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Bunions can be very painful. ... Bunion removal is a surgical procedure that corrects a deformed area of the foot near the big toe. Bunion removal is sometimes called a bunionectomy, bunion surgery, or hallux valgus correction. Hallux valgus is a Latin phrase that means “foot deformity
A wart is a skin growth caused by some types of the virus called the human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV infects the top layer of skin, usually entering the body in an area of broken skin. The virus causes the top layer of skin to grow rapidly, forming a wart. Most warts go away on their own within months or years.
When the colon and rectum are removed (due to ulcerative colitis or familial adenomatous polyposis), another reservoir must be created for bowel contents (stool) to exit the body. Surgically creating a “J” shaped reservoir (called a J-pouch) is an option for selected patients to store and pass stool.
ow does a perforation of the eardrum occur? There are many ways an eardrum perforation can occur. An infection behind the eardrum in the middle ear may cause a rupture of the eardrum. Trauma to the ear may result from an object entering the ear canal and puncturing the eardrum. A traumatic blow to the ear with a cupped hand can rupture the eardrum. Hot welding slag can burn a hole through the eardrum. After a ventilation tube has been extruded or is removed, the opening usually closes; in some cases a permanent opening of the eardrum may occur. Chronic ear problems such as deep retraction pockets and cholesteatoma can weaken and erode the eardrum, resulting in a defect or perforation.
Pediatric febrile seizures, which represent the most common childhood seizure disorder, exist only in association with an elevated temperature. Evidence suggests, however, that they have little connection with cognitive function, so the prognosis for normal neurologic function is excellent in children with febrile seizures. [1] Epidemiologic studies have led to the division of febrile seizures into 3 groups, as follows: Simple febrile seizures Complex febrile seizures Symptomatic febrile seizures Essential update: Starting MMR/MMRV vaccination earlier may reduce seizure risk In a case-series analysis of a cohort of 323,247 US children born from 2004 to 2008, Hambidge et al found that delaying the first dose of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) or measles-mumps-rubella-varicella (MMRV) vaccine beyond the age of 15 months may more than double the risk of postvaccination seizures in the second year of life. [2, 3] In infants, there was no association between vaccination timing and postvaccination seizures. [3] In the second year of life, however, the incident rate ratio (IRR) for seizures within 7-10 days was 2.65 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.99-3.55) after first MMR doses at 12-15 months of age, compared with 6.53 (95% CI, 3.15-13.53) after first MMR doses at 16-23 months. For the MMRV vaccine, the IRR for seizures was 4.95 (95% CI, 3.68-6.66) after first doses at 12-15 months, compared with 9.80 (95% CI, 4.35-22.06) for first doses at 16-23 months.
Acute kidney injury is common entity in medical practice. The present definition is based on a serum creatinine rise of more 0.3 mg/dl in 48 hours or less, a 50% increase from the baseline over a period of 07 days or a urine output of less than 0.5 ml/kg/hour for more than 06 hours. The main causes of acute kidney injury may be classified into pre renal, intrinsic or post renal causes. Rapid diagnosis and prompt treatment is essential to prevent mortality or morbidity. This presentation discusses in detail the causes of all three mechanisms, pre-renal, post renal and intrinsic.
A central venous catheter, also called a central line, is a long, thin, flexible tube used to give medicines, fluids, nutrients, or blood products over a long period of time, usually several weeks or more. A catheter is often inserted in the arm or chest through the skin into a large vein.