460-pound Zach lost over 300 pounds, but the extreme weight loss left him with a lot of excess skin.

Ellie was born with a rare condition which stopped her jawbones from growing properly. At first, her parents didn't realize there was a problem, apart from the fact that her teeth were not aligned. But when she went to have braces fitted to straighten her teeth when she was 14, orthodontist Joy Hickman realized her jaw had not grown since she was eight. Over the next six years Hickman worked with a maxillofacial surgeon to transform Ellie's looks. Ellie, who is now 20, said the surgery was painful but paid almost immediate dividends. "About six months after it was my year 11 prom and it looked good." Ellie told the Daily Post the change in her appearance has been matched by an increase in confidence.

This video contains some graphic images of an ingrown toenail procedure. Ingrown toenails are a common and painful issue that many people experience. If you're suffering from chronic ingrown toenails that make it difficult to do the things you love

The testicles are located inside a loose bag of skin (scrotum) underneath the penis. Symptoms include a lump in either testicle and a feeling of heaviness in the scrotum. Treatments include surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy.

Lupus is an autoimmune disease that can affect almost any part of your body, most often your joints, skin, kidneys, heart, lungs, blood, or brain. Your two kidneys are part of your renal system, which also includes two ureters, the bladder, and the urethra. As the primary organs of the renal system, your kidneys are responsible for: Maintaining the correct amount and type of body fluids Removing waste products and toxic substances Regulating the hormones (chemical messengers) that help control blood pressure and blood volume

Functional endoscopic sinus surgery is a minimally invasive surgical treatment which uses nasal endoscopes to enlarge the nasal drainage pathways of the paranasal sinuses to improve sinus ventilation.

Although individual surgeons and centers employ different methods to insert a left ventricular assist device (LVAD), the fundamental concepts remain true for all. That is, most devices use the apex of the left ventricle (LV) as the inflow site to the pump, which subsequently gives off an outflow graft to the aorta, thus bypassing the ailing LV. Currently available devices do not differ significantly with regard to general implantation technique. The sequence of implantation can vary also from patient to patient, depending on the particular situation. In some cases, concomitant procedures may be performed in conjunction with LVAD implantation without adversely affecting outcome.

A ventricular assist device (VAD) — also known as a mechanical circulatory support device — is an implantable mechanical pump that helps pump blood from the lower chambers of your heart (the ventricles) to the rest of your body. A VAD is used in people who have weakened hearts or heart failure. Although a VAD can be placed in the left, right or both ventricles of your heart, it is most frequently used in the left ventricle. When placed in the left ventricle it is called a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). You may have a VAD implanted while you wait for a heart transplant or for your heart to become strong enough to effectively pump blood on its own. Your doctor may also recommend having a VAD implanted as a long-term treatment if you have heart failure and you're not a good candidate for a heart transplant.

An estimated 12,500 spinal cord injuries occur in the U.S. every year, leaving the injured people, their friends, and their family, to cope with the aftermath of the catastrophe. For many, navigating the challenges of the health care system can feel a bit like going to medical school. Suddenly you're learning a veritable cornucopia of new terms, and may be spending endless hours Googling spinal cord anatomy to fill in the gaps in your knowledge. An educated patient is better equipped to advocate for his or her needs and interests. An education in spinal cord anatomy helps you understand what your doctor is saying, ask intelligent questions, and detect medical errors before they endanger your health.

The jaw thrust is a method of opening the airway of a patient. The airway is very important in first aid! It consists of the structures in the back of the throat and upper neck. A patient who is unconscious is not able to maintain their own airway as it can become blocked by the tongue (see picture). Normally, first aid courses teach the head tilt – chin lift technique to open an airway. However, this airway manoeuvre involves significant movement of the patient’s neck. Therefore if there is any suspicion of a spinal (neck) injury it may cause further damage.

A spinal cord injury is not the sort of thing you have to wonder about having. If you've suffered a spinal cord injury, your life is in danger, and you'll know you're injured. You can't use symptoms to diagnose the sort of spinal cord injury you have, and every patient's prognosis is different. Some make a miraculous recovery within months; others need years of physical therapy and still make little to no progress.

Cognitive impairment is seen in over half of people with multiple sclerosis. In this video I review factors that can contribute to multiple sclerosis brain fog, ways to assess cognition, and tips to improve thinking and memory.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) involves an immune-mediated process in which an abnormal response of the body’s immune system is directed against the central nervous system (CNS). The CNS is made up of the brain, spinal cord and optic nerves. Within the CNS, the immune system causes inflammation that damages myelin — the fatty substance that surrounds and insulates the nerve fibers — as well as the nerve fibers themselves, and the specialized cells that make myelin. When myelin or nerve fibers are damaged or destroyed in MS, messages within the CNS are altered or stopped completely. Damage to areas of the CNS may produce a variety of neurological symptoms that will vary among people with MS in type and severity The damaged areas develop scar tissue which gives the disease its name – multiple areas of scarring or multiple sclerosis. The cause of MS is not known, but it is believed to involve genetic susceptibility, abnormalities in the immune system and environmental factors that combine to trigger the disease. People with MS typically experience one of four disease courses. There are over a dozen treatments to help modify the MS disease process.

In multiple sclerosis, the immune system attacks the protective sheath called myelin, that covers nerve fibers and causes communication problems between your brain and the rest of your body. Eventually, the disease can cause the nerves to deteriorate or become damaged.

This anatomical implant was originally placed in 1997. Due to the dark yellow color inside the implant it is clear the implant has been ruptured for quite some time. When implants rupture, it is important to have them replaced as soon as possible to avoid excessive scarring in the breasts. If too much scar tissue has accumulated around the deflated implant, it becomes difficult to create a normal breast shape in the future. Therefor its important to know the signs of a ruptured implant such as, painful to touch, visible asymmetry or loss of integrity to the bag. Dr. Stuart Linder 9675 Brighton Way Suite 420 Beverly Hills, CA 90210

Dr. Linder is removing a patients breast implants after having five breast augmentations from three previous surgeons. She has baker 4 capsular contracture and is look forward to having them removed. The most common reasons for removing a breast implant include; heath reasons such as back pain, reoccurring complications and the desire for a different shape or size. For implant removal surgery, Dr. Linder makes an inframammary incision (along the breast crease). The implant can be removed intact, or it may need to be punctured before removal. An antibiotic solution is used to irrigate the breast pocket after implant removal. For more information about breast implant removal go to www.implantremoval.net or call Dr. Linder's office at 310-275-4513

Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is obstruction of blood flow through the superior vena cava (SVC). It is a medical emergency and most often manifests in patients with a malignant disease process within the thorax. A patient with SVCS requires immediate diagnostic evaluation and therapy.

Presence of abdominal pain and distension. Presence of urinary symptoms - Such as dysuria, oliguria, flank pain, and hematuria. Occurrence of any symptoms of hypocalcemia - Such as anorexia, vomiting, cramps, seizures, spasms, altered mental status, and tetany. Symptoms of hyperkalemia - Such as weakness and paralysis.