation where you need temporary dialysis, or if you have acute kidney injury, then you may have a temporary Vascath placed, and it's usually placed in a vein of the neck, the internal jugular vein, or it can be placed in the groin, or in the femoral vein.

Who Needs Hemodialysis Treatment?
How do you know if you need hemodialysis, and when is it time to prepare? Well, if you follow up with your kidney doctor (nephrologist) regularly, he or she will be watching your labs. They'll be able to see those signs of your kidneys not functioning properly.

Dental Braces and Jaw Reconstruction

First aid steps to help stop or shorten a seizure or prevent an emergency situation. This may involve giving a rescue treatment (often called "as needed" medicine or treatment) that has been recommended by your health care team. The rescue treatments described here can be given by non-medical people who are not in a hospital setting. They are intended for use by anyone (the person with seizures, family member or other observer) who has been trained in their use. These therapies can be given anywhere in the community

The spleen is an organ in the upper far left part of the abdomen, to the left of the stomach. The spleen varies in size and shape between people, but it’s commonly fist-shaped, purple, and about 4 inches long. Because the spleen is protected by the rib cage, you can’t easily feel it unless it’s abnormally enlarged. The spleen plays multiple supporting roles in the body. It acts as a filter for blood as part of the immune system. Old red blood cells are recycled in the spleen, and platelets and white blood cells are stored there. The spleen also helps fight certain kinds of bacteria that cause pneumonia and meningitis.

Follow along on a typical day with UCSF Medical Center's chief of cardiothoracic surgery Dr. Tom Nguyen. Take a walk on rounds with his team as they check on patients who are recovering or preparing for heart valve surgeries to treat conditions such as mitral valve prolapse and mitral regurgitation. Get a glimpse into the operating room as Dr. Nguyen and his team use the latest non-invasive techniques to help patients achieve the best outcomes.

0:00 Surgeon begins day with morning report
0:53 Meet with fellows and visit patients
1:28 Surgeon thoughts on his practice
Minimally Invasive Surgeries
2:09 Mitral valve replacement for mitral stenosis
3:11 Mitral valve repair for AFib and mitral regurgitation
3:36 Stopping the heart
4:15 Culture 1 - Everyone's voice matters
4:45 Mitral valve repair for heart murmur
5:12 Culture 2 - Patient first

To view more UCSF videos relating to Mitral Regurgitation Treatment and Aortic Stenosis Treatment view:
Mitral Regurgitation Treatment Options https://youtu.be/7nUUOMx4tJ0
Aortic Stenosis Treatment Options https://youtu.be/A2rZK0oFWcc

If you want to learn more about the Cardiac Surgery clinic and to request an appointment visit: https://www.ucsfhealth.org/cli....nics/cardiac-surgery



#dayinthelife #heartsurgeon #heartsurgery #CardiacSurgery #Cardiology #ucsf #drnguyen#ucsfhealth #Cardiothoracic

A successful cardiovascular exam includes visual examination, palpation of the apical impulse, auscultation of Erb's point, auscultation of the carotids, and auscultation over the four different heart valve locations (aortic, pulmonic, tricuspid, and mitral). Additionally, the radial pulse is palpated while auscultating to distinguish whether a murmur is diastolic or systolic.

Video Index:
0:13 - Inspection of the thorax
0:29 - Palpation of the apex heart beat
0:59 - Auscultation of the heart
1:16 - Auscultation of the Erb’s point
1:33 - Using Erb’s point to check the heart rate
1:45 - Systolic and diastolic heart sound identification
2:01 - Ascultating individual valves: aortic, pulmonary, tricuspid, mitral
2:41 - Ascultation of the carotids
2:54 - Ascultating the pulmonary and aortic valves
3:04 - Ascultation of the mitral valve
3:16 - Mitral valve murmurs

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Central venous catheter. Diagram showing a tunneled central line inserted into the right subclavian vein. A central venous catheter (CVC), also known as a central line, central venous line, or central venous access catheter, is a catheter placed into a large vein.

ABGs Made Easy | Arterial Blood Gas | Acid Base Balance: Everything You Need To Know!

Watch that video to know How to Get Rid of Yellow Teeth Fast and Easy

Breech Baby Position Exercise

Watch that Disgusting Skin Jiggers Removing

Watch that Knife Fully Stabbed Inside Chest Removal Surgery

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Watch that video of a Snake bite causes girl’s leg to rot away

Methotrexate works by reducing the function of the cells that are causing inflammation in the joint tissues. "Its use can reduce inflammation and therefore should help relieve pain and protect from joint damage," notes Sean A. Whelton, MD, a rheumatologist and associate professor of medicine at MedStar Georgetown University Hospital in Washington, D.C. Less inflammation in the joints should mean less joint pain and less joint swelling. You should also feel less fatigue and less morning stiffness.

Has your dentist or endodontist told you that you need root canal treatment? If so, you're not alone. Millions of teeth are treated and saved each year with root canal, or endodontic, treatment. Remember, root canal treatment doesn't cause pain, it relieves it. Watch our videos below to learn more! Inside the tooth, under the white enamel and a hard layer called the dentin, is a soft tissue called the pulp. The pulp contains blood vessels, nerves and connective tissue, and helps to grow the root of your tooth during development. In a fully developed tooth, the tooth can survive without the pulp because the tooth continues to be nourished by the tissues surrounding it.