A bulla is a fluid-filled sac or lesion that appears when fluid is trapped under a thin layer of your skin. It’s a type of blister. Bullae (pronounced as “bully”) is the plural word for bulla. To be classified as a bulla, the blister must be larger than 0.5 centimeters (5 millimeters) in diameter. Smaller blisters are called vesicles.

UPDATE 1/30/15: Watch the updated version of this animation: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LVP6JngpgEE

This 3D medical animation shows how adhesions in the abdomen may cause complications. These problems may include obstruction, twisting, and dislocating areas of the small intestine. Adhesions can be separated with laparoscopic instruments.

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Thailand is the global leader for sex change operations.

Coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) is a procedure used to treat coronary artery disease. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the narrowing of the coronary arteries – the blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle. CAD is caused by a build-up of fatty material within the walls of the arteries. This build-up narrows the inside of the arteries, limiting the supply of oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. One way to treat the blocked or narrowed arteries is to bypass the blocked portion of the coronary artery with a piece of a healthy blood vessel from elsewhere in the body. Blood vessels, or grafts, used for the bypass procedure may be pieces of a vein from the legs or an artery in the chest. An artery from the wrist may also be used. One end of the graft is attached above the blockage and the other end is attached below the blockage. Blood is routed around, or bypasses, the blockage by going through the new graft to reach the heart muscle. This is called coronary artery bypass surgery. Traditionally, to bypass the blocked coronary artery, a large incision is made in the chest and the heart is temporarily stopped so that the surgeon can perform the delicate procedure. To open the chest, the breastbone (sternum) is cut in half and spread apart. Once the heart is exposed, tubes are inserted into the heart so that the blood can be pumped through the body by a cardiopulmonary bypass machine (heart-lung machine). The bypass machine is necessary to pump blood while the heart is stopped and kept still in order for the surgeon to perform the bypass operation. While the traditional "open heart" procedure is still commonly done and often preferred in many situations, less invasive techniques have been developed to bypass blocked coronary arteries. "Off-pump" procedures, in which the heart does not have to be stopped, were developed in the 1990's. Other minimally invasive procedures, such as keyhole surgery (performed through very small incisions) and robotic procedures (performed with the aid of a moving mechanical device), may be used.

This case study video from www.5thavesurgery.com shows a 19 year old patient getting breast reduction surgery in NYC. This surgery made a tremendous difference in the life of this young woman, see how it can do the same for you.

Neck Examination - Cervical Spine Assessment - Clinical Skills - Dr Gill

Compose a new pain within athletes is cervical spine discomfort, thankfully in the vast majority of cases when the neck is examined the cause of the neck pain is found to be muscular.

However, pain can also refer from the neck to the arm, in which case it is important to be able to assess for cervical radiculopathy prior to gaining more information which may indicate an MRI is needed

We assess for radiculopathy by doing Spurling's test, an often overlooked part of the neck examination, but it should be included for completeness and reassurance of the patient - not forgetting the athlete or not, neck pain can be a considerable source of distress, so it's vital to be able to get information from the neck examination which allows you to safely reassure a patient when appropriate, or comment that neck exam found evidence that needs further investigation

#DRGill #neck #asmr

A very interesting video showing how white blood cells (Neutrophil) are chasing bacteria (Diplococci). It also shows how the white blood cell engulf the bacteria. This is a real video.

The pituitary gland is often portrayed as the "master gland" of the body. Such praise is justified in the sense that the anterior and posterior pituitary secrete a battery of hormones that collectively influence all cells and affect virtually all physiologic processes. The pituitary gland may be king, but the power behind the throne is clearly the hypothalamus. As alluded to in the last section, some of the neurons within the hypothalamus - neurosecretory neurons - secrete hormones that strictly control secretion of hormones from the anterior pituitary. The hypothalamic hormones are referred to as releasing hormones and inhibiting hormones, reflecting their influence on anterior pituitary hormones.

Flexor Digitorum Profundus (FDP) Finger Tendon Repair

Panic attacks involve sudden feelings of terror that strike without warning. These episodes can occur at any time, even during sleep. People experiencing a panic attack may believe they are having a heart attack or they are dying or going crazy. The fear and terror that a person experiences during a panic attack are not in proportion to the true situation and may be unrelated to what is happening around them. Most people with panic attacks experience several of the following symptoms:

Treatment of Penis Deep Dorsal Venous Leakage of Erectile Dysfunction by Embedding the Deep Dorsal Vein

Ergometrine Childbirth Medication

The kid swallowed a coin. Just watch how professionally a doctor extracts it, while another hospital might even perform a surgery and empty the parent's...

ENT Physical Examination Lecture

External cephalic version is a process by which a breech baby can sometimes be turned from buttocks or foot first to head first. External cephalic version (ECV) is a manual procedure that is advocated by national guidelines for breech presentation singleton pregnancy, in order to enable vaginal delivery.

demonstrates how the Epley maneuver is performed to treat POSTERIOR canal BPPV affecting the right ear. Animation showing what is going on within the inner ear is also shown in the 2nd half of the video.

Nerve damage can start as numbness or tingling and progress to an intense feeling of burning or stabbing. What to know about treatment options:

After trauma, surgery or illness, the face can be affected both in appearance and in function. Our physicians have the experience and expertise to reconstruct facial structures for a return to full functionality and comfort with one’s outside appearance. Our facial plastic surgeons are board certified in both otolaryngology and facial plastic surgery. This dual training makes their expertise absolutely critical for rebuilding major structures in the face and reshaping them for a return to one’s original appearance.

Ellie was born with a rare condition which stopped her jawbones from growing properly. At first, her parents didn't realize there was a problem, apart from the fact that her teeth were not aligned. But when she went to have braces fitted to straighten her teeth when she was 14, orthodontist Joy Hickman realized her jaw had not grown since she was eight. Over the next six years Hickman worked with a maxillofacial surgeon to transform Ellie's looks. Ellie, who is now 20, said the surgery was painful but paid almost immediate dividends. "About six months after it was my year 11 prom and it looked good." Ellie told the Daily Post the change in her appearance has been matched by an increase in confidence.