Human immunodeficiency virus infection / acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a disease of the human immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).[1] During the initial infection a person may experience a brief period of influenza-like illness. This is typically followed by a prolonged period without symptoms. As the illness progresses it interferes more and more with the immune system, making people much more likely to get infections, including opportunistic infections, and tumors that do not usually affect people with working immune systems.
HIV is transmitted primarily via unprotected sexual intercourse (including anal and even oral sex), contaminated blood transfusions and hypodermic needles, and from mother to child during pregnancy, delivery, or breastfeeding.[2] Some bodily fluids, such as saliva and tears, do not transmit HIV.[3] Prevention of HIV infection, primarily through safe sex and needle-exchange programs, is a key strategy to control the spread of the disease. There is no cure or vaccine; however, antiretroviral treatment can slow the course of the disease and may lead to a near-normal life expectancy. While antiretroviral treatment reduces the risk of death and complications from the disease, these medications are expensive and may be associated with side effects.
Genetic research indicates that HIV originated in West-central Africa during the early twentieth century.[4] AIDS was first recognized by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 1981 and its cause—HIV infection—was identified in the early part of the decade.[5] Since its discovery, AIDS has caused nearly 30 million deaths (as of 2009).[6] As of 2010, approximately 34 million people have contracted HIV globally.[7] AIDS is considered a pandemic—a disease outbreak which is present over a large area and is actively spreading.[8]
HIV/AIDS has had a great impact on society, both as an illness and as a source of discrimination. The disease also has significant economic impacts. There are many misconceptions about HIV/AIDS such as the belief that it can be transmitted by casual non-sexual contact. The disease has also become subject to many controversies involving religion.

How to diagnose digital ulceration in out patient clinic.

Watch that Knife Fully Stabbed Inside Chest Removal Surgery

Dermatologist in New Orleans, Dr. Lupo, talks in a television interviews about Dermatology.

Motivation for Medical Students!

Learn more about certified electronic health record and comprehensive hospital information system (HIS), Paragon®, from McKesson. Working with Paragon can help you achieve Stage 1 meaningful use and other important guidelines.

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Uterine artery ligation during a C-Section

PARAPHARYNGEAL SPACE TUMORS: SURGICAL APPROACH

Giant cell tumors of the tendon sheath are common lesions and are the second most frequent tumors in the hand, after synovial cysts. They are diagnosed by means of clinical examination and complementary examinations (simple radiography and magnetic resonance). Erosion and invasion of the phalangeal bone affected may be seen on radiological examination. Magnetic resonance may show a “fluorescent or radiant effect” may be observed, caused by the high quantity of hemosiderin inside the tumor. Surgical treatment is the commonest practice, and complete excision is important for avoiding recurrence of the tumor, especially when bone invasion is observed on imaging examinations, which is generally related to greater tumor recurrence. In this paper, a case of a giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath in the middle phalanx of the third finger of a 45-year-old female patient is presented. This was successfully treated by means of surgery using a double access approach (dorsal and volar)

Bartter syndrome is a rare inherited defect in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle. It is characterized by low potassium levels (hypokalemia), increased blood pH (alkalosis), and normal to low blood pressure. There are two types of Bartter syndrome: neonatal and classic

Video demonstrating Breast Conservation Surgery with Type 1 Oncoplasty for an Early Breast Cancer.

These are a few common types of benign bone tumors: Osteochondroma is the most common benign bone tumor. ... Giant cell tumor is a benign tumor, typically affecting the leg (malignant types of this tumor are uncommon). Osteoid osteoma is a bone tumor, often occurring in long bones, that occurs commonly in the early 20s.

Nose Plastic Surgery: Open Rhinoplasty

La palmitoiletanolamide (PeaVera, PeaPure, Palmidrol, Achille e altri PEA prodotti rappresenta una rivoluzione nel trattamento del dolore. Si tratta di un efficace analgesico naturale, senza effetti collaterali. La sua azione è stata documentata in molte centinaia di articoli scientifici. Il suo meccanismo è stato scoperto dalla professoressa Rita Levi Montalcini, premio Nobel per la medicina.

Qui è disponibile una breve introduzione su questa sostanza particolare. (Qui Informazioni per i medici) PEA è disponibile in Italia dal 2007 ed è stata classificata dal Ministero della Salute italiano come alimento dietetico per fini medici speciali.

Nystagmus is a condition of involuntary (or voluntary, in rare cases) eye movement, acquired in infancy or later in life, that may result in reduced or limited vision. Due to the involuntary movement of the eye, it has been called "dancing eyes"

Here's how female-to-male gender reassignment surgery works.

Mini-invasive surgical repair of a ruptured Achilles tendon

Watch that video to know How Does Circumcision Affect Your Sexual Functions ?

Dr. Arthur Handal explains the differences patients can expect when their surgeon chooses to use either a needle or a cannula to inject facial fillers.