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Plasma Cell Dyscrasias
Plasma Cell Dyscrasias samer kareem 1,368 Views • 2 years ago

Plasma cell dyscrasias are disorders of the plasma cells. Plasma cell dyscrasias are produced as a result of abnormal proliferation of a monoclonal population of plasma cells that may or may not secrete detectable levels of a monoclonal immunoglobulin or immunoglobulin fragment (paraprotein or M protein).

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Pathophysiology
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Pathophysiology samer kareem 2,171 Views • 2 years ago

ARDS was recognized as the most severe form of acute lung injury (ALI), a form of diffuse alveolar injury. The AECC defined ARDS as an acute condition characterized by bilateral pulmonary infiltrates and severe hypoxemia in the absence of evidence for cardiogenic pulmonary edema. The severity of hypoxemia necessary to make the diagnosis of ARDS was defined by the ratio of the partial pressure of oxygen in the patient’s arterial blood (PaO2) to the fraction of oxygen in the inspired air (FiO2). ARDS was defined by a PaO2/FiO2 ratio of less than 200, and in ALI, less than 300. This definition was further refined in 2011 by a panel of experts and is termed the Berlin definition of ARDS. [3] ARDS is defined by timing (within 1 wk of clinical insult or onset of respiratory symptoms); radiographic changes (bilateral opacities not fully explained by effusions, consolidation, or atelectasis); origin of edema (not fully explained by cardiac failure or fluid overload); and severity based on the PaO2/FiO2 ratio on 5 cm of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). The 3 categories are mild (PaO2/FiO2 200-300), moderate (PaO2/FiO2 100-200), and severe (PaO2/FiO2 ≤100).

Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Skin
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Skin samer kareem 1,487 Views • 2 years ago

Squamous cell carcinomas typically appear as persistent, thick, rough, scaly patches that can bleed if bumped, scratched or scraped. They often look like warts and sometimes appear as open sores with a raised border and a crusted surface. In addition to the signs of SCC shown here, any change in a preexisting skin growth, such as an open sore that fails to heal, or the development of a new growth, should prompt an immediate visit to a physician.

Baby who was born premature at 24 weeks.
Baby who was born premature at 24 weeks. Scott 33,536 Views • 2 years ago

Meet Toby, the baby who was born premature at 24 weeks. He may be small, but he's definitely a fighter! Share his story.

Removal of large brain tumor (meningioma)
Removal of large brain tumor (meningioma) samer kareem 2,358 Views • 2 years ago

A meningioma is a tumor that arises from the meninges — the membranes that surround your brain and spinal cord. Most meningiomas are noncancerous (benign), though rarely a meningioma may be cancerous (malignant). Some meningiomas are classified as atypical, meaning they're neither benign nor malignant but, rather, something in between.

Microvascular Decompression of facial nerve
Microvascular Decompression of facial nerve samer kareem 1,193 Views • 2 years ago

Brain Surgery: Microvascular Decompression of facial nerve for hemifacial spasm

bone cancer Signs and symptoms
bone cancer Signs and symptoms samer kareem 1,844 Views • 2 years ago

Bone cancer symptoms. Possible symptoms of bone cancer include: Bone pain: Pain is the most common sign of bone cancer, and may become more noticeable as the tumor grows. Bone pain can cause a dull or deep ache in a bone or bone region (e.g., back, pelvis, legs, ribs, arms).

Tonsil Stone Removal Procedure
Tonsil Stone Removal Procedure Scott 20,738 Views • 2 years ago

A tonsillolith lodged in the tonsillar crypt. Specialty. Otorhinolaryngology. Tonsilloliths, also known as tonsil stones, are clusters of calcified material that form in the tonsillar crypts, the crevices of the tonsils. While they occur most commonly in the palatine tonsils, they may also occur in the lingual tonsils.

General Dentistry in 3D
General Dentistry in 3D Dentist 1,771 Views • 2 years ago

Amazing animation: General Dentistry in 3D

Hysterectomy Surgery
Hysterectomy Surgery samer kareem 8,050 Views • 2 years ago

Hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus. It ends menstruation and the ability to become pregnant. Depending on the reason for the surgery, a hysterectomy may also involve the removal of other organs and tissues such as the ovaries and/or fallopian tubes.

gum abscess drainage
gum abscess drainage samer kareem 1,834 Views • 2 years ago

Whether the result of an accident or biting on a piece of food that’s too hard, mouth injuries can cause teeth to become cracked, broken, or knocked out/dislodged. It is important to see a dentist because if left untreated, a dental emergency can lead to serious complications.

Pancake by a Cardiologist
Pancake by a Cardiologist Scott 3,065 Views • 2 years ago

Pancake by a Cardiologist

Stigmata of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Stigmata of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease samer kareem 2,726 Views • 2 years ago

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is defined as progressive, chronic airflow obstruction due to chronic bronchitis, emphysema, or both. The majority of patients have components of both, although one of these entities will frequently dominate the clinical picture. Emphysema�airspace enlargement distal to the terminal bronchioles due to destruction of alveolar septa. Chronic bronchitis�chronic airway inflammation and bronchospasm. Clinically defined as productive cough lasting for at least 3 mo over 2 consecutive years. Although COPD is irreversible, patients with acute exacerbations do have reversible bronchospastic and inflammatory components.

Journey for the Sperm to the Egg
Journey for the Sperm to the Egg Alicia Berger 18,507 Views • 2 years ago

Each month inside your ovaries, a group of eggs starts to grow in small, fluid-filled sacs called follicles. Eventually, one of the eggs erupts from the follicle (ovulation). It usually happens about 2 weeks before your next period. Hormones Rise After the egg leaves the follicle, the follicle develops into something called the corpus luteum. The corpus luteum releases a hormone that helps thicken the lining of your uterus, getting it ready for the egg. The Egg Travels to the Fallopian Tube After the egg is released, it moves into the Fallopian tube. It stays there for about 24 hours, waiting for a single sperm to fertilize it. All this happens, on average, about 2 weeks after your last period.

Spleen Pain Symptoms
Spleen Pain Symptoms samer kareem 1,459 Views • 2 years ago

An enlarged spleen may cause: No symptoms in some cases. Pain or fullness in the left upper abdomen that may spread to the left shoulder. Feeling full without eating or after eating only a small amount from the enlarged spleen pressing on your stomach. Anemia. Fatigue. Frequent infections. Easy bleeding.

Ruptured Liver Abscess
Ruptured Liver Abscess samer kareem 9,120 Views • 2 years ago

A liver abscess is a pus-filled mass inside the liver. Common causes are abdominal infections such as appendicitis or diverticulitis due to haematogenous spread through the portal vein. A pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is a pocket of pus that forms in the liver in response to an infection or trauma. Pus is a fluid composed of white blood cells, dead cells, and bacteria that forms when your body fights off infection.Dec 11, 2015

Tooth Filling Procedure
Tooth Filling Procedure samer kareem 6,769 Views • 2 years ago

A filling is a way to restore a tooth damaged by decay back to its normal function and shape. When a dentist gives you a filling, he or she first removes the decayed tooth material, cleans the affected area, and then fills the cleaned out cavity with a filling material. By closing off spaces where bacteria can enter, a filling also helps prevent further decay. Materials used for fillings include gold, porcelain, a composite resin (tooth-colored fillings), and an amalgam (an alloy of mercury, silver, copper, tin and sometimes zinc).

The Human Body in Numbers
The Human Body in Numbers samer kareem 3,430 Views • 2 years ago

The Human Body in Numbers.

Multiple sclerosis (MS)
Multiple sclerosis (MS) samer kareem 2,140 Views • 2 years ago

Multiple sclerosis (MS) affects the brain and spinal cord. Early MS symptoms include weakness, tingling, numbness, and blurred vision. Other signs are muscle stiffness, thinking problems, and urinary problems. Treatment can relieve MS symptoms and delay disease progression.

Amazing Cataract Surgery
Amazing Cataract Surgery samer kareem 2,205 Views • 2 years ago

A cataract is a cloudiness of the normally transparent lens that is situated behind the iris. The lens focuses light rays on the retina at the back of the eye to produce a sharp image of what we see. When the lens becomes cloudy, the light rays cannot pass easily through it, and the image becomes blurry. It would be equivalent to having the lens in your camera becoming murky.

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