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Performed by Kami Parsa M.D. Patient is a 55 year old with a history of previous upper eyelid blepharoplasty with excessive skin removed from both upper eyelids which resulted in bilateral lagophthalmos. Patient could not close her eyes and had problems with severe dry eyes.
Wernicke's aphasia is a neurological disorder typically caused by stroke. It affects the Wernicke's region in the brain's left hemisphere which is reasoned to be responsible for processing of meaning, especially as it relates to verbal communication, hence the problems with speech witnessed in these patients
Hirsutism is stiff and pigmented body hair, appearing on the body where women don't commonly have hair — primarily the face, chest and back. When excessively high androgen levels cause hirsutism, other signs may develop over time, a process called virilization. Signs of virilization may include: Deepening voice Balding Acne Decrease in breast size Enlargement of the clitoris
An estimated 12,500 spinal cord injuries occur in the U.S. every year, leaving the injured people, their friends, and their family, to cope with the aftermath of the catastrophe. For many, navigating the challenges of the health care system can feel a bit like going to medical school. Suddenly you're learning a veritable cornucopia of new terms, and may be spending endless hours Googling spinal cord anatomy to fill in the gaps in your knowledge. An educated patient is better equipped to advocate for his or her needs and interests. An education in spinal cord anatomy helps you understand what your doctor is saying, ask intelligent questions, and detect medical errors before they endanger your health.
Pericardial window is used diagnostically and, more often, therapeutically for drainage of accumulated pericardial fluid (a condition that most often occurs after cardiac surgery but has many other possible causes). The pericardium envelops the heart like a cocoon; its cardiac filling can be impaired when this cavity fills with excess fluid. When the limited space between the noncompliant pericardium and heart is acutely filled with blood or fluid, cardiac compression and tamponade may result. Pericardial window in combination with systemic chemotherapy may also prevent accumulation of large fluid volumes in patients with neoplastic pericardial disease. [1, 2] Indications The following are indications for a pericardial window [6] : Symptomatic pericardial effusions Asymptomatic pericardial effusions that warrant a pericardial window for diagnosis Hemodynamically stable patients with an undiagnosed pericardial effusion (a thoracoscopic approach is ideal) Coexisting pericardial, pleural, or pulmonary pathology that requires diagnosis or therapy (a thoracoscopic approach is ideal) Known benign effusions that reaccumulate after aspiration Drainage of a purulent pericardial effusion Early fungal or tuberculous pericarditis in which resection of the pericardium is required to prevent future pericardial constriction Use as part of the mediastinal debridement, in patients with descending mediastinitis
Skin Cysts Cysts are noncancerous, closed pockets of tissue that can be filled with fluid, pus, or other material. Cysts are common on the skin and can appear anywhere. They feel like large peas under the surface of the skin. Cysts can develop as a result of infection, clogging of sebaceous glands (oil glands), or around foreign bodies, such as earrings.
This Video COPD, or chronic obstructive pulmonary (PULL-mun-ary) disease, is a progressive disease that makes it hard to breathe. "Progressive" means the disease gets worse over time. COPD can cause coughing that produces large amounts of mucus (a slimy substance), wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and other symptoms. Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of COPD. Most people who have COPD smoke or used to smoke. Long-term exposure to other lung irritants—such as air pollution, chemical fumes, or dust—also may contribute to COPD.
The shoulder and arm receives its nerve supply through the brachial plexus. The brachial plexus is a complex network of nerves which come out of the neck, passes down to the front of the shoulder and then splits into many separate nerves to travel to different muscles and parts of the skin. Normally an arm movement is produced by initially thinking of the movement, then a message passes from the brain, down through the spinal cord to the appropriate nerve. Then the instruction to move is conveyed along the nerve to the specific arm muscle which then contracts and moves the arm.
Shoulder dystocia is a rare emergency that can happen during the end of the second stage of labour. It's all to do with how your baby moves down through your vagina and out into the world. Shoulder dystocia happens when your baby's head has been born, but one of her shoulders becomes stuck.
The spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular bundle of nervous tissue and support cells that extends from the medulla oblongata in the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. The brain and spinal cord together make up the central nervous system (CNS).
Prostate biopsy is a procedure in which small hollow needle-core samples are removed from a man's prostate gland to be examined microscopically for the presence of cancer. It is typically performed when the result from a PSA blood test rises to a level that is associated with the possible presence of prostate cancer.
Chronic pancreatitis is a long-standing inflammation of the pancreas that alters the organ's normal structure and functions. It can present as episodes of acute inflammation in a previously injured pancreas, or as chronic damage with persistent pain or malabsorption.
Today, the most common approach for open-heart surgery is a sternotomy, which requires a 12-14-inch incision through the breastbone. But in the hands of experienced minimally invasive surgeons, many cardiac procedures can be performed through smaller 2- to 3-inch incisions between the ribs without the need to cut through the breastbone. Learn more in this medical animation from Sarasota Memorial's Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery Team and medical director Jonathan Hoffberger, DO. For information or referrals, visit smhheart.com.
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ), located just in front of the lower part of the ear, allows the lower jaw to move. The TMJ is a ball-and-socket joint, just like the hip or shoulder. When the mouth opens wide, the ball (called the condyle) comes out of the socket and moves forward, going back into place when the mouth closes. TMJ becomes dislocated when the condyle moves too far and gets stuck in front of a bony prominence called the articular eminence. The condyle can't move back into place. This happens most often when the ligaments that normally keep the condyle in place are somewhat loose, allowing the condyle to move beyond the articular eminence. The surrounding muscles often go into spasm and hold the condyle in the dislocated position.