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Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) affect millions of people each year. The most common STDs are gonorrhea, chlamydia and trichomoniasis. While even thinking about STDs and whether you may have one is scary, knowing the facts can make a big difference in your long-term health. Here is what you need to know:
People who are sexually active with multiple partners and are not using barrier protection are at most risk. Teenagers are a large part of this group, because they dont always practice safe sex and they are more likely to have multiple partners. It is recommended that women who are sexually active with multiple partners get screened yearly or immediately after they have engaged in unprotected sex. If you discover that you have an STD, both you and your partner would most likely be treated with antibiotics.
Gonorrhea
Approximately 350,000 cases of gonorrhea were reported to the CDC in 2006, but because not everyone is getting tested for STDs, experts believe the actual numbers are twice that.
The symptoms for gonorrhea are burning with urination, abnormal discharge or pelvic pain. Pelvic pain indicates a very severe infection. Untreated gonorrhea can lead to a serious infection as the disease may spread to a womans fallopian tubes and cause infertility.
Chlamydia
There were 1,000,000 cases of chlamydia reported to the CDC in 2006; experts think the actual rate of infection is as high as 2,000,000 cases.
Chlamydia is often called the silent disease because many people with chlamydia have no symptoms. Chlamydia can affect the urethra, the vagina, the cervix and the fallopian tubes. Symptoms include burring with urination, abnormal discharge and pelvic pain. If you are experiencing any of these systems you should see your doctor to determine if you have chlamydia. Women with chlamydia who arent treated are likely to develop pelvic inflammatory disease. Pelvic inflammatory disease occurs when the infection spreads and causes scarring to the uterus and fallopian tubes. Untreated chlamydia can result in infertility.
Trichomoniasis
Trichomoniasis is the most common STD. About 7 million women and men have trichomoniasis. Women who have trichomoniasis will often experience a frothy yellow or green discharge coming from their vagina. But some people wont have any symptoms.
Understanding STDs, what causes them, and how to treat them will help you stay in control of your health.
Squats are one of the essential exercises to do during pregnancy there are so many benefits from doing this functional type of exercise. Strengthening your glute muscles, that's your butt, helps to decrease lower back and pelvic pain.
Lipomas are slow-growing soft tissue tumours that rarely reach a size larger than 2 cm. Lesions larger than 5 cm, so-called giant lipomas, can occur anywhere in the body but are seldom found in the upper extremities. The authors present their experiences with eight patients having giant lipomas of the upper extremity. In addition, a review of the literature, and a discussion of the appropriate evaluation and management are included.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) involves an immune-mediated process in which an abnormal response of the body’s immune system is directed against the central nervous system (CNS). The CNS is made up of the brain, spinal cord and optic nerves.
Phencyclidine (PCP) was developed in the 1950s as an intravenous anesthetic but, due to the side effects of confusion and delirium, its development for human medical use was discontinued. In its pure form, it is a white crystalline powder that readily dissolves in water or alcohol and has a distinctive bitter chemical taste. On the illicit drug market, Phencyclidine contains a number of contaminants as a result of makeshift manufacturing, causing the color to range from tan to brown, and the consistency to range from powder to a gummy mass. It is available in a variety of tablets, capsules, and colored powders, which are either taken orally or snorted. The liquid form of phencyclidine is actually phencyclidine base dissolved most often in ether, a highly flammable solvent. For smoking, phencyclidine is typically sprayed onto leafy material such as mint, parsley, oregano, or marijuana.
As you can see I access the left implant from the periareolar incisions which I made at the lower portion of the areola. As I entered the capsule and begin to remove the implant I noticed a lot of fluid surrounding the implant. Right away I know this is a rupture and that the mammogram was incorrect. Mammograms are very helpful in detecting cancer but often not ruptures. When implants rupture, it is important to have them replaced as soon as possible to avoid excessive scarring in the breasts. If too much scar tissue has accumulated around the deflated implant, it becomes difficult to create a normal breast shape in the future. Therefor know the signs of a ruptured implant such as, painful to touch, visible asymmetry or loss of integrity to the bag. For more information please visit: www.drlinder.com
Dr. Linder is removing a patients breast implants after having five breast augmentations from three previous surgeons. She has baker 4 capsular contracture and is look forward to having them removed. The most common reasons for removing a breast implant include; heath reasons such as back pain, reoccurring complications and the desire for a different shape or size. For implant removal surgery, Dr. Linder makes an inframammary incision (along the breast crease). The implant can be removed intact, or it may need to be punctured before removal. An antibiotic solution is used to irrigate the breast pocket after implant removal. For more information about breast implant removal go to www.implantremoval.net or call Dr. Linder's office at 310-275-4513
Shoulder Clinical Examination - Medical School Clinical Skills - Dr Gill
Personally, I find the shoulder examination the most complex examination possibly as there are so many variations and special tests. Some of which overlap and some will relate specifically to a patients presentation.
Often in a medical school syllabus, only select special tests will be used. In this shoulder exam demonstration, we include the Hawkins-Kennedy Test looking for impingement. This is dovetailed with examination for bicipital tendonitis as this is another possible cause of impingement type symptoms.
This shoulder upper limb exam follows the standard "Look, Feel, Move" orthopaedic exam approach, and overall order as set out in MacLeods Clinical Examination
Watch further orthopaedic examinations for your OSCE revision:
The Spine Examination:
https://youtu.be/pJxMHa6SCgU
Knee Examination
https://youtu.be/oyKH4EYfJDM
Hip Joint Clinical Examination
https://youtu.be/JC9GKq5nSdQ
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Please note that there is no ABSOLUTE way to perform a clinical examination. Different institutions and even clinicians will have differing degrees of variations - the aim is the effectively identify medically relevant signs.
However during OSCE assessments. Different medical schools, nursing colleges, and other health professional courses will have their own preferred approach to a clinical assessment - you should concentrate on THEIR marks schemes for your assessments.
The examination demonstrated here is derived from Macleods Clinical Examination - a recognized standard textbook for clinical skills.
#ShoulderExamination #ClinicalSkills #DrGill