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LASIK, or "laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis," is the most commonly performed laser eye surgery to treat myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism. The goal of the treatment is to reshape the cornea to correct the refractive error of the eye.
The cornea is the transparent dome-shaped structure in front of the eye. The cornea refracts light and accounts for about two-thirds of the eye's total optical power. Altering the curvature of the cornea changes the way light rays enter the eye. As a result, the light rays can be focused properly onto the retina for clearer vision.
For nearsighted people, the laser is used to flatten the cornea. For farsighted people, the cornea is made steeper. For patients with astigmatism, the laser is used to smooth the irregularly-shaped cornea into a more regular shape.
The outer layer of the cornea - the epithelium – is capable of replacing itself within a few days after being damaged or removed. The deeper layer of the cornea – the stroma, on the contrary, is a permanent corneal tissue with very limited regenerative capacity. The stroma, if reshaped by a laser, will remain that way permanently.
In this procedure, a thin, circular "FLAP" is created in the surface of the cornea to gain access to the permanent corneal tissue. This can be done with a mechanical cutting tool called a microkeratome, OR, for a blade-free experience, by a femtosecond laser. An excimer laser is then used to remove some corneal tissue to reshape the cornea. Excimer laser uses cool ultraviolet light beams to vaporize microscopic amounts of tissue in a precise manner to accurately reshape the cornea. The excimer laser is computer-controlled and is programmed based on the patient’s refractive error. The flap is then laid back in place and is allowed to heal.
LASIK eye surgery is mostly painless and can be completed within minutes. Improved vision can usually be seen overnight.

PRK, or photorefractive keratectomy, was the first type of laser eye surgery for vision correction and is the predecessor to the popular LASIK procedure. In PRK, NO flap is created. Rather, the epithelial cells on the eye surface are simply removed. An excimer laser is then used to reshape the cornea just like it does in LASIK.
The vision correction outcomes of PRK surgery are comparable to those of LASIK, but the recovery period is longer. This is because the epithelium is completely removed in PRK and it takes a few days to regenerate. PRK patients also have more discomfort and haziness of vision in the first few days after the surgery. Improved vision also takes longer to achieve.
PRK does, however, offer certain advantages. Because PRK does not involve creation of a flap, which contains both epithelial and deeper stromal tissue, the entire thickness of the stroma is available for treatment. The treatment range is therefore higher. This is particularly useful for patients with high levels of myopia or for those whose cornea is too thin for LASIK. PRK is also free of flap-related complication risks.

Frostbite is an injury caused by freezing of the skin and underlying tissues. First your skin becomes very cold and red, then numb, hard and pale. Frostbite is most common on the fingers, toes, nose, ears, cheeks and chin. Exposed skin in cold, windy weather is most vulnerable to frostbite. But frostbite can occur on skin covered by gloves or other clothing. Frostnip, the first stage of frostbite, doesn't cause permanent skin damage. You can treat very mild frostbite with first-aid measures, including rewarming your skin. All other frostbite requires medical attention because it can damage skin, tissues, muscle and bones. Possible complications of severe frostbite include infection and nerve damage.

Palpation for Abdominal Masses

Most times, a pulmonary embolism is caused by blood clots that travel from the legs or, rarely, other parts of the body (deep vein thrombosis, or DVT). Symptoms include shortness of breath, chest pain, and cough. Prompt treatment to break up the clot greatly reduces the risk of death. This can be done with blood thinners and drugs or procedures. Compression stockings and physical activity can help prevent clots from forming in the first place.

http://without-glasses.good-info.co How To Improve Eyesight Naturally With Food , How To Improve Eyesight Naturally With Exercises Food. Naturally PERFECT your Vision to 20/20 If you are one of the millions of Americans who suffer from visual problems such as Myopia and Hyperopia then this video will SHOCK you! In the following free video you'll discover: How you can 100% naturally and safely cure almost any visual problem. Why your glasses and contacts are in fact WORSENING your eye condition. The real TRUTH about the Eyecare industry This revolutionary program that you'll soon discover has dared to challenge the billion-dollar Eyecare industry. It reveals this amazing secret to getting 20/20 vision and it doesn't matter what your eye problems are, whether short or long sightedness, Presbyopia, Glaucoma.. whatever! It should help with everything. more information in. http://without-glasses.good-info.co

Mastitis is inflammation of tissue in one or both mammary glands inside the breast. Mastitis usually affects lactating women - women who are breastfeeding, producing milk. Hence, it is often referred to as lactation mastitis. The patient feels a hard, sore spot inside the breast.

http://www.landging.com/circulatory-system-animation-cardiology.html
This circulatory system animation demonstrates cardiology mechanism of action and pharmacology in 3d.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) involves an immune-mediated process in which an abnormal response of the body’s immune system is directed against the central nervous system (CNS). The CNS is made up of the brain, spinal cord and optic nerves. Within the CNS, the immune system causes inflammation that damages myelin — the fatty substance that surrounds and insulates the nerve fibers — as well as the nerve fibers themselves, and the specialized cells that make myelin. When myelin or nerve fibers are damaged or destroyed in MS, messages within the CNS are altered or stopped completely. Damage to areas of the CNS may produce a variety of neurological symptoms that will vary among people with MS in type and severity The damaged areas develop scar tissue which gives the disease its name – multiple areas of scarring or multiple sclerosis. The cause of MS is not known, but it is believed to involve genetic susceptibility, abnormalities in the immune system and environmental factors that combine to trigger the disease. People with MS typically experience one of four disease courses. There are over a dozen treatments to help modify the MS disease process.

Barbed sutures first received US Food and Drug Administration approval for soft tissue approximation in 2005 and early adopters readily embraced this device to develop new techniques. It has become apparent that the advantages are more than just "skin deep." Superficial and deep fascia, cartilage, tendon, joint capsule, and fibrous periprosthetic capsules can also be manipulated. Barbed sutures have revolutionized our approach to facial rejuvenation and body contouring by enhancing our ability to quilt and powerfully lift tissue. The elimination of surgical drains and shorter surgical times has made this a true boon for plastic surgeons as well as many other surgical specialists. This article summarizes some of the current and evolving applications of this exciting new tool.

-Rapidly progressive weakness of the lower extremities following an upper respiratory infection, accompanied by sensory loss and urinary retention, is characteristic for transverse myelitis.

Epidermoid cysts, also called sebaceous, keratin, or epithelial cysts, are small, hard lumps that develop under the skin. These cysts are common. They grow slowly. They do not cause other symptoms and are nearly never cancerous. Epidermoid cysts are often found on the face, head, neck, back, or genitals

IV cannulation is a skill that has scared a lot of student nurses and even professionals. Perhaps it’s because IV insertion is an invasive procedure, and nurses are too worried that they might hurt their patients. Or maybe it’s because they are just clueless about IV therapy do’s and don’ts–things that one can only fully understand through constant practice.

Both lower extremities must be evaluated to determine the presence or extent of any disease and to ascertain the pulse status of the patient. The feet are examined for signs of peripheral vascular disease and the anterior and posterior tibial pulses are palpated. Because an intact arch can supply retrograde flow to the major vessels of the foot, it can be helpful to put pressure on the anterior tibial artery when detecting the presence of a posterior tibial pulse and visa-versa. This "modified Allen's test" may detect proximal vessel obstruction masked by an intact foot arch. The need for preoperative angiography in young, healthy patients with a normal physical examination has been hotly debated. Our tendency has been to obtain preoperative angiograms as a guide. Although rare, we have seen lower extremities with a dominant peroneal artery nourishing the foot and distal anterior and posterior vessels, contraindicating sacrifice of the peroneal artery. MRI or CT angiography can also be used in many circumstances.

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open multi puncture testicular biopsy to retrieve sperm for ICSI (IntaCytoplasmic Sperm Injection) Procedure video

When a deviated septum is severe, it can block one side of your nose and reduce airflow, causing difficulty breathing. The additional exposure of a deviated septum to the drying effect of airflow through the nose may sometimes contribute to crusting or bleeding in certain individuals. Nasal obstruction can occur from a deviated nasal septum, from swelling of the tissues lining the nose, or from both. Treatment of nasal obstruction may include medications to reduce the swelling or nasal dilators that help open the nasal passages. To correct a deviated septum, surgery is necessar

Possible causes include a combination of biological, psychological, and social sources of distress. Increasingly, research suggests these factors may cause changes in brain function, including altered activity of certain neural circuits in the brain. The persistent feeling of sadness or loss of interest that characterizes major depression can lead to a range of behavioral and physical symptoms. These may include changes in sleep, appetite, energy level, concentration, daily behavior, or self-esteem. Depression can also be associated with thoughts of suicide. The mainstay of treatment is usually medication, talk therapy, or a combination of the two. Increasingly, research suggests these treatments may normalize brain changes associated with depression.

Watch that video of Removing Man;s Hand Stuck Inside Meat Grinder